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Subject: Internet Services
Date: Wed, 29 Apr 2009 09:28:00 +0800
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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" =
"http://www.w3c.org/TR/1999/REC-html401-19991224/loose.dtd">
<HTML><HEAD><TITLE>Internet Services</TITLE>
<META http-equiv=3DContent-Type content=3D"text/html; charset=3Dgb2312">
<META content=3D"MSHTML 6.00.2900.5659" name=3DGENERATOR><LINK =
title=3DPLEAC-Perl=20
href=3D"index.html" rel=3DHOME><LINK title=3DSockets =
href=3D"sockets.html"=20
rel=3DPREVIOUS><LINK title=3D"CGI Programming" =
href=3D"cgiprogramming.html"=20
rel=3DNEXT></HEAD>
<BODY class=3DSECT1 text=3D#cecece vLink=3D#d5ae83 aLink=3D#0000ff =
link=3D#f5deb3=20
bgColor=3D#4f6f6f>
<DIV class=3DNAVHEADER>
<TABLE cellSpacing=3D0 cellPadding=3D0 width=3D"100%"=20
summary=3D"Header navigation table" border=3D0>
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    <TH align=3Dmiddle colSpan=3D3>PLEAC-Perl</TH></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD vAlign=3Dbottom align=3Dleft width=3D"10%"><A accessKey=3DP=20
      =
href=3D"http://pleac.sourceforge.net/pleac_perl/sockets.html">Prev</A></T=
D>
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<HR align=3Dleft width=3D"100%">
</DIV>
<DIV class=3DSECT1>
<H1 class=3DSECT1><A name=3DINTERNETSERVICES>18. Internet =
Services</A></H1>
<DIV class=3DSECT2>
<H2 class=3DSECT2><A name=3DAEN978>Simple DNS Lookups</A></H2>
<TABLE width=3D"100%" bgColor=3D#2f4f4f border=3D0>
  <TBODY>
  <TR>
    <TD><PRE class=3DSCREEN><FONT color=3D#f5deb3 size=3D+1><FONT =
color=3D#bebebe>#-----------------------------
</FONT><FONT color=3D#ffa500>use</FONT> <FONT =
color=3D#b2dfee>Socket</FONT><FONT color=3D#00ffff>;</FONT>

<FONT color=3D#cdad00>@addresses</FONT> =3D <FONT =
color=3D#98fb98>gethostbyname</FONT><FONT =
color=3D#00ffff>(</FONT>$name<FONT color=3D#00ffff>)</FONT>   <FONT =
color=3D#98fb98>or</FONT> <FONT color=3D#ffa500>die</FONT> <FONT =
color=3D#00cd00>"Can't resolve $name: $!\n"</FONT><FONT =
color=3D#00ffff>;</FONT>
<FONT color=3D#cdad00>@addresses</FONT> =3D <FONT =
color=3D#ff7f50>map</FONT> <FONT color=3D#00ffff>{</FONT> inet_ntoa<FONT =
color=3D#00ffff>(</FONT>$_<FONT color=3D#00ffff>)</FONT> <FONT =
color=3D#00ffff>}</FONT> <FONT color=3D#cdad00>@addresses</FONT><FONT =
color=3D#00ffff>[</FONT><FONT color=3D#cdcd00>4</FONT> .. <FONT =
color=3D#cdad00>$#addresses</FONT><FONT color=3D#00ffff>];</FONT>
<FONT color=3D#bebebe># </FONT><FONT =
color=3D#cdad00>@addresses</FONT><FONT color=3D#bebebe> is a list of IP =
addresses ("208.201.239.48", "208.201.239.49")
#-----------------------------
</FONT><FONT color=3D#ffa500>use</FONT> <FONT =
color=3D#b2dfee>Socket</FONT><FONT color=3D#00ffff>;</FONT>

$address =3D inet_ntoa<FONT color=3D#00ffff>(</FONT>inet_aton<FONT =
color=3D#00ffff>(</FONT>$name<FONT color=3D#00ffff>));</FONT>
<FONT color=3D#bebebe># $address is a single IP address "208.201.239.48"
#-----------------------------
</FONT><FONT color=3D#ffa500>use</FONT> <FONT =
color=3D#b2dfee>Socket</FONT><FONT color=3D#00ffff>;</FONT>

$name =3D <FONT color=3D#98fb98>gethostbyaddr</FONT><FONT =
color=3D#00ffff>(</FONT>inet_aton<FONT =
color=3D#00ffff>(</FONT>$address<FONT color=3D#00ffff>)</FONT>, =
AF_INET<FONT color=3D#00ffff>)</FONT>
            <FONT color=3D#98fb98>or</FONT> <FONT =
color=3D#ffa500>die</FONT> <FONT color=3D#00cd00>"Can't resolve =
$address: $!\n"</FONT><FONT color=3D#00ffff>;</FONT>
<FONT color=3D#bebebe># $name is the hostname ("www.perl.com")
#-----------------------------
</FONT><FONT color=3D#ffa500>use</FONT> <FONT =
color=3D#b2dfee>Socket</FONT><FONT color=3D#00ffff>;</FONT>
$packed_address =3D inet_aton<FONT color=3D#00ffff>(</FONT><FONT =
color=3D#00cd00>"208.146.140.1"</FONT><FONT color=3D#00ffff>);</FONT>
$ascii_address  =3D inet_ntoa<FONT =
color=3D#00ffff>(</FONT>$packed_address<FONT color=3D#00ffff>);</FONT>
<FONT color=3D#bebebe>#-----------------------------
</FONT>$packed =3D <FONT color=3D#98fb98>gethostbyname</FONT><FONT =
color=3D#00ffff>(</FONT>$hostname<FONT color=3D#00ffff>)</FONT>
            <FONT color=3D#98fb98>or</FONT> <FONT =
color=3D#ffa500>die</FONT> <FONT color=3D#00cd00>"Couldn't resolve =
address for $hostname: $!\n"</FONT><FONT color=3D#00ffff>;</FONT>
$address =3D inet_ntoa<FONT color=3D#00ffff>(</FONT>$packed<FONT =
color=3D#00ffff>);</FONT>
<FONT color=3D#ff7f50>print</FONT> <FONT color=3D#00cd00>"I will use =
$address as the address for $hostname\n"</FONT><FONT =
color=3D#00ffff>;</FONT>
<FONT color=3D#bebebe>#-----------------------------
# $address is the IP address I'm checking, like "128.138.243.20"
</FONT><FONT color=3D#ffa500>use</FONT> <FONT =
color=3D#b2dfee>Socket</FONT><FONT color=3D#00ffff>;</FONT>
$name    =3D <FONT color=3D#98fb98>gethostbyaddr</FONT><FONT =
color=3D#00ffff>(</FONT>inet_aton<FONT =
color=3D#00ffff>(</FONT>$address<FONT color=3D#00ffff>)</FONT>, =
AF_INET<FONT color=3D#00ffff>)</FONT>
                <FONT color=3D#98fb98>or</FONT> <FONT =
color=3D#ffa500>die</FONT> <FONT color=3D#00cd00>"Can't look up $address =
: $!\n"</FONT><FONT color=3D#00ffff>;</FONT>
<FONT color=3D#cdad00>@addr</FONT>    =3D <FONT =
color=3D#98fb98>gethostbyname</FONT><FONT =
color=3D#00ffff>(</FONT>$name<FONT color=3D#00ffff>)</FONT>
                <FONT color=3D#98fb98>or</FONT> <FONT =
color=3D#ffa500>die</FONT> <FONT color=3D#00cd00>"Can't look up $name : =
$!\n"</FONT><FONT color=3D#00ffff>;</FONT>
$found   =3D <FONT color=3D#ff7f50>grep</FONT> <FONT =
color=3D#00ffff>{</FONT> $address <FONT color=3D#98fb98>eq</FONT> =
inet_ntoa<FONT color=3D#00ffff>(</FONT>$_<FONT color=3D#00ffff>)</FONT> =
<FONT color=3D#00ffff>}</FONT> <FONT color=3D#cdad00>@addr</FONT><FONT =
color=3D#00ffff>[</FONT><FONT color=3D#cdcd00>4</FONT>..<FONT =
color=3D#cdad00>$#addr</FONT><FONT color=3D#00ffff>];</FONT>
<FONT color=3D#bebebe>#-----------------------------
# <FONT size=3D-1><A =
href=3D"http://pleac.sourceforge.net/include/perl/ch18/mxhost">download =
the following standalone program</A></FONT>
#!/usr/bin/perl
# mxhost - find mx exchangers for a host
</FONT><FONT color=3D#ffa500>use</FONT> <FONT =
color=3D#b2dfee>Net::DNS</FONT><FONT color=3D#00ffff>;</FONT>

$host =3D <FONT color=3D#ff7f50>shift</FONT><FONT =
color=3D#00ffff>;</FONT>
$res =3D Net::DNS::Resolver-&gt;new<FONT color=3D#00ffff>();</FONT>
<FONT color=3D#cdad00>@mx</FONT> =3D mx<FONT =
color=3D#00ffff>(</FONT>$res, $host<FONT color=3D#00ffff>)</FONT>
   <FONT color=3D#98fb98>or</FONT> <FONT color=3D#ffa500>die</FONT> =
<FONT color=3D#00cd00>"Can't find MX records for $host =
("</FONT>.$res-&gt;errorstring,<FONT color=3D#00cd00>")\n"</FONT><FONT =
color=3D#00ffff>;</FONT>

<FONT color=3D#ffa500>foreach</FONT> <FONT =
color=3D#9ac0cd>$record</FONT> <FONT color=3D#00ffff>(</FONT><FONT =
color=3D#cdad00>@mx</FONT><FONT color=3D#00ffff>)</FONT> <FONT =
color=3D#00ffff>{</FONT>
    <FONT color=3D#ff7f50>print</FONT> $record-&gt;preference, <FONT =
color=3D#00cd00>" "</FONT>, $record-&gt;exchange, <FONT =
color=3D#00cd00>"\n"</FONT><FONT color=3D#00ffff>;</FONT>
<FONT color=3D#00ffff>}</FONT>

<FONT color=3D#bebebe>#-----------------------------
#% mxhost cnn.com
#10 mail.turner.com
#
#30 alfw2.turner.com
#-----------------------------
# <FONT size=3D-1><A =
href=3D"http://pleac.sourceforge.net/include/perl/ch18/hostaddrs">downloa=
d the following standalone program</A></FONT>
#!/usr/bin/perl
# hostaddrs - canonize name and show addresses
</FONT><FONT color=3D#ffa500>use</FONT> <FONT =
color=3D#b2dfee>Socket</FONT><FONT color=3D#00ffff>;</FONT>
<FONT color=3D#ffa500>use</FONT> <FONT =
color=3D#b2dfee>Net::hostent</FONT><FONT color=3D#00ffff>;</FONT>
$name =3D <FONT color=3D#ff7f50>shift</FONT><FONT =
color=3D#00ffff>;</FONT>
<FONT color=3D#ffa500>if</FONT> <FONT color=3D#00ffff>(</FONT>$hent =3D =
<FONT color=3D#98fb98>gethostbyname</FONT><FONT =
color=3D#00ffff>(</FONT>$name<FONT color=3D#00ffff>))</FONT> <FONT =
color=3D#00ffff>{</FONT>
    $name      =3D $hent-&gt;name<FONT color=3D#00ffff>;</FONT>          =
      <FONT color=3D#bebebe># in case different
</FONT>    $addr_<FONT color=3D#98fb98>ref</FONT>  =3D =
$hent-&gt;addr_list<FONT color=3D#00ffff>;</FONT>
    <FONT color=3D#cdad00>@addresses</FONT> =3D <FONT =
color=3D#ff7f50>map</FONT> <FONT color=3D#00ffff>{</FONT> inet_ntoa<FONT =
color=3D#00ffff>(</FONT>$_<FONT color=3D#00ffff>)</FONT> <FONT =
color=3D#00ffff>}</FONT> @$addr_<FONT color=3D#98fb98>ref</FONT><FONT =
color=3D#00ffff>;</FONT>
<FONT color=3D#00ffff>}</FONT>
<FONT color=3D#ff7f50>print</FONT> <FONT color=3D#00cd00>"$name =3D&gt; =
</FONT><FONT color=3D#cdad00>@addresses</FONT><FONT =
color=3D#00cd00>\n"</FONT><FONT color=3D#00ffff>;</FONT>

<FONT color=3D#bebebe>#-----------------------------
#% hostaddrs www.ora.com
#helio.ora.com =3D&gt; 204.148.40.9
#
#
#% hostaddrs www.whitehouse.gov
#www.whitehouse.gov =3D&gt; 198.137.240.91 198.137.240.92
#-----------------------------
</FONT></PRE></FONT></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></DIV>
<DIV class=3DSECT2>
<H2 class=3DSECT2><A name=3DAEN981>Being an FTP Client</A></H2>
<TABLE width=3D"100%" bgColor=3D#2f4f4f border=3D0>
  <TBODY>
  <TR>
    <TD><PRE class=3DSCREEN><FONT color=3D#f5deb3 size=3D+1><FONT =
color=3D#bebebe>#-----------------------------
</FONT><FONT color=3D#ffa500>use</FONT> <FONT =
color=3D#b2dfee>Net::FTP</FONT><FONT color=3D#00ffff>;</FONT>

$ftp =3D Net::FTP-&gt;new<FONT color=3D#00ffff>(</FONT><FONT =
color=3D#00cd00>"ftp.host.com"</FONT><FONT color=3D#00ffff>)</FONT>    =
<FONT color=3D#98fb98>or</FONT> <FONT color=3D#ffa500>die</FONT> <FONT =
color=3D#00cd00>"Can't connect: $@\n"</FONT><FONT =
color=3D#00ffff>;</FONT>
$ftp-&gt;login<FONT color=3D#00ffff>(</FONT>$username, $password<FONT =
color=3D#00ffff>)</FONT>       <FONT color=3D#98fb98>or</FONT> <FONT =
color=3D#ffa500>die</FONT> <FONT color=3D#00cd00>"Couldn't =
login\n"</FONT><FONT color=3D#00ffff>;</FONT>
$ftp-&gt;cwd<FONT color=3D#00ffff>(</FONT>$directory<FONT =
color=3D#00ffff>)</FONT>                   <FONT =
color=3D#98fb98>or</FONT> <FONT color=3D#ffa500>die</FONT> <FONT =
color=3D#00cd00>"Couldn't change directory\n"</FONT><FONT =
color=3D#00ffff>;</FONT>
$ftp-&gt;get<FONT color=3D#00ffff>(</FONT>$filename<FONT =
color=3D#00ffff>)</FONT>                    <FONT =
color=3D#98fb98>or</FONT> <FONT color=3D#ffa500>die</FONT> <FONT =
color=3D#00cd00>"Couldn't get $filename\n"</FONT><FONT =
color=3D#00ffff>;</FONT>
$ftp-&gt;put<FONT color=3D#00ffff>(</FONT>$filename<FONT =
color=3D#00ffff>)</FONT>                    <FONT =
color=3D#98fb98>or</FONT> <FONT color=3D#ffa500>die</FONT> <FONT =
color=3D#00cd00>"Couldn't put $filename\n"</FONT><FONT =
color=3D#00ffff>;</FONT>
<FONT color=3D#bebebe>#-----------------------------
</FONT>$ftp =3D Net::FTP-&gt;new<FONT color=3D#00ffff>(</FONT><FONT =
color=3D#00cd00>"ftp.host.com"</FONT>,
                     <FONT color=3D#00cd00>Timeout</FONT> =3D&gt; <FONT =
color=3D#cdcd00>30</FONT>,
                     <FONT color=3D#00cd00>Debug</FONT>   =3D&gt; <FONT =
color=3D#cdcd00>1</FONT><FONT color=3D#00ffff>)</FONT>
    <FONT color=3D#98fb98>or</FONT> <FONT color=3D#ffa500>die</FONT> =
<FONT color=3D#00cd00>"Can't connect: $@\n"</FONT><FONT =
color=3D#00ffff>;</FONT>
<FONT color=3D#bebebe>#-----------------------------
</FONT>$ftp-&gt;
login<FONT color=3D#00ffff>()</FONT>

    <FONT color=3D#98fb98>or</FONT> <FONT color=3D#ffa500>die</FONT> =
<FONT color=3D#00cd00>"Couldn't authenticate.\n"</FONT><FONT =
color=3D#00ffff>;</FONT>

$ftp-&gt;login<FONT color=3D#00ffff>(</FONT>$username<FONT =
color=3D#00ffff>)</FONT>
    <FONT color=3D#98fb98>or</FONT> <FONT color=3D#ffa500>die</FONT> =
<FONT color=3D#00cd00>"Still couldn't authenticate.\n"</FONT><FONT =
color=3D#00ffff>;</FONT>

$ftp-&gt;login<FONT color=3D#00ffff>(</FONT>$username, $password<FONT =
color=3D#00ffff>)</FONT>
    <FONT color=3D#98fb98>or</FONT> <FONT color=3D#ffa500>die</FONT> =
<FONT color=3D#00cd00>"Couldn't authenticate, even with explicit =
username
            and password.\n"</FONT><FONT color=3D#00ffff>;</FONT>

$ftp-&gt;login<FONT color=3D#00ffff>(</FONT>$username, $password, =
$account<FONT color=3D#00ffff>)</FONT>
    <FONT color=3D#98fb98>or</FONT> <FONT color=3D#ffa500>die</FONT> =
<FONT color=3D#00cd00>"No dice.  It hates me.\n"</FONT><FONT =
color=3D#00ffff>;</FONT>
<FONT color=3D#bebebe>#-----------------------------
</FONT>$ftp-&gt;put<FONT color=3D#00ffff>(</FONT>$localfile, =
$remotefile<FONT color=3D#00ffff>)</FONT>
    <FONT color=3D#98fb98>or</FONT> <FONT color=3D#ffa500>die</FONT> =
<FONT color=3D#00cd00>"Can't send $localfile: $!\n"</FONT><FONT =
color=3D#00ffff>;</FONT>
<FONT color=3D#bebebe>#-----------------------------
</FONT>$ftp-&gt;put<FONT color=3D#00ffff>(</FONT>*STDIN, =
$remotefile<FONT color=3D#00ffff>)</FONT>
    <FONT color=3D#98fb98>or</FONT> <FONT color=3D#ffa500>die</FONT> =
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