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   <TITLE>Create forms that miminize or close to the system tray</TITLE>

   <META NAME="Author" CONTENT="Harold Howe">

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<H3>

Create forms that miminize or close to the system tray

</H3>

<P>

Programs don't actually minimize to the system tray. They simply hide their normal

taskbar icon and add an icon to the system tray. You insert an icon in the system

tray by calling the <TT>Shell_NotifyIcon</TT> API function, or by using any one of

the third party tray controls that are out there. You can hide your program's taskbar

icon by calling the <TT>ShowWindow</TT> API function.

</P>

<P>

If you want your program to minimize to the system tray, create an <TT>OnMinimize</TT>

event for the global <TT>TApplication</TT> object that hides the mainform of the

program and hides that program's taskbar icon if it hasn't already been hidden.

If you want your program to close to the system tray, then move the code into an

<TT>OnClose</TT> handler.

</P>

<P>

The code example shown below demonstrates a system tray program that closes to the system tray. The program normally

remains hidden until the user double clicks the tray icon. At that point, the main form appears. You may prefer to have

a tray program that minimizes to the tray instead of closing to the system tray. The downloads section at the bottom

of this FAQ contains a project that shows how to make the program minimize to the tray instead of closing to

the tray.

</P>

<P><B>Note:</B> In the project example below, the mainform of the program contains a button and a popup menu. The

popup menu has a single item called unload. The push button and the unload item share the same <TT>OnClick</TT>

handler.

</P>

<pre>

<font color="navy">//-------------------------------------------------------</font>

<font color="navy">// MAINFORM.H</font>

<font color="navy">//-------------------------------------------------------</font>

<font color="green">#ifndef mainformH</font>

<font color="green">#define mainformH</font>

<font color="navy">//-------------------------------------------------------</font>

<font color="green">#include &lt;Classes.hpp></font>

<font color="green">#include &lt;Controls.hpp></font>

<font color="green">#include &lt;StdCtrls.hpp></font>

<font color="green">#include &lt;Forms.hpp></font>

<font color="green">#include &lt;Menus.hpp></font>

<font color="navy">//-------------------------------------------------------</font>



<font color="green">#define WM_TRAYNOTIFY  (WM_USER + 1001)</font>



<b>class</b> TForm1 <b>:</b> <b>public</b> TForm

<b>{</b>

<b>__published</b><b>:</b>	<font color="navy">// IDE-managed Components</font>

    TPopupMenu <b>*</b>PopupMenu1<b>;</b>

    TMenuItem <b>*</b>Unload1<b>;</b>

    TButton <b>*</b>UnloadBtn<b>;</b>

    <b>void</b> <b>__fastcall</b> UnloadBtnClick<b>(</b>TObject <b>*</b>Sender<b>)</b><b>;</b>

    <b>void</b> <b>__fastcall</b> FormClose<b>(</b>TObject <b>*</b>Sender<b>,</b> TCloseAction <b>&</b>Action<b>)</b><b>;</b>



<b>private</b><b>:</b>	<font color="navy">// User declarations</font>

    Graphics<b>:</b><b>:</b>TIcon <b>*</b>TrayIcon<b>;</b>

    <b>void</b> <b>__fastcall</b> WMTrayNotify<b>(</b>TMessage <b>&</b>Msg<b>)</b><b>;</b>

    <b>void</b> <b>__fastcall</b> RemoveIcon<b>(</b><b>)</b><b>;</b>

    <b>void</b> <b>__fastcall</b> AddIcon<b>(</b><b>)</b><b>;</b>



<b>public</b><b>:</b>		<font color="navy">// User declarations</font>

    <b>__fastcall</b> TForm1<b>(</b>TComponent<b>*</b> Owner<b>)</b><b>;</b>

    <b>__fastcall</b> <b>~</b>TForm1<b>(</b><b>)</b><b>;</b>



BEGIN_MESSAGE_MAP

    MESSAGE_HANDLER<b>(</b>WM_TRAYNOTIFY<b>,</b>TMessage<b>,</b>WMTrayNotify<b>)</b>

END_MESSAGE_MAP<b>(</b>TForm<b>)</b>

<b>}</b><b>;</b>

<font color="navy">//-------------------------------------------------------</font>

<b>extern</b> PACKAGE TForm1 <b>*</b>Form1<b>;</b>

<font color="navy">//-------------------------------------------------------</font>

<font color="green">#endif</font>





<font color="navy">//-------------------------------------------------------</font>

<font color="navy">// MAINFORM.CPP</font>

<font color="navy">//-------------------------------------------------------</font>

<font color="green">#include &lt;vcl.h></font>

<font color="green">#pragma hdrstop</font>



<font color="navy">// The first constant is the ID of the trayicon. The value</font>

<font color="navy">// is arbitrary. If your program displays more than one tray</font>

<font color="navy">// icon at a time, choose a unique ID for each icon.</font>

<font color="navy">// The char * constant is the hint text for the tray icon.</font>

<font color="navy">// The last constant is a user defined message that the tray</font>

<font color="navy">// will send to our window handle for tray mouse events.</font>

<b>const</b> <b>int</b> IDC_TRAY1      <b>=</b> <font color="blue">1005</font><b>;</b>

<b>const</b> <b>char</b> <b>*</b>HINT_MESSAGE <b>=</b> <font color="blue">"Tray Hint Message"</font><b>;</b>



<font color="green">#include &lt;shellapi.h></font>

<font color="green">#include "mainform.h"</font>

<font color="navy">//-------------------------------------------------------</font>

<font color="green">#pragma package(smart_init)</font>

<font color="green">#pragma resource "*.dfm"</font>

TForm1 <b>*</b>Form1<b>;</b>

<font color="navy">//-------------------------------------------------------</font>

<b>__fastcall</b> TForm1<b>:</b><b>:</b>TForm1<b>(</b>TComponent<b>*</b> Owner<b>)</b>

    <b>:</b> TForm<b>(</b>Owner<b>)</b>

<b>{</b>

    <font color="navy">// Load the icon from the EXE's resources</font>

    TrayIcon <b>=</b> <b>new</b> Graphics<b>:</b><b>:</b>TIcon<b>;</b>

    TrayIcon<b>-></b>Handle<b>=</b>LoadImage<b>(</b>HInstance<b>,</b>

                              <font color="blue">"LITTLEICON"</font><b>,</b>

                              IMAGE_ICON<b>,</b>

                              <font color="blue">0</font><b>,</b><font color="blue">0</font><b>,</b>

                              <font color="blue">0</font><b>)</b><b>;</b>



    <font color="navy">// Add the icon to the taskbar</font>

    AddIcon<b>(</b><b>)</b><b>;</b>

<b>}</b>

<font color="navy">//-------------------------------------------------------</font>

<b>__fastcall</b> TForm1<b>:</b><b>:</b><b>~</b>TForm1<b>(</b><b>)</b>

<b>{</b>

    <font color="navy">// Remove the icon from the tray, and delete</font>

    <font color="navy">// the TIcon pointer that we initially created.</font>

    RemoveIcon<b>(</b><b>)</b><b>;</b>

    <b>delete</b> TrayIcon<b>;</b>

<b>}</b>

<font color="navy">//-------------------------------------------------------</font>

<b>void</b> <b>__fastcall</b> TForm1<b>:</b><b>:</b>WMTrayNotify<b>(</b>TMessage <b>&</b>Msg<b>)</b>

<b>{</b>

    <font color="navy">// The LPARAM of the message identifies the type of mouse message.</font>

    <font color="navy">// When they right click, show the popup menu. When they double</font>

    <font color="navy">// click with the left mouse, show the form.</font>

    <b>switch</b><b>(</b>Msg<b>.</b>LParam<b>)</b>

    <b>{</b>

        <b>case</b> WM_RBUTTONUP<b>:</b>

            <font color="navy">// Find the mouse cursor and popup the popupmenu at that</font>

            <font color="navy">// location. The SetForegroundWindow and PostMessage calls</font>

            <font color="navy">// fix an OS bug that prevents the menu from closing when</font>

            <font color="navy">// the user clicks outside the menu. KB article Q135788</font>

            POINT WinPoint<b>;</b>

            GetCursorPos<b>(</b><b>&</b>WinPoint<b>)</b><b>;</b>

            SetForegroundWindow<b>(</b>Handle<b>)</b><b>;</b>

            PopupMenu1<b>-></b>Popup<b>(</b>WinPoint<b>.</b>x<b>,</b>WinPoint<b>.</b>y<b>)</b><b>;</b>

            PostMessage<b>(</b>Handle<b>,</b> WM_NULL<b>,</b> <font color="blue">0</font><b>,</b><font color="blue">0</font><b>)</b><b>;</b>

            <b>break</b><b>;</b>

        <b>case</b> WM_LBUTTONDBLCLK<b>:</b>

            Visible <b>=</b> <b>true</b><b>;</b>

            ShowWindow<b>(</b>Application<b>-></b>Handle<b>,</b> SW_SHOW<b>)</b><b>;</b>

            <b>break</b><b>;</b>

    <b>}</b>

<b>}</b>

<font color="navy">//-------------------------------------------------------</font>

<b>void</b> <b>__fastcall</b> TForm1<b>:</b><b>:</b>UnloadBtnClick<b>(</b>TObject <b>*</b>Sender<b>)</b>

<b>{</b>

    <font color="navy">// Terminate the app when they choose the upload option</font>

    Application<b>-></b>Terminate<b>(</b><b>)</b><b>;</b>

<b>}</b>

<font color="navy">//-------------------------------------------------------</font>

<b>void</b> <b>__fastcall</b> TForm1<b>:</b><b>:</b>AddIcon<b>(</b><b>)</b>

<b>{</b>

    <font color="navy">// Use the Shell_NotifyIcon API function to</font>

    <font color="navy">// add the icon to the tray.</font>

    NOTIFYICONDATA IconData<b>;</b>

    IconData<b>.</b>cbSize <b>=</b> <b>sizeof</b><b>(</b>NOTIFYICONDATA<b>)</b><b>;</b>

    IconData<b>.</b>uID    <b>=</b> IDC_TRAY1<b>;</b>

    IconData<b>.</b>hWnd   <b>=</b> Handle<b>;</b>

    IconData<b>.</b>uFlags <b>=</b> NIF_MESSAGE<b>|</b>NIF_ICON<b>|</b>NIF_TIP<b>;</b>

    IconData<b>.</b>uCallbackMessage <b>=</b> WM_TRAYNOTIFY<b>;</b>

    lstrcpy<b>(</b>IconData<b>.</b>szTip<b>,</b> HINT_MESSAGE<b>)</b><b>;</b>

    IconData<b>.</b>hIcon  <b>=</b> TrayIcon<b>-></b>Handle<b>;</b>



    Shell_NotifyIcon<b>(</b>NIM_ADD<b>,</b><b>&</b>IconData<b>)</b><b>;</b>

<b>}</b>

<font color="navy">//-------------------------------------------------------</font>

<b>void</b> <b>__fastcall</b> TForm1<b>:</b><b>:</b>RemoveIcon<b>(</b><b>)</b>

<b>{</b>

    NOTIFYICONDATA IconData<b>;</b>

    IconData<b>.</b>cbSize <b>=</b> <b>sizeof</b><b>(</b>NOTIFYICONDATA<b>)</b><b>;</b>

    IconData<b>.</b>uID    <b>=</b> IDC_TRAY1<b>;</b>

    IconData<b>.</b>hWnd   <b>=</b> Handle<b>;</b>

    IconData<b>.</b>hIcon  <b>=</b> TrayIcon<b>-></b>Handle<b>;</b>



    Shell_NotifyIcon<b>(</b>NIM_DELETE<b>,</b><b>&</b>IconData<b>)</b><b>;</b>

<b>}</b>

<font color="navy">//-------------------------------------------------------</font>

<b>void</b> <b>__fastcall</b> TForm1<b>:</b><b>:</b>FormClose<b>(</b>TObject <b>*</b>Sender<b>,</b> TCloseAction <b>&</b>Action<b>)</b>

<b>{</b>

    <font color="navy">// This application closes to the system tray. When they push</font>

    <font color="navy">// close, hide the app, but don't let the program close.</font>

    <b>if</b><b>(</b><b>!</b>Application<b>-></b>Terminated<b>)</b>

    <b>{</b>

        ShowWindow<b>(</b>Application<b>-></b>Handle<b>,</b> SW_HIDE<b>)</b><b>;</b>

        Visible <b>=</b> <b>false</b><b>;</b>

        Action <b>=</b> caNone<b>;</b>

    <b>}</b>

<b>}</b>

<font color="navy">//-------------------------------------------------------</font>







<font color="navy">//-------------------------------------------------------</font>

<font color="navy">// TRAY.CPP Project Source</font>

<font color="navy">//-------------------------------------------------------</font>

<font color="green">#include &lt;vcl.h></font>

<font color="green">#pragma hdrstop</font>

USERES<b>(</b><font color="blue">"tray.res"</font><b>)</b><b>;</b>

USEFORM<b>(</b><font color="blue">"mainform.cpp"</font><b>,</b> Form1<b>)</b><b>;</b>



<font color="navy">// TrayIcons.res contains the icon resource for the tray.</font>

USERES<b>(</b><font color="blue">"TRAYICONS.res"</font><b>)</b><b>;</b>

<font color="navy">//-------------------------------------------------------</font>

WINAPI WinMain<b>(</b>HINSTANCE<b>,</b> HINSTANCE<b>,</b> LPSTR<b>,</b> <b>int</b><b>)</b>

<b>{</b>

    <b>try</b>

    <b>{</b>

        Application<b>-></b>Initialize<b>(</b><b>)</b><b>;</b>

        Application<b>-></b>CreateForm<b>(</b><b>__classid</b><b>(</b>TForm1<b>)</b><b>,</b> <b>&</b>Form1<b>)</b><b>;</b>



        <font color="navy">// don't show the app's taskbar icon or the main form</font>

        ShowWindow<b>(</b>Application<b>-></b>Handle<b>,</b>SW_HIDE<b>)</b><b>;</b>

        Application<b>-></b>ShowMainForm <b>=</b> <b>false</b><b>;</b>



        Application<b>-></b>Run<b>(</b><b>)</b><b>;</b>

    <b>}</b>

    <b>catch</b> <b>(</b>Exception <b>&</b>exception<b>)</b>

    <b>{</b>

         Application<b>-></b>ShowException<b>(</b><b>&</b>exception<b>)</b><b>;</b>

    <b>}</b>

    <b>return</b> <font color="blue">0</font><b>;</b>

<b>}</b>

</pre>

<BR>

<TABLE  BORDER=1 CELLPADDING=10 CELLSPACING=0 WIDTH="100%">

<TR> <TD colspan = 2><B>Downloads for this FAQ</B> </TD> </TR>

<TR> <TD><TT><A HREF="download/tray1src.zip">tray1src.zip</A></TT></TD> <TD>Systray project that closes to the system tray. Source code only.   </TD> </TR>

<TR> <TD><TT><A HREF="download/tray1exe.zip">tray1exe.zip</A></TT></TD> <TD>Systray project that closes to the system tray. Includes EXE.       </TD> </TR>

<TR> <TD><TT><A HREF="download/tray2src.zip">tray2src.zip</A></TT></TD> <TD>Systray project that minimizes to the system tray. Source code only.</TD> </TR>

<TR> <TD><TT><A HREF="download/tray2exe.zip">tray2exe.zip</A></TT></TD> <TD>Systray project that minimizes to the system tray. Includes EXE.    </TD> </TR>

</TABLE>







</TD> </TR>



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