《对弈程序基本技术》专题——概述.htm

象棋程序设计全资料集(介绍编写象棋程序的方法思路）

  target=_blank><STRONG>基本搜索方法——简介</STRONG><FONT 
  face="Times New Roman"><STRONG>(</STRONG></FONT><STRONG>三</STRONG><FONT 
  face="Times New Roman"><STRONG>)(D.Eppstein)</STRONG></FONT></A> 
  <DT><FONT face="Times New Roman"><STRONG>2.3 </STRONG></FONT><A 
  href="http://www.elephantbase.net/computer/search_minimax.htm" 
  target=_blank><STRONG>基本搜索方法——“最小</STRONG><FONT 
  face="Times New Roman"><STRONG>-</STRONG></FONT><STRONG>最大”搜索</STRONG><FONT 
  face="Times New Roman"><STRONG>(B.Moreland)</STRONG></FONT></A> 
  <DT><FONT face="Times New Roman"><STRONG>2.4 </STRONG></FONT><A 
  href="http://www.elephantbase.net/computer/search_alphabeta.htm" 
  target=_blank><STRONG>基本搜索方法——</STRONG><FONT 
  face="Times New Roman"><STRONG>Alpha-Beta</STRONG></FONT><STRONG>搜索</STRONG><FONT 
  face="Times New Roman"><STRONG>(B.Moreland)</STRONG></FONT></A> 
  <DT><FONT face="Times New Roman"><STRONG>2.5 </STRONG></FONT><A 
  href="http://www.elephantbase.net/computer/search_iterative.htm" 
  target=_blank><STRONG>基本搜索方法——迭代加深</STRONG><FONT 
  face="Times New Roman"><STRONG>(B.Moreland)</STRONG></FONT></A> 
  <DT><FONT face="Times New Roman"><STRONG>2.6 </STRONG></FONT><A 
  href="http://www.elephantbase.net/computer/search_hashing.htm" 
  target=_blank><STRONG>基本搜索方法——换位表</STRONG><FONT 
  face="Times New Roman"><STRONG>(B.Moreland)</STRONG></FONT></A> 
  <DT>　 
  <DT><FONT face=楷体_GB2312 size=5><STRONG>三、高级搜索方法</STRONG></FONT> 
  <DT>　 
  <DT>　　这些方法都是“带置换表的启发式<FONT 
  face="Times New Roman">Alpha-Beta</FONT>搜索”的扩展，其中静态搜索和空着裁剪是消除“水平线效应”的基本手段，而期望窗口、主要变例搜索<FONT 
  face="Times New Roman">(PVS)</FONT>和<FONT 
  face="Times New Roman">MTD(<EM>f</EM>)</FONT>都是<FONT 
  face="Times New Roman">Alpha-Beta</FONT>搜索的改进。并非所有的棋类游戏都会用到这些方法，而且使用起来会有一些负作用，因此归入高级搜索方法一点也不过分。 

  <DT>　 
  <DT><FONT face="Times New Roman"><STRONG>3.1 </STRONG></FONT><A 
  href="http://www.elephantbase.net/computer/advanced_intro1.htm" 
  target=_blank><STRONG>高级搜索方法——简介</STRONG><FONT 
  face="Times New Roman"><STRONG>(</STRONG></FONT><STRONG>一</STRONG><FONT 
  face="Times New Roman"><STRONG>)(D.Eppstein)</STRONG></FONT></A> 
  <DT><FONT face="Times New Roman"><STRONG>3.2 </STRONG></FONT><A 
  href="http://www.elephantbase.net/computer/advanced_intro2.htm" 
  target=_blank><STRONG>高级搜索方法——简介</STRONG><FONT 
  face="Times New Roman"><STRONG>(</STRONG></FONT><STRONG>二</STRONG><FONT 
  face="Times New Roman"><STRONG>)(D.Eppstein)</STRONG></FONT></A> 
  <DT><FONT face="Times New Roman"><STRONG>3.3 </STRONG></FONT><A 
  href="http://www.elephantbase.net/computer/advanced_quiescent.htm" 
  target=_blank><STRONG>高级搜索方法——静态搜索</STRONG><FONT 
  face="Times New Roman"><STRONG>(B.Moreland)</STRONG></FONT></A> 
  <DT><FONT face="Times New Roman"><STRONG>3.4 </STRONG></FONT><A 
  href="http://www.elephantbase.net/computer/advanced_nullmove.htm" 
  target=_blank><STRONG>高级搜索方法——空着裁剪</STRONG><FONT 
  face="Times New Roman"><STRONG>(B.Moreland)</STRONG></FONT></A> 
  <DT><FONT face="Times New Roman"><STRONG>3.5 </STRONG></FONT><A 
  href="http://www.elephantbase.net/computer/advanced_aspiration.htm" 
  target=_blank><STRONG>高级搜索方法——期望窗口</STRONG><FONT 
  face="Times New Roman"><STRONG>(B.Moreland)</STRONG></FONT></A> 
  <DT><FONT face="Times New Roman"><STRONG>3.6 </STRONG></FONT><A 
  href="http://www.elephantbase.net/computer/advanced_pvs.htm" 
  target=_blank><STRONG>高级搜索方法——主要变例搜索</STRONG><FONT 
  face="Times New Roman"><STRONG>(B.Moreland)</STRONG></FONT></A> 
  <DT><FONT face="Times New Roman"><STRONG>3.7 </STRONG></FONT><A 
  href="http://www.elephantbase.net/computer/advanced_instability.htm" 
  target=_blank><STRONG>高级搜索方法——搜索的不稳定性</STRONG><FONT 
  face="Times New Roman"><STRONG>(B.Moreland)</STRONG></FONT></A> 
  <DT>　 
  <DT><FONT face=楷体_GB2312 size=5><STRONG>四、局面评估函数</STRONG></FONT> 
  <DT>　 
  <DT>　　局面评估函数是对弈程序的核心，很少有特别详细的报道，通常引擎的作者是不愿意公开的。 
  <DT>　 
  <DT><FONT face="Times New Roman"><STRONG>4.1 </STRONG></FONT><A 
  href="http://www.elephantbase.net/computer/evalue_intro1.htm" 
  target=_blank><STRONG>局面评估函数——简介</STRONG><FONT 
  face="Times New Roman"><STRONG>(</STRONG></FONT><STRONG>一</STRONG><FONT 
  face="Times New Roman"><STRONG>)(D.Eppstein)</STRONG></FONT></A> 
  <DT><FONT face="Times New Roman"><STRONG>4.2 </STRONG></FONT><A 
  href="http://www.elephantbase.net/computer/evalue_intro2.htm" 
  target=_blank><STRONG>局面评估函数——简介</STRONG><FONT 
  face="Times New Roman"><STRONG>(</STRONG></FONT><STRONG>二</STRONG><FONT 
  face="Times New Roman"><STRONG>)(D.Eppstein)</STRONG></FONT></A> 
  <DT>　 
  <DT><FONT face=楷体_GB2312 size=5><STRONG>五、其他策略</STRONG></FONT> 
  <DT>　 
  <DT>　　这里包含的内容比较杂，除了后台思考<FONT face="Times New Roman">(</FONT>属于时间控制的范畴<FONT 
  face="Times New Roman">)</FONT>以外，其他方法都不能提高引擎的效率，但能时程序更完善，这些方法主要是针对国际象棋的。 
  <DT>　 
  <DT><FONT face="Times New Roman"><STRONG>5.1 </STRONG></FONT><A 
  href="http://www.elephantbase.net/computer/other_winning.htm" 
  target=_blank><STRONG>其他策略——获胜局面</STRONG><FONT 
  face="Times New Roman"><STRONG>(D.Eppstein)</STRONG></FONT></A> 
  <DT><FONT face="Times New Roman"><STRONG>5.2 </STRONG></FONT><A 
  href="http://www.elephantbase.net/computer/other_pvcollect.htm" 
  target=_blank><STRONG>其他策略——主要变例的获取</STRONG><FONT 
  face="Times New Roman"><STRONG>(B.Moreland)</STRONG></FONT></A> 
  <DT><FONT face="Times New Roman"><STRONG>5.3 </STRONG></FONT><A 
  href="http://www.elephantbase.net/computer/other_repetition.htm" 
  target=_blank><STRONG>其他策略——重复检测</STRONG><FONT 
  face="Times New Roman"><STRONG>(B.Moreland)</STRONG></FONT></A> 
  <DT><FONT face="Times New Roman"><STRONG>5.4 </STRONG></FONT><A 
  href="http://www.elephantbase.net/computer/other_contempt.htm" 
  target=_blank><STRONG>其他策略——藐视因子</STRONG><FONT 
  face="Times New Roman"><STRONG>(B.Moreland)</STRONG></FONT></A> 
  <DT><FONT face="Times New Roman"><STRONG>5.5 </STRONG></FONT><A 
  href="http://www.elephantbase.net/computer/other_ponder.htm" 
  target=_blank><STRONG>其他策略——后台思考</STRONG><FONT 
  face="Times New Roman"><STRONG>(B.Moreland)</STRONG></FONT></A> 
  <DT><FONT face="Times New Roman"><STRONG>5.6 </STRONG></FONT><A 
  href="http://www.elephantbase.net/computer/other_egtb.htm" 
  target=_blank><STRONG>其他策略——残局库</STRONG><FONT 
  face="Times New Roman"><STRONG>(M.Fierz)</STRONG></FONT></A> 
  <DT><FONT face="Times New Roman"><STRONG>5.7 </STRONG></FONT><A 
  href="http://www.elephantbase.net/computer/other_book.htm" 
  target=_blank><STRONG>其他策略——开局库</STRONG><FONT 
  face="Times New Roman"><STRONG>(M.Fierz)</STRONG></FONT></A> 
  <DT><FONT face="Times New Roman"><STRONG>5.8 </STRONG></FONT><A 
  href="http://www.elephantbase.net/computer/other_stragy.htm" 
  target=_blank><STRONG>其他策略——策略和技巧</STRONG><FONT 
  face="Times New Roman"><STRONG>(M.Fierz)</STRONG></FONT></A> </DT></DL>
<DIR>
<LI>上一篇　<A 
href="http://www.elephantbase.net/computer/basic_evaluation.htm">国际象棋程序设计<FONT 
face="Times New Roman">(</FONT>六<FONT face="Times New Roman">)</FONT>：局面评估函数</A> 

<LI>下一篇　<A 
href="http://www.elephantbase.net/computer/struct_intro.htm">数据结构——简介</A> 
<LI>返　回　<A href="http://www.elephantbase.net/computer.htm">象棋百科全书——电脑象棋</A> 
</LI></DIR>
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