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   <TITLE>Add string tables to a BCB project</title>

   <META NAME="Author" CONTENT="Harold Howe">

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<H3>

Add string tables to a BCB project

</H3>

<P>

Many BCB programmers complain that C++Builder doesn't come with a graphical tool for

working with stringtable resources. However, this isn't a serious drawback because

stringtables are easy to create by hand. The process goes like this: first you

create an <TT>RC</TT> text file that contains your stringtable, then you add the

<TT>RC</TT> file to your project and load the strings from code.

</P>

<B>Step 1: Creating the <TT>RC</TT> file</B>

<P>

Create a new text file using the editor of your choice. I used BCB's Object

Repository to handle this by selecting the text object under the File | New menu

command. Save the file using an <TT>RC</TT> file extension (<TT>RES.RC</TT>).

Enter your stringtable into the <TT>RC</TT> file. The format goes like this:

</P>

<PRE>

#include "res.h"



STRINGTABLE

BEGIN

  IDS_STRING1 "Good Day, and welcome to String 1";

  IDS_STRING2 "Good Day, and welcome to String 2";

  IDS_STRING3 "Beauty, eh? \xA9 1998";

END

</PRE>

<P>

The keywords <TT>STRINGTABLE</TT>, <TT>BEGIN</TT>, and <TT>END</TT> are necessary.

The string ID's <TT>IDS_STRING1</TT>, <TT>IDS_STRING2</TT>, and <TT>IDS_STRING3</TT>

identify each string. These string ID's are <TT>#define</TT>'ed in <TT>RES.H</TT>

which is the next step I'll cover. Of course, the strings contained within

the quotes are the actual strings that we want to load and display.

</P>

<B>Step 2: Creating the a resource header file</B>

<P>

The string ID's from Step 1 must be assigned unique integer values. The best place

to assign the integer values is inside a header file that can be included by both

the <TT>RC</TT> file and your source files. Create another text file that will serve as the

resource include file. Save the file with a <TT>.H</TT> extension (<TT>RES.H</TT>).

Edit the file so it resembles the segment below. Each string resource ID from the

<TT>RC</TT> file should contain a corresponding <TT>#define</TT> in the header file.

</P>

<pre>

<font color="green">#ifndef RES_H</font>

<font color="green">#define RES_H</font>



<font color="green">#define  IDS_STRING1 (100)</font>

<font color="green">#define  IDS_STRING2 (101)</font>

<font color="green">#define  IDS_STRING3 (102)</font>



<font color="green">#endif</font>

</pre>

<B>Step 3: Add the <TT>RC</TT> file to your BCB project</B>

<P>

This is easy enough. Select the Project | Add To Project menu option from the BCB

IDE. This menu option brings up a File Open dialog. Select the <TT>RC</TT> file

and click OK. Use the Project Manager to view the nodes of the project, and verify

that the <TT>RC</TT> file is in the list.

</P>

<B>Step 4: Load the strings in code</B>

<P>

The code below demonstrates three methos for loading a stringtable string into an

<TT>AnsiString</TT> object. Make sure that you insert a <TT>#include</TT> for the

resource header file so that your code can see the <TT>#define</TT> statements for

the string resources. To use this code, place three labels onto the mainform of

your program.

</P>

<pre>

<font color="green">#include &lt;vcl\vcl.h></font>

<font color="green">#pragma hdrstop</font>



<font color="green">#include "Unit1.h"</font>

<font color="green">#include "res.h"     </font><font color="navy">// include string resource IDs</font>



<font color="navy">//---------------------------------------------------------------------------</font>

<font color="green">#pragma resource "*.dfm"</font>

TForm1 <b>*</b>Form1<b>;</b>

<font color="navy">//---------------------------------------------------------------------------</font>

<b>__fastcall</b> TForm1<b>:</b><b>:</b>TForm1<b>(</b>TComponent<b>*</b> Owner<b>)</b>

    <b>:</b> TForm<b>(</b>Owner<b>)</b>

<b>{</b>

    <font color="navy">// Load the string using the API LoadString function</font>

    <b>char</b> buf<b>[</b><font color="blue">255</font><b>]</b><b>;</b>

    <b>:</b><b>:</b>LoadString<b>(</b>HInstance<b>,</b> IDS_STRING1<b>,</b> buf<b>,</b> <font color="blue">255</font><b>)</b><b>;</b>

    Label1<b>-></b>Caption <b>=</b> buf<b>;</b>



    <font color="navy">// Load the string using the static AnsiString LoadStr method</font>

    str <b>=</b> AnsiString<b>:</b><b>:</b>LoadStr<b>(</b>IDS_STRING2<b>)</b><b>;</b>

    Label2<b>-></b>Caption <b>=</b> str<b>;</b>



    <font color="navy">// Load the string directly into the label</font>

    Label3<b>-></b>Caption <b>=</b> AnsiString<b>:</b><b>:</b>LoadStr<b>(</b>IDS_STRING3<b>)</b><b>;</b>

<b>}</b>

</pre>

<P>

<B>Note:</B> <TT>LoadString</TT> is an API function. The first parameter is the

<TT>HINSTANCE</TT> of the application that contains the string resources. The

second parameter is the resource ID of the string that you want to load. The

third parameter is a pointer to a C style buffer that <TT>LoadString</TT> will

copy the string into. The last parameter is the size of the buffer.

</P>

<P>

<B>Note:</B> The <TT>LoadStr</TT> method of <TT>AnsiString</TT> is a static member

function that loads the string table string and returns it in an AnsiString object.

<TT>LoadStr</TT> is probably the best method of loading a string resource, since

it will handle the details of allocating enough space to hold the string.

</P>

<P>

There is also a <TT>FmtLoadStr</TT> method that you might want to check into. It

allows you to format the string as you load it in.

</P>

<P>

<B>Note:</B> Notice that <TT>IDS_STRING3</TT> contains a <TT>\xA9</TT> in its

string. This inserts the copyright symbol (C) into the string.

</P>

<P>

<B>Note:</B> According to Rector and Newcomer's Win32 API book, you should try to

assign the string resource IDs in consective order. This just means that the first

string in the stringtable should be <TT>#define</TT>'ed as the lowest number in

the header file, and that IDs should gradually increase until you get to the last

string. The last string should have the highest <TT>#define</TT> value. This is an

efficiency issue with the operating system.

</P>





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