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<html><body><a href="doc018.html"><img src=../icons/next.gif alt="Next"></a><a href="doc000.html"><img src=../icons/up.gif alt="Up"></a><a href="doc016.html"><img src=../icons/previous.gif alt="Previous"></a><a href="doc000.html"><img src=../icons/contents.gif alt="Contents"></a><a href="doc123.html"><img src=../icons/index.gif alt="Index"></a><hr><h2><a name="s2.4">2.4 Step-By-Step Installation</a></h2><title>Step-By-Step Installation</title><p><h3><a name="s2.4.1">2.4.1 Starting the Installation System</a></h3><title>Starting the Installation System</title><p><h4><a name="s2.4.1.1">2.4.1.1 Booting</a></h4><title>Booting</title><p>To begin installing Red Hat Linux, insert the boot floppy you just createdinto the floppy drive and reboot the machine (if you have MS-DOSinstalled on your machine, you can start installing directly from theCD-ROM; see Section <a href="doc016.html#s2.3.1.3">2.3.1.3</a> above). The <tt>boot:</tt>prompt appears; press <tt>[Enter]</tt> to boot. Watch the boot messages tosee whether the Linux kernel detects your hardware. If it does notproperly detect your hardware, you may need to reboot and enter someoptions at the <tt>boot:</tt> prompt, e.g.:<p><blockquote><pre>boot: linux hdc=cdrom</pre></blockquote><p>Press <tt>[Enter]</tt> to boot using those options. If you do need tospecify some boot options, please make note of them; they will be neededlater.<p><b>Please Note:</b> Because Red Hat Linux supports installation on many different typesof hardware, many drivers (including those for SCSI<a name="i38">adapters, network cards, and many CD-ROMs) are not built into the Linuxkernel used during installation; rather, they are available as<em>modules</em> and loaded as you need them during the installationprocess. You will have the chance to specify options for such driversat the time they are loaded, and in fact these drivers will ignore anyoptions you specify for them at the <tt>boot:</tt> prompt. Please seeSection <a href="doc015.html#s2.2.2">2.2.2</a> above for more informationabout drivers built into the installation system.<p><h4><a name="s2.4.1.2">2.4.1.2 Beginning the Installation</a></h4><title>Beginning the Installation</title><p>After booting, the installation process begins by asking if you areusing a color monitor (see Figure <a href="doc017.html#f2">2</a>). <b>Yes</b>is the default; if you can't distinguish a cursor or highlight press<tt>[Tab]</tt> once, and then <tt>[Enter]</tt> to proceed. Next it presents awelcome message; press <tt>[Enter]</tt> to begin the installation. If youwish to abort the installation process, you may simply eject the bootfloppy now and reboot your machine.<p><p><a name="f2"></a><center><img src="img000.gif"></center><p><center>Figure 2:Beginning the Installation</center><p><p><h3><a name="s2.4.2">2.4.2 Selecting a Keymap</a></h3><title>Selecting a Keymap</title><a name="i39"><p>After the welcome dialog, the installation program gives you anopportunity to select a keyboard map (see Figure <a href="doc017.html#f3">3</a>).Select the keymap you wish to use on your Red Hat Linux system and press<tt>[Enter]</tt>; the keymap you select will be loaded automatically bothfor the remainder of the installation process and each time you bootyour Red Hat Linux system.<p>If you wish to change your keymap after you have booted your Red Hat Linuxsystem, you may use the <tt>/usr/sbin/kbdconfig</tt> command.<p><p><a name="f3"></a><center><img src="img001.gif"></center><p><center>Figure 3:Selecting a Keymap</center><p><p><h3><a name="s2.4.3">2.4.3 PCMCIA Support</a></h3><title>PCMCIA Support</title><a name="i40"><p>Next, the installation program asks you whether you need PCMCIAsupport. If you are using a PCMCIA device for installation (forexample, a PCMCIA ethernet card for installing via NFS, or PCMCIA SCSIcard for installing from CD) you should answer <b>Yes</b>; theinstallation program prompts you to insert the supplemental diskette.You should wait until the next dialog appears before inserting yourPCMCIA card.<p><h3><a name="s2.4.4">2.4.4 Selecting an Installation Method</a></h3><title>Selecting an Installation Method</title><p>You can install Red Hat Linux via any of four basic methods (see Section<a href="doc015.html#s2.2.1">2.2.1</a>, <em>Installation Methods</em>), some of whichrequire the use of a supplemental diskette. To summarize:<p><dl><p><dt><b>CD-ROM</b><dd><a name="i41">If you have a CD-ROM drive with the Red Hat Linux CD; does not require asupplemental diskette.<p><dt><b>NFS</b><dd><a name="i42">If you are installing from an NFS server which is exporting either theRed Hat Linux CD or a mirror of Red Hat Linux from the Red Hat FTP site; does notrequire a supplemental diskette.<p><dt><b>Hard Drive</b><dd><a name="i43">If you copied the Red Hat Linux files to one of your local hard drives; requires asupplemental diskette.<p><dt><b>FTP</b><dd><a name="i44">If you are installing directly from an FTP server; requires asupplemental diskette.<p><dt><b>SMB image</b><dd><a name="i45">If you are installing from a Microsoft Windows NT or Windows 95 sharedvolume; requires a supplemental diskette.<p></dl><p>The next dialog asks what type of installation method you wish to use(see Figure <a href="doc017.html#f4">4</a>). Highlight the appropriate choiceand select <b>OK</b>, or press <tt>[Enter]</tt>. If you select<b>FTP</b>, or <b>hard drive</b>, and you're not using PCMCIAsupport, the installation program prompts you to insert thesupplemental diskette.<p><h4><a name="s2.4.4.1">2.4.4.1 CD-ROM Type</a></h4><title>CD-ROM Type</title><p>If you choose to install Red Hat Linux/Intel from CD-ROM, the installationprogram prompts you for the type of CD-ROM:<p><dl><p><dt><b>IDE (ATAPI)</b><dd><a name="i46"><a name="i47">Most CD-ROMs available for Intel-based PCs are IDE (also known asATAPI) CD-ROMs. The install program checks for a CD-ROM on allavailable IDE devices before giving up.<p><dt><b>SCSI</b><dd><a name="i48">Select this if your CD-ROM is attached to a supported SCSI adapter; theinstallation program asks you to choose a SCSI driver. Choose thedriver that most closely resembles your adapter. You may specifyoptions for the driver if necessary; however, most drivers detect yourSCSI adapter automatically.<p><dt><b>Other</b><dd><a name="i49">If your CD-ROM is neither an IDE nor a SCSI CD-ROM, it's an ``other''.The installation program presents a list of drivers for supportedCD-ROMs; choose a driver and, if necessary, specify any driver options.<p></dl><p><p><a name="f4"></a><center><img src="img002.gif"></center><p><center>Figure 4:Selecting an Installation Method</center><p><p><h3><a name="s2.4.5">2.4.5 If You Are Installing via NFS</a></h3><title>If You Are Installing via NFS</title><p>If you are not installing Red Hat Linux via NFS, you may skip to Section<a href="doc017.html#s2.4.6">2.4.6</a> below.<p><h4><a name="s2.4.5.1">2.4.5.1 Choosing a Network Driver</a></h4><title>Choosing a Network Driver</title><p>If you are installing via NFS,you must have a supported network cardinstalled in your computer. The installation program prompts you tochoose the driver that supports your network card and to specify anyoptions necessary for the driver to locate and recognize the card. Mostof the time, the driver can locate the card automatically by<em>probing</em>; however, it is possible that probing your hardwaremight cause your machine to hang. If this happens, reboot the machine,start the installation again, and specify additional driver optionswhen you get to this step (see Appendix <a href="doc076.html#sA">A</a>).<p><h4><a name="s2.4.5.2">2.4.5.2 Configuring TCP/IP Networking</a></h4><title>Configuring TCP/IP Networking</title><p>After the installation program has found your network card, it presentsseveral dialogs for configuring TCP/IP networking. This information isonly used during the installation process; you will be able toconfigure permanent networking information later. This feature allows greater flexibility if you want to install from anetwork other than the one where the machine will ``live''. Figure<a href="doc017.html#f5">5</a> contains example networking information. <p><p><a name="f5"></a><center><table border><tr valign=top><td colspan=1 align=left nowrap><b>Field</b> </td><td colspan=1 align=left nowrap> <b>Example Value</b> </td></tr><tr valign=top><td colspan=1 align=left nowrap> IP Address </td><td colspan=1 align=left nowrap> 10.0.2.15 </td></tr><tr valign=top><td colspan=1 align=left nowrap>Netmask </td><td colspan=1 align=left nowrap> 255.255.255.0 </td></tr><tr valign=top><td colspan=1 align=left nowrap>Default Gateway </td><td colspan=1 align=left nowrap> 10.0.2.254 </td></tr><tr valign=top><td colspan=1 align=left nowrap>Primary Nameserver </td><td colspan=1 align=left nowrap> 10.0.2.1 </td></tr><tr valign=top><td colspan=1 align=left nowrap>Domain Name </td><td colspan=1 align=left nowrap> redhat.com </td></tr><tr valign=top><td colspan=1 align=left nowrap>Hostname </td><td colspan=1 align=left nowrap> pooh.redhat.com</td></tr></table><p><center>Figure 5:Sample Networking Information</center></center><p><p>The first dialog asks you for IP and other network addresses (seeFigure <a href="doc017.html#f6">6</a>). Enter the <b>IP address</b> you areusing during installation and press <tt>[Enter]</tt>. The installationprogram attempts to guess your <b>Netmask</b> based on your IPaddress; you may change the netmask if it is incorrect. Press<tt>[Enter]</tt>. The installation program guesses the <b>Defaultgateway</b> and <b>Primary nameserver</b> addresses from your IP addressand netmask; you may change them if they are incorrect. Choose<b>OK</b> to continue.<p><p><a name="f6"></a><center><img src="img003.gif"></center><p><center>Figure 6:Configuring TCP/IP</center><p><p>The second dialog prompts you for a domain name, a hostname, and othernetworking information (see Figure <a href="doc017.html#f7">7</a>). Enter the<b>Domain name</b> for your system and press <tt>[Enter]</tt>; theinstallation program carries the domain name down to the <b>Hostname</b> field. Enter the hostname you are using in front of the domainname to form a fully qualified domain name (FQDN). If your network hasmore than one nameserver, you may enter IP addresses for additionalnameservers in the <b>Secondary nameserver</b> and <b>Tertiarynameserver</b> fields. Choose <b>OK</b> to continue.<p><p><a name="f7"></a><center><img src="img004.gif"></center><p><center>Figure 7:Configuring Networking</center><p><p><h4><a name="s2.4.5.3">2.4.5.3 NFS Server Information</a></h4><title>NFS Server Information</title><p>The next dialog requests information about the NFS server (see Figure<a href="doc017.html#f8">8</a>). Enter the name or IP address of your NFSserver, and the name of the exported directory that contains the Red Hat LinuxCD. For example, if the NFS server has the Red Hat Linux CD mounted on<tt>/mnt/cdrom</tt>, enter <tt>/mnt/cdrom</tt> in <b>Red Hat directory</b>.If the NFS server is exporting a mirror of the Red Hat Linux installation treeinstead of a CD, enter the directory which contains the <tt>RedHat</tt>directory. For example, if your NFS server contains the directory<tt>/mirrors/redhat/i386/RedHat</tt>, enter<tt>/mirrors/redhat/i386</tt>.⌨️ 快捷键说明
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