xserver.man

远程桌面连接工具

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.TH XSERVER 1 "Release 6.3"  "X Version 11"
.SH NAME
Xserver \- X Window System display server
.SH SYNOPSIS
.B X
[option ...]
.SH DESCRIPTION
.I X
is the generic name for the X Window System display server.  It is
frequently a link or a copy of the appropriate server binary for
driving the most frequently used server on a given machine.
.SH "STARTING THE SERVER"
The X server is usually started from the X Display Manager program \fIxdm(1)\fP.
This utility is run from the system boot files and takes care of keeping
the server running, prompting for usernames and passwords, and starting up
the user sessions.
.PP
Installations that run more than one window system may need to use the
\fIxinit(1)\fP utility instead of \fIxdm\fP.  However, \fIxinit\fP is
to be considered a tool for building startup scripts and is not
intended for use by end users.  Site administrators are \fBstrongly\fP
urged to use \fIxdm\fP, or build other interfaces for novice users.
.PP
The X server may also be started directly by the user, though this
method is usually reserved for testing and is not recommended for
normal operation.  On some platforms, the user must have special
permission to start the X server, often because access to certain
devices (e.g. /dev/mouse) is restricted.
.PP
When the X server starts up, it typically takes over the display.  If
you are running on a workstation whose console is the display, you may
not be able to log into the console while the server is running.
.SH OPTIONS
All of the X servers accept the following command line options:
.TP 8
.B :\fIdisplaynumber\fP
the X server runs as the given \fIdisplaynumber\fP, which by default is 0.
If multiple X servers are to run simultaneously on a host, each must have
a unique display number.  See the DISPLAY
NAMES section of the \fIX(1)\fP manual page to learn how to specify
which display number clients should try to use.
.TP 8
.B \-a \fInumber\fP
sets pointer acceleration (i.e. the ratio of how much is reported to how much
the user actually moved the pointer).
.TP 8
.B \-ac
disables host-based access control mechanisms.  Enables access by any host,
and permits any host to modify the access control list.
Use with extreme caution.
This option exists primarily for running test suites remotely.
.TP 8
.B \-audit \fIlevel\fP
Sets the audit trail level.  The default level is 1, meaning only connection
rejections are reported.  Level 2 additionally reports all successful
connections and disconnects.  Level 4 enables messages from the
SECURITY extension, if present, including generation and revocation of
authorizations and violations of the security policy.
Level 0 turns off the audit trail.
Audit lines are sent as standard error output.
.TP 8
.B \-auth \fIauthorization-file\fP
Specifies a file which contains a collection of authorization records used
to authenticate access.  See also the \fIxdm\fP and \fIXsecurity\fP manual
pages.
.TP 8
.B bc
disables certain kinds of error checking, for bug compatibility with
previous releases (e.g., to work around bugs in R2 and R3 xterms and toolkits).
Deprecated.
.TP 8
.B \-bs
disables backing store support on all screens.
.TP 8
.B \-c
turns off key-click.
.TP 8
.B c \fIvolume\fP
sets key-click volume (allowable range: 0-100).
.TP 8
.B \-cc \fIclass\fP
sets the visual class for the root window of color screens.
The class numbers are as specified in the X protocol.
Not obeyed by all servers.
.TP 8
.B \-co \fIfilename\fP
sets name of RGB color database.  The default is <XRoot>/lib/X11/rgb,
where <XRoot> refers to the root of the X11 install tree.
.ig
.TP 8
.B \-config \fIfilename\fP
reads more options from the given file.  Options in the file may be separated
by newlines if desired.  If a '#' character appears on a line, all characters
between it and the next newline are ignored, providing a simple commenting
facility.  The \fB\-config\fP option itself may appear in the file.
..
.TP 8
.B \-core
causes the server to generate a core dump on fatal errors.
.TP 8
.B \-dpi \fIresolution\fP
sets the resolution of the screen, in dots per inch.
To be used when the server cannot determine the screen size from the hardware.
.TP 8
.B dpms
Enable DPMS (when supported).
.TP 8
.B \-dpms
Disable DPMS.
.TP 8
.B \-deferglyphs \fIwhichfonts\fP
specifies the types of fonts for which the server should attempt to use
deferred glyph loading.  \fIwhichfonts\fP can be all (all fonts),
none (no fonts), or 16 (16 bit fonts only).
.TP 8
.B \-f \fIvolume\fP
sets feep (bell) volume (allowable range: 0-100).
.TP 8
.B \-fc \fIcursorFont\fP
sets default cursor font.
.TP 8
.B \-fn \fIfont\fP
sets the default font.
.TP 8
.B \-fp \fIfontPath\fP
sets the search path for fonts.  This path is a comma separated list
of directories which the X server searches for font databases.
.TP 8
.B \-help
prints a usage message.
.TP 8
.B \-I
causes all remaining command line arguments to be ignored.
.TP 8
.B \-kb
disables the XKEYBOARD extension if present.
.TP 8
.B \-nolisten \fItrans-type\fP
Disable a transport type.  For example, TCP/IP connections can be disabled
with
.B \-nolisten tcp
.TP 8
.B \-nolock
Disable the use of an X server lock file.
.TP 8
.B \-p \fIminutes\fP
sets screen-saver pattern cycle time in minutes.
.TP 8
.B \-pn
permits the server to continue running if it fails to establish all of
its well-known sockets (connection points for clients), but
establishes at least one.
.TP 8
.B \-r
turns off auto-repeat.
.TP 8
.B r
turns on auto-repeat.
.TP 8
.B \-s \fIminutes\fP
sets screen-saver timeout time in minutes.
.TP 8
.B \-su
disables save under support on all screens.
.TP 8
.B \-t \fInumber\fP
sets pointer acceleration threshold in pixels (i.e. after how many pixels
pointer acceleration should take effect).
.TP 8
.B \-terminate
causes the server to terminate at server reset, instead of continuing to run.
.TP 8
.B \-to \fIseconds\fP
sets default connection timeout in seconds.
.TP 8
.B \-tst
disables all testing extensions (e.g., XTEST, XTrap, XTestExtension1, RECORD).
.TP 8
.B tty\fIxx\fP
ignored, for servers started the ancient way (from init).
.TP 8
.B v
sets video-off screen-saver preference.
.TP 8
.B \-v
sets video-on screen-saver preference.
.TP 8
.B \-wm
forces the default backing-store of all windows to be WhenMapped.  This
is a backdoor way of getting backing-store to apply to all windows.
Although all mapped windows will have backing store, the backing store
attribute value reported by the server for a window will be the last
value established by a client.  If it has never been set by a client,
the server will report the default value, NotUseful.  This behavior is
required by the X protocol, which allows the server to exceed the
client's backing store expectations but does not provide a way to tell
the client that it is doing so.
.TP 8
.B \-x \fIextension\fP
loads the specified extension at init.
This is a no-op for most implementations.
.SH SERVER DEPENDENT OPTIONS
Some X servers accept the following options:
.TP 8
.B \-ld \fIkilobytes\fP
sets the data space limit of the server to the specified number of kilobytes.
A value of zero makes the data size as large as possible.  The default value
of \-1 leaves the data space limit unchanged.
.TP 8
.B \-lf \fIfiles\fP
sets the number-of-open-files limit of the server to the specified number.
A value of zero makes the limit as large as possible.  The default value
of \-1 leaves the limit unchanged.
.TP 8
.B \-ls \fIkilobytes\fP
sets the stack space limit of the server to the specified number of kilobytes.
A value of zero makes the stack size as large as possible.  The default value
of \-1 leaves the stack space limit unchanged.
.TP 8
.B \-logo
turns on the X Window System logo display in the screen-saver.
There is currently no way to change this from a client.
.TP 8
.B nologo
turns off the X Window System logo display in the screen-saver.
There is currently no way to change this from a client.
.SH XDMCP OPTIONS
X servers that support XDMCP have the following options.
See the \fIX Display Manager Control Protocol\fP specification for more
information.
.TP 8
.B \-query \fIhost-name\fP
Enable XDMCP and send Query packets to the specified host.
.TP 8
.B \-broadcast
Enable XDMCP and broadcast BroadcastQuery packets to the network.  The
first responding display manager will be chosen for the session.
.TP 8
.B \-indirect \fIhost-name\fP
Enable XDMCP and send IndirectQuery packets to the specified host.
.TP 8
.B \-port \fIport-num\fP
Use an alternate port number for XDMCP packets.  Must be specified before
any \-query, \-broadcast or \-indirect options.
.TP 8
.B \-class \fIdisplay-class\fP
XDMCP has an additional display qualifier used in resource lookup for
display-specific options.  This option sets that value, by default it 
is "MIT-Unspecified" (not a very useful value).
.TP 8
.B \-cookie \fIxdm-auth-bits\fP
When testing XDM-AUTHENTICATION-1, a private key is shared between the
server and the manager.  This option sets the value of that private
data (not that it is very private, being on the command line!).
.TP 8
.B \-displayID \fIdisplay-id\fP
Yet another XDMCP specific value, this one allows the display manager to
identify each display so that it can locate the shared key.
.SH XKEYBOARD OPTIONS
X servers that support the XKEYBOARD extension accept the following options:
.ig
.TP 8
.B \-xkbdir \fIdirectory\fP
base directory for keyboard layout files
..
.TP 8
.B \-xkbmap \fIfilename\fP
keyboard description to load on startup
.TP 8
.B [+-]accessx
enable(+) or disable(-) AccessX key sequences
.TP 8
.B \-ar1 \fImilliseconds\fP
sets the length of time in milliseconds that a key must be depressed before
autorepeat starts
.TP 8
.B \-ar2 \fImilliseconds\fP
sets the length of time in milliseconds that should elapse between
autorepeat-generated keystrokes
.PP
Many servers also have device-specific command line options.  See the
manual pages for the individual servers for more details.
.SH SECURITY EXTENSION OPTIONS
X servers that support the SECURITY extension accept the following option:
.TP 8
.B \-sp \fIfilename\fP
causes
the server to attempt to read and interpret filename as a security policy
file with the format described below.  The file is read at
server startup and reread at each server reset.
.PP
The syntax of the security policy file is as follows.
Notation: "*" means zero or more occurrences of the preceding element,
and "+" means one or more occurrences.  To interpret <foo/bar>, ignore
the text after the /; it is used to distinguish between instances of
<foo> in the next section.
.PP
.nf
<policy file> ::= <version line> <other line>*

<version line> ::= <string/v> '\en'

<other line > ::= <comment> | <access rule> | <site policy> | <blank line>

<comment> ::= # <not newline>* '\en'

<blank line> ::= <space> '\en'

<site policy> ::= sitepolicy <string/sp> '\en'

<access rule> ::= property <property/ar> <window> <perms> '\en'

<property> ::= <string>

<window> ::= any | root | <required property>

<required property> ::= <property/rp> | <property with value>