rfc2378.txt
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mail. The specific (username, host) pair to where a user's mail should be sent for final delivery is stored in the field named by {mailbox}. Phquery and like utilities will use this field. To construct a useable email address from Nameserver information, the algorithm below is followed: if ({maildomain} is not null) then address = (contents of {mailfield})@{maildomain} else address = (contents of {mailfield}) Some existing client software will not format email addresses correctly if the value of {mailbox} is set to anything other than "email" when {maildomain} is non-empty. If {mailbox} is set to anything other than {email}, {maildomain} must be reported empty by the siteinfo command. Also reformatting of each record's {mailfield} must be done by the server before reporting it to the client.3.3. fields fields [field ...] Without an argument, a list of all available field descriptors should be delivered. Any space-separated argument(s) restricts the list to the named fields. Fields marked with the "LocalPub" keyword (section 1.1.1) should not be delivered outside of the local domain.Hedberg & Pomes Informational [Page 8] RFC 2378 The CCSO Nameserver (Ph) Architecture September 1998 The output of the command consists of two lines describing each field. The first line defines the field in technical terms (max length and field attributes), while the second line is a brief description of what the field is intended to hold. The second number of each response is the field id number. C: fields S: -200:6:alias:max 32 Indexed Lookup Public Default S: -200:6:alias:Unique name for user. S: -200:3:name:max 64 Indexed Lookup Public Default S: -200:3:name:Fullname S: -200:2:email:max 128 Lookup Public Default S: -200:2:email:Account to receive electronic mail. S: -200:16:other:max 256 Lookup Public Default Change S: -200:16:other:Other info the user finds important. S: -200:33:home_phone:max 60 Lookup Public Change Turn S: -200:33:home_phone:Home telephone number. S: 200:Ok.3.4. id id information Enters the given information in the Nameserver's log. This command is used by the Ph client to enter the user id of the person running it.3.5. set set [option[=value] ...] Sets the named option for this nameserver session to a value. The default string "on" is used if no value is supplied. Used without arguments it return the settable options and their current value. Some common options are echo If on, echo the client's commands back to the client. limit Changes that affect more than the specified number of entries results in an error. charset Return responses to the client in the character set specified. verbose If on, report interim progress messages to the client. addonly If on, change commands can only create fields in entries, not modify them. nolog If on, disable logging. external If on, make Fields marked as "LocalPub" invisible.Hedberg & Pomes Informational [Page 9] RFC 2378 The CCSO Nameserver (Ph) Architecture September 1998 Example C: set verbose=off S: 200:Done. C: set S: -200:echo:off S: -200:limit:2 S: -200:charset:iso-8859-1 S: -200:verbose:off S: -200:addonly:off S: -200:nolog:off S: -200:external:on S: 200:Done.3.6. login, logout, answer, clear, email, and xlogin3.6.1. login login [alias] The "login" command allows client users to identify themselves to the Nameserver. More specifically it identifies a client user with a particular entry in the Nameserver and allows them to change fields in that entry and possibly other entries. It is also necessary to be logged in to the Nameserver to view certain sensitive fields in the user's own entry. In order to use the "login" command the client must prompt the user for their ph alias and password. The client is then responsible for (optionally) encrypting the password and sending it to the server. This will be covered in sections 3.6.3 (answer) and 3.6.4 (clear). C: login foo S: 301:,:P"_Y$ONU%"SDUQ6&^`ZZ'?*#Y`A_.Z/A>?@SH>*-3.6.2. logout logout The "logout" command allows a user who is logged in to the Nameserver to logout. C: logout S: 200:Ok.Hedberg & Pomes Informational [Page 10] RFC 2378 The CCSO Nameserver (Ph) Architecture September 19983.6.3. answer answer encrypted-response In response to the login command, the Nameserver responds with a random challenge string. The Nameserver client encrypts the challenge with the password supplied by the user, uuencodes the result into US-ASCII, and returns the printable result in the "answer" command: C: login ppomes S: 301:.%$&.D^67$*1?<.2S@DR:Z@M*)AV-<:4QM>#R>M*HT C: answer M5K'F:NI(a?M?O2+-a9`48RA#ZF=L9)G)/XRS7Q^0>0@-R7X$WGb`50B] S: 200:ppomes:Hi how are you? The encryption algorithm is based on a three rotor Enigma engine. There are known attacks on the security of this approach. The answer command is also used to return method-specific responses to the xlogin command (section 3.6.6).3.6.4. clear clear cleartext-password The "clear" command can be used instead of the "answer" command to complete a login sequence. It's argument is the user's cleartext password. This command is supplied only to support those clients that have not implemented one of the encryption engines used by the "answer" command. It's use is strongly discouraged. C: login ppomes S: 301:E=@Y&VW^_9YVI;D5.[EB0:B)9Z#_&X$:2)/eL$VJC87 C: clear MySecret S: 200:ppomes:Hi how are you?3.6.5. email email local-userid The "email" command can also be used instead of the "answer" command to complete a login sequence. The value of local-userid is the user's login name on the local machine. If all of the following conditions are true, then the email command will be accepted by the server:Hedberg & Pomes Informational [Page 11] RFC 2378 The CCSO Nameserver (Ph) Architecture September 1998 1) The connection to the server originates on port 1023 or less on the client. Note: This is a system port. Port 1023 is not allocated to this use. 2) The canonical name of the client's host matches the right-hand side of the email address of the requested alias specified in the "login" command. 3) The "local-userid" matches the left-hand side of the email address belonging to the requested alias. This is a weak but convenient form of authentication. Depending on the information users are allowed to change about themselves and the threat environment the server operates in, this method may be appropriate. Servers should take care to avoid DNS spoofing.3.6.6. xlogin xlogin option alias Extended login command for GSS, Kerberos v4 and v5, ANSI X9.9 token devices (e.g., SNK/4), etc. The option is one of the values returned in the Authenticate field of the "siteinfo" command (section 3.2). Alias is the user's alias. C: xlogin 16 ppomes S: 301:DoKrbLogin started; send Kerberos mutual authenticator. C: answer MJa8QO1cJHYz2IdWyg7uhAnixVqgCZQBWr64ciXYku1ktdu.... S: 200:ppomes:Hi how are you? C: xlogin 4 ppomes S: 302:SNK Challenge "024142": C: answer 82344338 S: 200:ppomes:Hi how are you? The answer command returns the requested quantity, Kerberos authenticator, X9.9 device response, etc. Binary quantities are first uuencoded into US-ASCII.3.7. add add field=value... This command is used to add new entries to the database. You must be logged in and have full Hero privileges (section 1.4) to use "add". C: add name="doe john" id="123456789" alias="j-doe" S: 200:Ok.Hedberg & Pomes Informational [Page 12] RFC 2378 The CCSO Nameserver (Ph) Architecture September 19983.8. query query [field=]value [field=value] . . . [return field1 [field2]] If no field is specified together with a value then the field is assumed to be "name" and/or "nickname". When more than one field- value specification are given in a query, entries matching all specifications are returned (implicit AND). It is possible to define which fields should be returned by adding a "return" clause. If no return clause is defined the Ph server will return a default list of fields. Typical default fields are "alias", "name", "title", "email", "phone", "address", "department", "www", and "other". A return clause consists of the word "return" followed by a list of fields or the word "all". If the word "all" is used then all viewable fields will be returned. C: query name=doe name=john S: 102:There was 1 match to your request. S: -200:1: alias: j-doe S: -200:1: name: doe john S: 200:Ok.3.9. delete delete [field=]value... This command is used to delete entire entries from the database. You must be logged in and have full Hero (section 1.4) privileges to use "delete". The arguments to the "delete" command are the same as the selection part of a "query" command. "Delete" finds all the entries that match the argument(s) and deletes them. The "delete" command obeys the Nameserver "limit" option, which can be used to prevent deletion of more entries than intended. C: delete name="doe john" id="123456789" alias="j-doe" S: 200:1 entries deleted.3.10. change change [field=]value [make|force] field="value"... This command is used to change one or more fields in one or more entries to the values specified. The "change" command consists of two clauses, the "change" clause and the "make" or "force" clause.Hedberg & Pomes Informational [Page 13] RFC 2378 The CCSO Nameserver (Ph) Architecture September 1998 The "change" clause determines which entries will be affected by the command. It uses the same arguments as the selection clause of a "query" command. The "make" or "force" clause specifies which field(s) will be changed and the new value(s) of the specified field(s). The "force" clause is only used to make non-encrypted changes to fields marked "Encrypt". You must be logged in to use "change". The "change" command obeys the Nameserver "limit" option, which can be used to prevent changing the field contents of more entries than intended. C: change alias=j-doe force password=NewSecret S: 200:1 entry changed. C: set limit=500 S: 200:Done. C: change fax="(619) 555-1212" make fax="(760) 555-1212" S: 200: 113 entries changed.3.11. help help [{native|client} [topic ...]] Prints help on the Nameserver or on specific clients. If client is specified, it should be a valid Nameserver client identifier, such as "ph". The client-specific help will first be searched for topic, and then the native help will be searched. If topic is omitted, a list of all available help texts will be returned. If "native" or client are also omitted, a list of clients will be returned.C: help native 101-200:1:101:-200:1: The Nameserver echo option is set. The text of this response is-200:1: the command you just gave, which has not (yet) been executed.200:Ok.3.12. quit/exit/stop quit Terminates the session with the Nameserver and causes the client to exit. C: quit S: 200:Bye!Hedberg & Pomes Informational [Page 14] RFC 2378 The CCSO Nameserver (Ph) Architecture September 19984. Security4.1. Transport Layer In the absence of encryption between client and server, all Nameserver traffic is unsecure. Kerberos v4, v5, and the GSS-API all provide encryption mechanisms, however the Nameserver protocol does not support the means to negotiate encryption between client and server. This implies that all traffic can be seen by other machines having access to the network linking the client and server. Furthermore clear-text traffic is subject to modification in transit between client and server. Possible ways of augmenting this would be to use something like TLS [TLS] or IPSec [IPSEC].4.2. Server Authentication Unless one of the mutual authentication mechanisms is used, e.g., Kerberos 4/5 or GSS-API, there is no way to prove the identity of a server. Further, there is no mechanism to prove a given server is authoritative for a set of information.4.3. Secure User Authentication The Ph protocol allows the negotiation of several authentication protocols between client and server, some weak and some strong. It does not prohibit the use of cleartext passwords, something which should be depreciated, but is useful when dealing with some clients.4.4. Privacy and Access Lists Directory services like the CCSO white pages server that contain information on persons have to consider privacy issues. This paper describes one way of partitioning specific attributes from unwanted access by designating them visible only to the "local" community,⌨️ 快捷键说明
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