rfc2151.txt

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**NIC.DDN.MIL> cd rfc
  <CWD command successful.

**NIC.DDN.MIL> show
  <"/rfc" is current directory.

**NIC.DDN.MIL> dir rfc173*.txt



Kessler &  Shepard           Informational                     [Page 18]

RFC 2151          Internet & TCP/IP Tools & Utilities          June 1997


  <Opening ASCII mode data connection for /bin/ls.
  -rw-r--r--  1 nic      10         156660 Dec 20  1994 rfc1730.txt
  -rw-r--r--  1 nic      10          11433 Dec 20  1994 rfc1731.txt
  -rw-r--r--  1 nic      10           9276 Dec 20  1994 rfc1732.txt
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  -rw-r--r--  1 nic      10          22415 Feb  8  1995 rfc1736.txt
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  -rw-r--r--  1 nic      10          51348 Dec 15  1994 rfc1738.txt
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  SMCVAX$
  ====================================================================

5. User Database Lookup Tools

   Finding other users on the Internet is an art, not a science.
   Although there is a distributed database listing all of the 16+
   million hosts on the Internet, no similar database yet exists for the
   tens of millions of users. While many commercial ISPs provide
   directories of the users of their network, these databases are not
   yet linked. The paragraphs below will discuss some of the tools
   available for finding users on the Internet.

5.1. WHOIS/NICNAME

   WHOIS and NICNAME are TCP/IP applications that search databases to
   find the name of network and system administrators, RFC authors,
   system and network points-of-contact, and other individuals who are
   registered in appropriate databases. The original NICNAME/WHOIS
   protocol is described in RFC 954 [10].

   WHOIS may be accessed by TELNETing to an appropriate WHOIS server and
   logging in as whois (no password is required); the most common
   Internet name server is located at the Internet Network Information
   Center (InterNIC) at rs.internic.net. This specific database only



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RFC 2151          Internet & TCP/IP Tools & Utilities          June 1997


   contains INTERNET domains, IP network numbers, and domain points of
   contact; policies governing the InterNIC database are described in
   RFC 1400 [31].  The MILNET database resides at nic.ddn.mil and PSI's
   White Pages pilot service is located at psi.com.

   Many software packages contain a WHOIS/NICNAME client that
   automatically establishes the TELNET connection to a default name
   server database, although users can usually specify any name server
   database that they want.

   The accompanying dialogues shows several types of WHOIS/NICNAME
   information queries. In the session below, we request information
   about an individual (Denis Stratford) by using WHOIS locally, a
   specific domain (hill.com) by using NICNAME locally, and a network
   address (199.182.20.0) and high-level domain (com) using TELNET to a
   WHOIS server.

  ====================================================================

**SMCVAX$ whois stratford, denis
  Stratford, Denis (DS378)      denis@@SMCVAX.SMCVT.EDU
     St. Michael's College
     Jemery Hall, Room 274
     Winooski Park
     Colchester, VT 05439
     [phone]

     Record last updated on 02-Nov-92.
  SMCVAX$


**C:> nicname hill.com
  [198.41.0.5]
  Hill Associates (HILL-DOM)
     17 Roosevelt Hwy.
     Colchester, Vermont 05446
     US

     Domain Name: HILL.COM

     Administrative Contact:
        Kessler, Gary C.  (GK34)  [e-mail]
        802-655-0940
     Technical Contact, Zone Contact:
        Monaghan, Carol A.  (CAM4)  [e-mail]
        802-655-0940





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RFC 2151          Internet & TCP/IP Tools & Utilities          June 1997


     Billing Contact:
        Parry, Amy  (AP1257)  [e-mail]
        802-655-0940

     Record last updated on 11-Jun-96.
     Record created on 11-Jan-93.

     Domain servers in listed order:

     SYRUP.HILL.COM            199.182.20.3
     NS1.NOC.NETCOM.NET        204.31.1.1


**C:> telnet rs.internic.net
  SunOS UNIX 4.1 (rs1) (ttypb)

  ***********************************************************************
  * -- InterNIC Registration Services Center  --
  *
  * For wais, type:                    WAIS <search string> <return>
  * For the *original* whois type:     WHOIS [search string] <return>
  * For referral whois type:           RWHOIS [search string] <return>
  *
  **********************************************************************
  Please be advised that use constitutes consent to monitoring
  (Elec Comm Priv Act, 18 USC 2701-2711)

**[vt220] InterNIC > whois
  InterNIC WHOIS Version: 1.2 Wed, 18 Sep 96 09:49:50

**Whois: 199.182.20.0
  Hill Associates (NET-HILLASSC)
     17 Roosevelt Highway
     Colchester, VT  05446

     Netname: HILLASSC
     Netnumber: 199.182.20.0

     Coordinator:
        Monaghan, Carol A.  (CAM4)  [e-mail]
        802-655-0940

     Record last updated on 17-May-94.








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RFC 2151          Internet & TCP/IP Tools & Utilities          June 1997


**Whois: com-dom
  Commercial top-level domain (COM-DOM)
     Network Solutions, Inc.
     505 Huntmar park Dr.
     Herndon, VA 22070

     Domain Name: COM

     Administrative Contact, Technical Contact, Zone Contact:
        Network Solutions, Inc.  (HOSTMASTER)  [e-mail]
        [phone] (FAX) [phone]

     Record last updated on 02-Sep-94.
     Record created on 01-Jan-85.

     Domain servers in listed order:

     A.ROOT-SERVERS.NET           198.41.0.4
     H.ROOT-SERVERS.NET           128.63.2.53
     B.ROOT-SERVERS.NET           128.9.0.107
     C.ROOT-SERVERS.NET           192.33.4.12
     D.ROOT-SERVERS.NET           128.8.10.90
     E.ROOT-SERVERS.NET           192.203.230.10
     I.ROOT-SERVERS.NET           192.36.148.17
     F.ROOT-SERVERS.NET           192.5.5.241
     G.ROOT-SERVERS.NET           192.112.36.4

**Would you like to see the known domains under this top-level domain? n

**Whois: exit

**[vt220] InterNIC > quit

  Wed Sep 18 09:50:29 1996 EST

  Connection #0 closed
  C:>
  ====================================================================













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RFC 2151          Internet & TCP/IP Tools & Utilities          June 1997


5.2. KNOWBOT

   KNOWBOT is an automated username database search tool that is related
   to WHOIS. The Knowbot Information Service (KIS), operated by the
   Corporation for National Research Initiatives (CNRI) in Reston,
   Virginia, provides a simple WHOIS-like interface that allows users to
   query several Internet user databases (White Pages services) all at
   one time. A single KIS query will automatically search the InterNIC,
   MILNET, MCImail, and PSI White Pages Pilot Project; other databases
   may also be included.

   KNOWBOT may be accessed by TELNETing to host info.cnri.reston.va.us.
   The help command will supply sufficient information to get started.
   The sample dialogue below shows use of the query command to locate a
   user named "Steven Shepard"; this command automatically starts a
   search through the default set of Internet databases.

  ====================================================================
**C:> telnet info.cnri.reston.va.us

                  Knowbot Information Service

  KIS Client (V2.0).    Copyright CNRI 1990.    All Rights Reserved.

  KIS searches various Internet directory services
  to find someone's street address, email address and phone number.

  Type 'man' at the prompt for a complete reference with examples.
  Type 'help' for a quick reference to commands.
  Type 'news' for information about recent changes.

  Please enter your email address in our guest book...
**(Your email address?) > [e-mail]

**> query shepard, steven
  Trying whois at ds.internic.net...
  The ds.internic.net whois server is being queried:
  Nothing returned.

  The rs.internic.net whois server is being queried:

  Shepard, Steven (SS2192)  708-810-5215
  Shepard, Steven (SS1302)  [e-mail]  (954)  974-4569








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RFC 2151          Internet & TCP/IP Tools & Utilities          June 1997


  The nic.ddn.mil whois server is being queried:

  Shepard, Steven (SS2192)
     R.R. Donnelley & Sons
     750 Warrenville Road
     Lisle, IL 60532
  Trying mcimail at cnri.reston.va.us...
  Trying ripe at whois.ripe.net...
  Trying whois at whois.lac.net...

  No match found for .SHEPARD,STEVEN

**> quit
  KIS exiting
  Connection #0 closed
  C:>
  ====================================================================

6. Information Servers

   File transfer, remote login, and electronic mail remained the primary
   applications of the ARPANET/Internet until the early 1990s. But as
   the Internet user population shifted from hard-core computer
   researchers and academics to more casual users, easier-to-use tools
   were needed for the Net to become accepted as a useful resource. That
   means making things easier to find. This section will discuss some of
   the early tools that made it easier to locate and access information
   on the Internet.

6.1. Archie

   Archie, developed in 1992 at the Computer Science Department at
   McGill University in Montreal, allows users to find software, data,
   and other information files that reside at anonymous FTP archive
   sites; the name of the program, reportedly, is derived from the word
   "archive" and not from the comic book character. Archie tracks the
   contents of several thousand anonymous FTP sites containing millions
   of files. The archie server automatically updates the information