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📄 arrays.mht

📁 Perl 编程技巧大全。适合初学者阅读。
💻 MHT
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color=3D#cdad00>@A</FONT><FONT color=3D#bebebe> and not in </FONT><FONT =
color=3D#cdad00>@B</FONT><FONT color=3D#bebebe>
</FONT><FONT color=3D#ffa500>foreach</FONT> <FONT =
color=3D#9ac0cd>$item</FONT> <FONT color=3D#00ffff>(</FONT><FONT =
color=3D#cdad00>@A</FONT><FONT color=3D#00ffff>)</FONT> <FONT =
color=3D#00ffff>{</FONT>
    <FONT color=3D#ffa500>unless</FONT> <FONT =
color=3D#00ffff>(</FONT><FONT color=3D#cdcd00>$seen</FONT><FONT =
color=3D#00ffff>{</FONT>$item<FONT color=3D#00ffff>})</FONT> <FONT =
color=3D#00ffff>{</FONT>
        <FONT color=3D#bebebe># it's not in </FONT><FONT =
color=3D#cdcd00>%seen</FONT><FONT color=3D#bebebe>, so add to =
</FONT><FONT color=3D#cdad00>@aonly</FONT><FONT color=3D#bebebe>
</FONT>        <FONT color=3D#ff7f50>push</FONT><FONT =
color=3D#00ffff>(</FONT><FONT color=3D#cdad00>@aonly</FONT>, $item<FONT =
color=3D#00ffff>);</FONT>
    <FONT color=3D#00ffff>}</FONT>
<FONT color=3D#00ffff>}</FONT>
<FONT color=3D#bebebe>#-----------------------------
</FONT><FONT color=3D#ffa500>my</FONT> <FONT =
color=3D#cdcd00>%seen</FONT><FONT color=3D#00ffff>;</FONT> <FONT =
color=3D#bebebe># lookup table
</FONT><FONT color=3D#ffa500>my</FONT> <FONT =
color=3D#cdad00>@aonly</FONT><FONT color=3D#00ffff>;</FONT><FONT =
color=3D#bebebe># answer
</FONT>
<FONT color=3D#bebebe># build lookup table
</FONT><FONT color=3D#cdcd00>@seen</FONT><FONT =
color=3D#00ffff>{</FONT><FONT color=3D#cdad00>@B</FONT><FONT =
color=3D#00ffff>}</FONT> =3D <FONT color=3D#00ffff>();</FONT>

<FONT color=3D#ffa500>foreach</FONT> <FONT color=3D#9ac0cd>$item</FONT> =
<FONT color=3D#00ffff>(</FONT><FONT color=3D#cdad00>@A</FONT><FONT =
color=3D#00ffff>)</FONT> <FONT color=3D#00ffff>{</FONT>
    <FONT color=3D#ff7f50>push</FONT><FONT color=3D#00ffff>(</FONT><FONT =
color=3D#cdad00>@aonly</FONT>, $item<FONT color=3D#00ffff>)</FONT> <FONT =
color=3D#ffa500>unless</FONT> <FONT color=3D#ff7f50>exists</FONT> <FONT =
color=3D#cdcd00>$seen</FONT><FONT color=3D#00ffff>{</FONT>$item<FONT =
color=3D#00ffff>};</FONT>
<FONT color=3D#00ffff>}</FONT>
<FONT color=3D#bebebe>#-----------------------------
</FONT><FONT color=3D#ffa500>foreach</FONT> <FONT =
color=3D#9ac0cd>$item</FONT> <FONT color=3D#00ffff>(</FONT><FONT =
color=3D#cdad00>@A</FONT><FONT color=3D#00ffff>)</FONT> <FONT =
color=3D#00ffff>{</FONT>
    <FONT color=3D#ff7f50>push</FONT><FONT color=3D#00ffff>(</FONT><FONT =
color=3D#cdad00>@aonly</FONT>, $item<FONT color=3D#00ffff>)</FONT> <FONT =
color=3D#ffa500>unless</FONT> <FONT color=3D#cdcd00>$seen</FONT><FONT =
color=3D#00ffff>{</FONT>$item<FONT color=3D#00ffff>};</FONT>
    <FONT color=3D#cdcd00>$seen</FONT><FONT =
color=3D#00ffff>{</FONT>$item<FONT color=3D#00ffff>}</FONT> =3D <FONT =
color=3D#cdcd00>1</FONT><FONT color=3D#00ffff>;</FONT>                   =
    <FONT color=3D#bebebe># mark as seen
</FONT><FONT color=3D#00ffff>}</FONT>
<FONT color=3D#bebebe>#-----------------------------
</FONT><FONT color=3D#cdcd00>$hash</FONT><FONT =
color=3D#00ffff>{</FONT><FONT color=3D#00cd00>"key1"</FONT><FONT =
color=3D#00ffff>}</FONT> =3D <FONT color=3D#cdcd00>1</FONT><FONT =
color=3D#00ffff>;</FONT>
<FONT color=3D#cdcd00>$hash</FONT><FONT color=3D#00ffff>{</FONT><FONT =
color=3D#00cd00>"key2"</FONT><FONT color=3D#00ffff>}</FONT> =3D <FONT =
color=3D#cdcd00>2</FONT><FONT color=3D#00ffff>;</FONT>
<FONT color=3D#bebebe>#-----------------------------
</FONT><FONT color=3D#cdcd00>@hash</FONT><FONT =
color=3D#00ffff>{</FONT><FONT color=3D#00cd00>"key1"</FONT>, <FONT =
color=3D#00cd00>"key2"</FONT><FONT color=3D#00ffff>}</FONT> =3D <FONT =
color=3D#00ffff>(</FONT><FONT color=3D#cdcd00>1</FONT>,<FONT =
color=3D#cdcd00>2</FONT><FONT color=3D#00ffff>);</FONT>
<FONT color=3D#bebebe>#-----------------------------
</FONT><FONT color=3D#cdcd00>@seen</FONT><FONT =
color=3D#00ffff>{</FONT><FONT color=3D#cdad00>@B</FONT><FONT =
color=3D#00ffff>}</FONT> =3D <FONT color=3D#00ffff>();</FONT>
<FONT color=3D#bebebe>#-----------------------------
</FONT><FONT color=3D#cdcd00>@seen</FONT><FONT =
color=3D#00ffff>{</FONT><FONT color=3D#cdad00>@B</FONT><FONT =
color=3D#00ffff>}</FONT> =3D <FONT color=3D#00ffff>(</FONT><FONT =
color=3D#cdcd00>1</FONT><FONT color=3D#00ffff>)</FONT> <FONT =
color=3D#98fb98>x</FONT> <FONT color=3D#cdad00>@B</FONT><FONT =
color=3D#00ffff>;</FONT>
<FONT color=3D#bebebe>#-----------------------------
</FONT></PRE></FONT></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></DIV>
<DIV class=3DSECT2>
<H2 class=3DSECT2><A name=3DAEN194>Computing Union, Intersection, or =
Difference of=20
Unique Lists</A></H2>
<TABLE width=3D"100%" bgColor=3D#2f4f4f border=3D0>
  <TBODY>
  <TR>
    <TD><PRE class=3DSCREEN><FONT color=3D#f5deb3 size=3D+1><FONT =
color=3D#bebebe>#-----------------------------
</FONT><FONT color=3D#cdad00>@a</FONT> =3D <FONT =
color=3D#00ffff>(</FONT><FONT color=3D#cdcd00>1</FONT>, <FONT =
color=3D#cdcd00>3</FONT>, <FONT color=3D#cdcd00>5</FONT>, <FONT =
color=3D#cdcd00>6</FONT>, <FONT color=3D#cdcd00>7</FONT>, <FONT =
color=3D#cdcd00>8</FONT><FONT color=3D#00ffff>);</FONT>
<FONT color=3D#cdad00>@b</FONT> =3D <FONT color=3D#00ffff>(</FONT><FONT =
color=3D#cdcd00>2</FONT>, <FONT color=3D#cdcd00>3</FONT>, <FONT =
color=3D#cdcd00>5</FONT>, <FONT color=3D#cdcd00>7</FONT>, <FONT =
color=3D#cdcd00>9</FONT><FONT color=3D#00ffff>);</FONT>

<FONT color=3D#cdad00>@union</FONT> =3D <FONT =
color=3D#cdad00>@isect</FONT> =3D <FONT color=3D#cdad00>@diff</FONT> =3D =
<FONT color=3D#00ffff>();</FONT>
<FONT color=3D#cdcd00>%union</FONT> =3D <FONT =
color=3D#cdcd00>%isect</FONT> =3D <FONT color=3D#00ffff>();</FONT>
<FONT color=3D#cdcd00>%count</FONT> =3D <FONT color=3D#00ffff>();</FONT>
<FONT color=3D#bebebe>#-----------------------------
</FONT><FONT color=3D#ffa500>foreach</FONT> <FONT =
color=3D#9ac0cd>$e</FONT> <FONT color=3D#00ffff>(</FONT><FONT =
color=3D#cdad00>@a</FONT><FONT color=3D#00ffff>)</FONT> <FONT =
color=3D#00ffff>{</FONT> <FONT color=3D#cdcd00>$union</FONT><FONT =
color=3D#00ffff>{</FONT>$e<FONT color=3D#00ffff>}</FONT> =3D <FONT =
color=3D#cdcd00>1</FONT> <FONT color=3D#00ffff>}</FONT>

<FONT color=3D#ffa500>foreach</FONT> <FONT color=3D#9ac0cd>$e</FONT> =
<FONT color=3D#00ffff>(</FONT><FONT color=3D#cdad00>@b</FONT><FONT =
color=3D#00ffff>)</FONT> <FONT color=3D#00ffff>{</FONT>
    <FONT color=3D#ffa500>if</FONT> <FONT color=3D#00ffff>(</FONT> <FONT =
color=3D#cdcd00>$union</FONT><FONT color=3D#00ffff>{</FONT>$e<FONT =
color=3D#00ffff>}</FONT> <FONT color=3D#00ffff>)</FONT> <FONT =
color=3D#00ffff>{</FONT> <FONT color=3D#cdcd00>$isect</FONT><FONT =
color=3D#00ffff>{</FONT>$e<FONT color=3D#00ffff>}</FONT> =3D <FONT =
color=3D#cdcd00>1</FONT> <FONT color=3D#00ffff>}</FONT>
    <FONT color=3D#cdcd00>$union</FONT><FONT =
color=3D#00ffff>{</FONT>$e<FONT color=3D#00ffff>}</FONT> =3D <FONT =
color=3D#cdcd00>1</FONT><FONT color=3D#00ffff>;</FONT>
<FONT color=3D#00ffff>}</FONT>
<FONT color=3D#cdad00>@union</FONT> =3D <FONT =
color=3D#ff7f50>keys</FONT> <FONT color=3D#cdcd00>%union</FONT><FONT =
color=3D#00ffff>;</FONT>
<FONT color=3D#cdad00>@isect</FONT> =3D <FONT =
color=3D#ff7f50>keys</FONT> <FONT color=3D#cdcd00>%isect</FONT><FONT =
color=3D#00ffff>;</FONT>
<FONT color=3D#bebebe>#-----------------------------
</FONT><FONT color=3D#ffa500>foreach</FONT> <FONT =
color=3D#9ac0cd>$e</FONT> <FONT color=3D#00ffff>(</FONT><FONT =
color=3D#cdad00>@a</FONT>, <FONT color=3D#cdad00>@b</FONT><FONT =
color=3D#00ffff>)</FONT> <FONT color=3D#00ffff>{</FONT> <FONT =
color=3D#cdcd00>$union</FONT><FONT color=3D#00ffff>{</FONT>$e<FONT =
color=3D#00ffff>}</FONT>++ &amp;&amp; <FONT =
color=3D#cdcd00>$isect</FONT><FONT color=3D#00ffff>{</FONT>$e<FONT =
color=3D#00ffff>}</FONT>++ <FONT color=3D#00ffff>}</FONT>

<FONT color=3D#cdad00>@union</FONT> =3D <FONT =
color=3D#ff7f50>keys</FONT> <FONT color=3D#cdcd00>%union</FONT><FONT =
color=3D#00ffff>;</FONT>
<FONT color=3D#cdad00>@isect</FONT> =3D <FONT =
color=3D#ff7f50>keys</FONT> <FONT color=3D#cdcd00>%isect</FONT><FONT =
color=3D#00ffff>;</FONT>
<FONT color=3D#bebebe>#-----------------------------
</FONT><FONT color=3D#ffa500>foreach</FONT> <FONT =
color=3D#9ac0cd>$e</FONT> <FONT color=3D#00ffff>(</FONT><FONT =
color=3D#cdad00>@a</FONT>, <FONT color=3D#cdad00>@b</FONT><FONT =
color=3D#00ffff>)</FONT> <FONT color=3D#00ffff>{</FONT> <FONT =
color=3D#cdcd00>$count</FONT><FONT color=3D#00ffff>{</FONT>$e<FONT =
color=3D#00ffff>}</FONT>++ <FONT color=3D#00ffff>}</FONT>

<FONT color=3D#ffa500>foreach</FONT> <FONT color=3D#9ac0cd>$e</FONT> =
<FONT color=3D#00ffff>(</FONT><FONT color=3D#ff7f50>keys</FONT> <FONT =
color=3D#cdcd00>%count</FONT><FONT color=3D#00ffff>)</FONT> <FONT =
color=3D#00ffff>{</FONT>
    <FONT color=3D#ff7f50>push</FONT><FONT color=3D#00ffff>(</FONT><FONT =
color=3D#cdad00>@union</FONT>, $e<FONT color=3D#00ffff>);</FONT>
    <FONT color=3D#ffa500>if</FONT> <FONT color=3D#00ffff>(</FONT><FONT =
color=3D#cdcd00>$count</FONT><FONT color=3D#00ffff>{</FONT>$e<FONT =
color=3D#00ffff>}</FONT> =3D=3D <FONT color=3D#cdcd00>2</FONT><FONT =
color=3D#00ffff>)</FONT> <FONT color=3D#00ffff>{</FONT>
        <FONT color=3D#ff7f50>push</FONT> <FONT =
color=3D#cdad00>@isect</FONT>, $e<FONT color=3D#00ffff>;</FONT>
    <FONT color=3D#00ffff>}</FONT> <FONT color=3D#ffa500>else</FONT> =
<FONT color=3D#00ffff>{</FONT>
        <FONT color=3D#ff7f50>push</FONT> <FONT =
color=3D#cdad00>@diff</FONT>, $e<FONT color=3D#00ffff>;</FONT>
    <FONT color=3D#00ffff>}</FONT>
<FONT color=3D#00ffff>}</FONT>
<FONT color=3D#bebebe>#-----------------------------
</FONT><FONT color=3D#cdad00>@isect</FONT> =3D <FONT =
color=3D#cdad00>@diff</FONT> =3D <FONT color=3D#cdad00>@union</FONT> =3D =
<FONT color=3D#00ffff>();</FONT>

<FONT color=3D#ffa500>foreach</FONT> <FONT color=3D#9ac0cd>$e</FONT> =
<FONT color=3D#00ffff>(</FONT><FONT color=3D#cdad00>@a</FONT>, <FONT =
color=3D#cdad00>@b</FONT><FONT color=3D#00ffff>)</FONT> <FONT =
color=3D#00ffff>{</FONT> <FONT color=3D#cdcd00>$count</FONT><FONT =
color=3D#00ffff>{</FONT>$e<FONT color=3D#00ffff>}</FONT>++ <FONT =
color=3D#00ffff>}</FONT>

<FONT color=3D#ffa500>foreach</FONT> <FONT color=3D#9ac0cd>$e</FONT> =
<FONT color=3D#00ffff>(</FONT><FONT color=3D#ff7f50>keys</FONT> <FONT =
color=3D#cdcd00>%count</FONT><FONT color=3D#00ffff>)</FONT> <FONT =
color=3D#00ffff>{</FONT>
    <FONT color=3D#ff7f50>push</FONT><FONT color=3D#00ffff>(</FONT><FONT =
color=3D#cdad00>@union</FONT>, $e<FONT color=3D#00ffff>);</FONT>
    <FONT color=3D#ff7f50>push</FONT> @<FONT color=3D#00ffff>{</FONT> =
<FONT color=3D#cdcd00>$count</FONT><FONT color=3D#00ffff>{</FONT>$e<FONT =
color=3D#00ffff>}</FONT> =3D=3D <FONT color=3D#cdcd00>2</FONT> ? \<FONT =
color=3D#cdad00>@isect</FONT> : \<FONT color=3D#cdad00>@diff</FONT> =
<FONT color=3D#00ffff>}</FONT>, $e<FONT color=3D#00ffff>;</FONT>
<FONT color=3D#00ffff>}</FONT>
<FONT color=3D#bebebe>#-----------------------------
</FONT></PRE></FONT></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></DIV>
<DIV class=3DSECT2>
<H2 class=3DSECT2><A name=3DAEN197>Appending One Array to =
Another</A></H2>
<TABLE width=3D"100%" bgColor=3D#2f4f4f border=3D0>
  <TBODY>
  <TR>
    <TD><PRE class=3DSCREEN><FONT color=3D#f5deb3 size=3D+1><FONT =
color=3D#bebebe>#-----------------------------
# push
</FONT><FONT color=3D#ff7f50>push</FONT><FONT =
color=3D#00ffff>(</FONT><FONT color=3D#cdad00>@ARRAY1</FONT>, <FONT =
color=3D#cdad00>@ARRAY2</FONT><FONT color=3D#00ffff>);</FONT>
<FONT color=3D#bebebe>#-----------------------------
</FONT><FONT color=3D#cdad00>@ARRAY1</FONT> =3D <FONT =
color=3D#00ffff>(</FONT><FONT color=3D#cdad00>@ARRAY1</FONT>, <FONT =
color=3D#cdad00>@ARRAY2</FONT><FONT color=3D#00ffff>);</FONT>
<FONT color=3D#bebebe>#-----------------------------
</FONT><FONT color=3D#cdad00>@members</FONT> =3D <FONT =
color=3D#00ffff>(</FONT><FONT color=3D#00cd00>"Time"</FONT>, <FONT =
color=3D#00cd00>"Flies"</FONT><FONT color=3D#00ffff>);</FONT>
<FONT color=3D#cdad00>@initiates</FONT> =3D <FONT =
color=3D#00ffff>(</FONT><FONT color=3D#00cd00>"An"</FONT>, <FONT =
color=3D#00cd00>"Arrow"</FONT><FONT color=3D#00ffff>);</FONT>
<FONT color=3D#ff7f50>push</FONT><FONT color=3D#00ffff>(</FONT><FONT =
color=3D#cdad00>@members</FONT>, <FONT =
color=3D#cdad00>@initiates</FONT><FONT color=3D#00ffff>);</FONT>
<FONT color=3D#bebebe># </FONT><FONT =
color=3D#cdad00>@members</FONT><FONT color=3D#bebebe> is now ("Time", =
"Flies", "An", "Arrow")
#-----------------------------
</FONT><FONT color=3D#ff7f50>splice</FONT><FONT =
color=3D#00ffff>(</FONT><FONT color=3D#cdad00>@members</FONT>, <FONT =
color=3D#cdcd00>2</FONT>, <FONT color=3D#cdcd00>0</FONT>, <FONT =
color=3D#00cd00>"Like"</FONT>, <FONT =
color=3D#cdad00>@initiates</FONT><FONT color=3D#00ffff>);</FONT>
<FONT color=3D#ff7f50>print</FONT> <FONT color=3D#00cd00>"</FONT><FONT =
color=3D#cdad00>@members</FONT><FONT color=3D#00cd00>\n"</FONT><FONT =
color=3D#00ffff>;</FONT>
<FONT color=3D#ff7f50>splice</FONT><FONT color=3D#00ffff>(</FONT><FONT =
color=3D#cdad00>@members</FONT>, <FONT color=3D#cdcd00>0</FONT>, <FONT =
color=3D#cdcd00>1</FONT>, <FONT color=3D#00cd00>"Fruit"</FONT><FONT =
color=3D#00ffff>);</FONT>
<FONT color=3D#ff7f50>splice</FONT><FONT color=3D#00ffff>(</FONT><FONT =
color=3D#cdad00>@members</FONT>, <FONT color=3D#cdcd00>-2</FONT>, <FONT =
color=3D#cdcd00>2</FONT>, <FONT color=3D#00cd00>"A"</FONT>, <FONT =
color=3D#00cd00>"Banana"</FONT><FONT color=3D#00ffff>);</FONT>
<FONT color=3D#ff7f50>print</FONT> <FONT color=3D#00cd00>"</FONT><FONT =
color=3D#cdad00>@members</FONT><FONT color=3D#00cd00>\n"</FONT><FONT =
color=3D#00ffff>;</FONT>
<FONT color=3D#bebebe>#-----------------------------
12345

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