📄 rfc1945.ps
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( both prose and an augmented Backus-Naur Form \(BNF\) similar to that) s5 140 M( used by RFC 822 [7]. Implementors will need to be familiar with the) s5 127 M( notation in order to understand this specification. The augmented BNF) s5 114 M( includes the following constructs:) s5 49 M(Berners-Lee, et al Informational [Page 8]) s_RS%%Page: (9) 9%%BeginPageSetup_S24 24 translate/pagenum 9 def/fname (/usr/local/share/doc/rfc/Mirrors/ftp.isi.edu/in-notes/rfc1945.txt) def/fdir (/usr/local/share/doc/rfc/Mirrors/ftp.isi.edu/in-notes/) def/ftail (rfc1945.txt) def% User defined strings:/fmodstr (Thu May 16 00:00:00 1996) def/pagenumstr (9) def/user_header_p true def/user_header_left_str (RFC1945) def/user_header_center_str (RFC.net) def/user_header_right_str (Page 9 of 61) def%%EndPageSetupdo_header5 751 M(RFC 1945 HTTP/1.0 May 1996) s5 712 M( name = definition) s5 686 M( The name of a rule is simply the name itself \(without any) s5 673 M( enclosing "<" and ">"\) and is separated from its definition by) s5 660 M( the equal character "=". Whitespace is only significant in that) s5 647 M( indentation of continuation lines is used to indicate a rule) s5 634 M( definition that spans more than one line. Certain basic rules) s5 621 M( are in uppercase, such as SP, LWS, HT, CRLF, DIGIT, ALPHA, etc.) s5 608 M( Angle brackets are used within definitions whenever their) s5 595 M( presence will facilitate discerning the use of rule names.) s5 569 M( "literal") s5 543 M( Quotation marks surround literal text. Unless stated otherwise,) s5 530 M( the text is case-insensitive.) s5 504 M( rule1 | rule2) s5 478 M( Elements separated by a bar \("I"\) are alternatives,) s5 465 M( e.g., "yes | no" will accept yes or no.) s5 439 M( \(rule1 rule2\)) s5 413 M( Elements enclosed in parentheses are treated as a single) s5 400 M( element. Thus, "\(elem \(foo | bar\) elem\)" allows the token) s5 387 M( sequences "elem foo elem" and "elem bar elem".) s5 361 M( *rule) s5 335 M( The character "*" preceding an element indicates repetition. The) s5 322 M( full form is "<n>*<m>element" indicating at least <n> and at) s5 309 M( most <m> occurrences of element. Default values are 0 and) s5 296 M( infinity so that "*\(element\)" allows any number, including zero;) s5 283 M( "1*element" requires at least one; and "1*2element" allows one) s5 270 M( or two.) s5 244 M( [rule]) s5 218 M( Square brackets enclose optional elements; "[foo bar]" is) s5 205 M( equivalent to "*1\(foo bar\)".) s5 179 M( N rule) s5 153 M( Specific repetition: "<n>\(element\)" is equivalent to) s5 140 M( "<n>*<n>\(element\)"; that is, exactly <n> occurrences of) s5 127 M( \(element\). Thus 2DIGIT is a 2-digit number, and 3ALPHA is a) s5 114 M( string of three alphabetic characters.) s5 49 M(Berners-Lee, et al Informational [Page 9]) s_RS%%Page: (10) 10%%BeginPageSetup_S24 24 translate/pagenum 10 def/fname (/usr/local/share/doc/rfc/Mirrors/ftp.isi.edu/in-notes/rfc1945.txt) def/fdir (/usr/local/share/doc/rfc/Mirrors/ftp.isi.edu/in-notes/) def/ftail (rfc1945.txt) def% User defined strings:/fmodstr (Thu May 16 00:00:00 1996) def/pagenumstr (10) def/user_header_p true def/user_header_left_str (RFC1945) def/user_header_center_str (RFC.net) def/user_header_right_str (Page 10 of 61) def%%EndPageSetupdo_header5 751 M(RFC 1945 HTTP/1.0 May 1996) s5 712 M( #rule) s5 686 M( A construct "#" is defined, similar to "*", for defining lists) s5 673 M( of elements. The full form is "<n>#<m>element" indicating at) s5 660 M( least <n> and at most <m> elements, each separated by one or) s5 647 M( more commas \(","\) and optional linear whitespace \(LWS\). This) s5 634 M( makes the usual form of lists very easy; a rule such as) s5 621 M( "\( *LWS element *\( *LWS "," *LWS element \)\)" can be shown as) s5 608 M( "1#element". Wherever this construct is used, null elements are) s5 595 M( allowed, but do not contribute to the count of elements present.) s5 582 M( That is, "\(element\), , \(element\)" is permitted, but counts as) s5 569 M( only two elements. Therefore, where at least one element is) s5 556 M( required, at least one non-null element must be present. Default) s5 543 M( values are 0 and infinity so that "#\(element\)" allows any) s5 530 M( number, including zero; "1#element" requires at least one; and) s5 517 M( "1#2element" allows one or two.) s5 491 M( ; comment) s5 465 M( A semi-colon, set off some distance to the right of rule text,) s5 452 M( starts a comment that continues to the end of line. This is a) s5 439 M( simple way of including useful notes in parallel with the) s5 426 M( specifications.) s5 400 M( implied *LWS) s5 374 M( The grammar described by this specification is word-based.) s5 361 M( Except where noted otherwise, linear whitespace \(LWS\) can be) s5 348 M( included between any two adjacent words \(token or) s5 335 M( quoted-string\), and between adjacent tokens and delimiters) s5 322 M( \(tspecials\), without changing the interpretation of a field. At) s5 309 M( least one delimiter \(tspecials\) must exist between any two) s5 296 M( tokens, since they would otherwise be interpreted as a single) s5 283 M( token. However, applications should attempt to follow "common) s5 270 M( form" when generating HTTP constructs, since there exist some) s5 257 M( implementations that fail to accept anything beyond the common) s5 244 M( forms.) s5 218 M(2.2 Basic Rules) s5 192 M( The following rules are used throughout this specification to) s5 179 M( describe basic parsing constructs. The US-ASCII coded character set) s5 166 M( is defined by [17].) s5 140 M( OCTET = <any 8-bit sequence of data>) s5 127 M( CHAR = <any US-ASCII character \(octets 0 - 127\)>) s5 114 M( UPALPHA = <any US-ASCII uppercase letter "A".."Z">) s5 101 M( LOALPHA = <any US-ASCII lowercase letter "a".."z">) s5 49 M(Berners-Lee, et al Informational [Page 10]) s_RS%%Page: (11) 11%%BeginPageSetup_S24 24 translate/pagenum 11 def/fname (/usr/local/share/doc/rfc/Mirrors/ftp.isi.edu/in-notes/rfc1945.txt) def/fdir (/usr/local/share/doc/rfc/Mirrors/ftp.isi.edu/in-notes/) def/ftail (rfc1945.txt) def% User defined strings:/fmodstr (Thu May 16 00:00:00 1996) def/pagenumstr (11) def/user_header_p true def/user_header_left_str (RFC1945) def/user_header_center_str (RFC.net) def/user_header_right_str (Page 11 of 61) def%%EndPageSetupdo_header5 751 M(RFC 1945 HTTP/1.0 May 1996) s5 712 M( ALPHA = UPALPHA | LOALPHA) s5 699 M( DIGIT = <any US-ASCII digit "0".."9">) s5 686 M( CTL = <any US-ASCII control character) s5 673 M( \(octets 0 - 31\) and DEL \(127\)>) s5 660 M( CR = <US-ASCII CR, carriage return \(13\)>) s5 647 M( LF = <US-ASCII LF, linefeed \(10\)>) s5 634 M( SP = <US-ASCII SP, space \(32\)>) s5 621 M( HT = <US-ASCII HT, horizontal-tab \(9\)>) s5 608 M( <"> = <US-ASCII double-quote mark \(34\)>) s5 582 M( HTTP/1.0 defines the octet sequence CR LF as the end-of-line marker) s5 569 M( for all protocol elements except the Entity-Body \(see Appendix B for) s5 556 M( tolerant applications\). The end-of-line marker within an Entity-Body) s5 543 M( is defined by its associated media type, as described in Section 3.6.) s5 517 M( CRLF = CR LF) s5 491 M( HTTP/1.0 headers may be folded onto multiple lines if each) s5 478 M( continuation line begins with a space or horizontal tab. All linear) s5 465 M( whitespace, including folding, has the same semantics as SP.) s5 439 M( LWS = [CRLF] 1*\( SP | HT \)) s5 413 M( However, folding of header lines is not expected by some) s5 400 M( applications, and should not be generated by HTTP/1.0 applications.) s5 374 M( The TEXT rule is only used for descriptive field contents and values) s5 361 M( that are not intended to be interpreted by the message parser. Words) s5 348 M( of *TEXT may contain octets from character sets other than US-ASCII.) s5 322 M( TEXT = <any OCTET except CTLs,) s5 309 M( but including LWS>) s5 283 M( Recipients of header field TEXT containing octets outside the US-) s5 270 M( ASCII character set may assume that they represent ISO-8859-1) s5 257 M( characters.) s5 231 M( Hexadecimal numeric characters are used in several protocol elements.) s5 205 M( HEX = "A" | "B" | "C" | "D" | "E" | "F") s5 192 M( | "a" | "b" | "c" | "d" | "e" | "f" | DIGIT) s5 166 M( Many HTTP/1.0 header field values consist of words separated by LWS) s5 153 M( or special characters. These special characters must be in a quoted) s5 140 M( string to be used within a parameter value.) s5 114 M( word = token | quoted-string) s5 49 M(Berners-Lee, et al Informational [Page 11]) s_RS%%Page: (12) 12%%BeginPageSetup_S24 24 translate/pagenum 12 def/fname (/usr/local/share/doc/rfc/Mirrors/ftp.isi.edu/in-notes/rfc1945.txt) def/fdir (/usr/local/share/doc/rfc/Mirrors/ftp.isi.edu/in-notes/) def/ftail (rfc1945.txt) def% User defined strings:/fmodstr (Thu May 16 00:00:00 1996) def/pagenumstr (12) def/user_header_p true def/user_header_left_str (RFC1945) def/user_header_center_str (RFC.net) def/user_header_right_str (Page 12 of 61) def%%EndPageSetupdo_header5 751 M(RFC 1945 HTTP/1.0 May 1996) s5 712 M( token = 1*<any CHAR except CTLs or tspecials>) s5 686 M( tspecials = "\(" | "\)" | "<" | ">" | "@") s5 673 M( | "," | ";" | ":" | "\\" | <">) s5 660 M( | "/" | "[" | "]" | "?" | "=") s5 647 M( | "{" | "}" | SP | HT) s5 621 M( Comments may be included in some HTTP header fields by surrounding) s5 608 M( the comment text with parentheses. Comments are only allowed in) s5 595 M( fields containing "comment" as part of their field value definition.) s5 582 M( In all other fields, parentheses are considered part of the field) s5 569 M( value.) s5 543 M( comment = "\(" *\( ctext | comment \) "\)") s5 530 M( ctext = <any TEXT excluding "\(" and "\)">) s5 504 M( A string of text is parsed as a single word if it is quoted using) s5 491 M( double-quote marks.) s5 465 M( quoted-string = \( <"> *\(qdtext\) <"> \)) s5 439 M( qdtext = <any CHAR except <"> and CTLs,) s5 426 M( but including LWS>) s5 400 M( Single-character quoting using the backslash \("\\"\) character is not) s5 387 M( permitted in HTTP/1.0.) s5 361 M(3. Protocol Parameters) s5 335 M(3.1 HTTP Version) s5 309 M( HTTP uses a "<major>.<minor>" numbering scheme to indicate versions) s5 296 M( of the protocol. The protocol versioning policy is intended to allow) s5 283 M( the sender to indicate the format of a message and its capacity for) s5 270 M( understanding further HTTP communication, rather than the features) s5 257 M( obtained via that communication. No change is made to the version) s5 244 M( number for the addition of message components which do not affect) s5 231 M( communication behavior or which only add to extensible field values.) s5 218 M( The <minor> number is incremented when the changes made to the) s5 205 M( protocol add features which do not change the general message parsing) s5 192 M( algorithm, but which may add to the message semantics and imply) s5 179 M( additional capabilities of the sender. The <major> number is) s5 166 M( incremented when the format of a message within the protocol is) s5 153 M( changed.) s5 127 M( The version of an HTTP message is indicated by an HTTP-Version field) s5 114 M( in the first line of the message. If the protocol version is not) s5 101 M( specified, the recipient must assume that the message is in the) s5 49 M(Berners-Lee, et al Informational [Page 12]) s_RS%%Page: (13) 13%%BeginPageSetup_S24 24 translate/pagenum 13 def/fname (/usr/local/share/doc/rfc/Mirrors/ftp.isi.edu/in-notes/rfc1945.txt) def⌨️ 快捷键说明
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