bookbuyeragent.java

JADE实例——多Agent系统展示(图书交易系统)

package bookTrading.buyer;

import jade.content.ContentElementList;
import jade.content.ContentManager;
import jade.content.lang.Codec;
import jade.content.lang.Codec.CodecException;
import jade.content.lang.sl.SLCodec;
import jade.content.onto.Ontology;
import jade.content.onto.OntologyException;
import jade.content.onto.basic.Action;
import jade.core.Agent;
import jade.core.AID;
import jade.core.behaviours.*;
import jade.lang.acl.*;
import jade.proto.ContractNetInitiator;
import jade.domain.*;
import jade.domain.FIPAAgentManagement.*;
import jade.util.leap.ArrayList;

import java.util.Vector;
import java.util.Date;

import bookTrading.ontology.*;

public class BookBuyerAgent extends Agent {
	// The list of known seller agents
	private Vector<AID> sellerAgents = new Vector<AID>();
	// The GUI to interact with the user
	private BookBuyerGui myGui;
	
	private Codec codec = new SLCodec();
	private Ontology ontology = BookTradingOntology.getInstance();
	
	/**
	* Agent initializations
	*/
	protected void setup() {
		getContentManager().registerLanguage(codec);
		getContentManager().registerOntology(ontology);
		
		// Enable O2A communication
		setEnabledO2ACommunication(true, 0);
		
		// Add the behaviour serving notifications from the external system
		addBehaviour(new CyclicBehaviour(this) {
			public void action() {
				BookInfo info = (BookInfo) myAgent.getO2AObject();
				if (info != null) {
					purchase(info.getTitle(),
							info.getBestPrice(), 
							info.getMaxPrice(),
							info.getDeadline());
				}
				else {
					block();
				}
			}
		});
		
		// Update the list of seller agents every minute
		addBehaviour(new TickerBehaviour(this, 60000) {
			protected void onTick() {
				// Update the list of seller agents
				DFAgentDescription template = new DFAgentDescription();
				ServiceDescription sd = new ServiceDescription();
				sd.setType("Book-selling");
				template.addServices(sd);
				try {
					DFAgentDescription[] result = DFService.search(
							myAgent, template);
					sellerAgents.clear();
					for (int i = 0; i < result.length; ++i) {
						sellerAgents.addElement(result[i].getName());
					}
				}
				catch (FIPAException fe) {
					fe.printStackTrace();
				}
			}			
		} );
		
		// Show the GUI to interact with the user
		myGui = new BookBuyerGuiImpl(this);
		myGui.show();
		
		// Printout a welcome message
		System.out.println("Buyer-agent " + getAID().getName()
				+ " is ready.");
	}
	
	/**
	* Agent clean-up
	*/
	protected void takeDown() {
		// Dispose the GUI if it is there
		if (myGui != null) {
			myGui.dispose();
		}
		// Printout a dismissal message
		System.out.println("Buyer-agent " + getAID().getName()
				+ " terminated.");
	}
	
	/**
	* This method is called by the GUI when the user inserts a new
	* book to buy
	* @param title The title of the book to buy
	* @param maxPrice The maximum acceptable price to buy the book
	* @param deadline The deadline by which to buy the book
	*/
	public void purchase(String title, float bestPrice, float maxPrice, Date deadline) {
		// To be implemented
		addBehaviour(new PurchaseManager(this,
				title, bestPrice, maxPrice, deadline));
	}
	
	private class PurchaseManager extends TickerBehaviour{
		private String title;
		private float maxPrice, deltaP;
		private long deadline, initTime, deltaT;
		
		public PurchaseManager(Agent a, String t, float bp, float mp, Date d){
			super(a, 60000);	// tick every minute
			title = t;
			maxPrice = mp;
			deltaP = mp - bp;
			deadline = d.getTime();
			initTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
			deltaT = deadline - initTime;
		}
		
		public void onTick(){
			long currentTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
			if(currentTime > deadline){
				// Deadline expired
				myGui.notifyUser("Cannot buy book:" + title);
				stop();
			} else {
				// Compute the currently acceptable price and start a negotiation
				long elapsedTime = currentTime - initTime;
				float acceptablePrice = maxPrice - deltaP * (1 - (float)((double)elapsedTime / (double)deltaT));
				myAgent.addBehaviour(new BookNegotiator(title, acceptablePrice, this));
			}
		}
	}
	
	/**
	 * Inner class BookNegotiator.
	 * This is the behaviour used by Book-buyer agents to actually
	 * negotiate with seller agents the purchase of a book.
	 */
	private class BookNegotiator extends ContractNetInitiator {
		private String title;
		private float maxPrice;
		private PurchaseManager manager;
		
		public BookNegotiator(String t, float p, PurchaseManager m){
			super(null, null);
			title = t;
			maxPrice = p;
			manager = m;
		}
		
		protected Vector prepareCfps(ACLMessage cfp) {
			try {
				ContentManager cm = myAgent.getContentManager();
				
				ContentElementList cel = new ContentElementList();
				Book book = new Book();
				book.setTitle(title);
				book.setAuthors(new ArrayList());
				Sell sellAction = new Sell();
				sellAction.setItem(book);
				cel.add(new Action(getAID(), sellAction));
				
				cfp = new ACLMessage(ACLMessage.CFP);
				cfp.setLanguage(codec.getName());
				cfp.setOntology(ontology.getName());
				cfp.setProtocol(FIPANames.InteractionProtocol.FIPA_CONTRACT_NET);
				cm.fillContent(cfp, cel);
			}
			catch (OntologyException oe) {
				oe.printStackTrace();
				cfp.setPerformative(ACLMessage.NOT_UNDERSTOOD);
				myGui.notifyUser("Call for proposal about Book "
						+ title + " can't be understood.");
			}
			catch (CodecException ce) {
				ce.printStackTrace();
				cfp.setPerformative(ACLMessage.NOT_UNDERSTOOD);
				myGui.notifyUser("Call for proposal about Book "
						+ title + " can't be understood.");
			}
			
			if (cfp.getPerformative() == ACLMessage.CFP) {
				Vector v = new Vector();
				for (int i = 0; i < sellerAgents.size(); ++i) {
					cfp.addReceiver((AID)sellerAgents.get(i));
				}				
				v.add(cfp);
				return v;
			}
			else {
				return null;
			}			
		}
		
		protected void handleAllResponses(Vector responses,
				Vector acceptances) {
			ACLMessage bestOffer = null;
			float bestPrice = -1;
			
			ContentManager cm = myAgent.getContentManager();
			for (int i = 0; i < responses.size(); ++i) {
				ACLMessage rsp = (ACLMessage) responses.get(i);
				if (rsp.getPerformative() == ACLMessage.PROPOSE) {
					try {
						ContentElementList cel =
							(ContentElementList)cm.extractContent(rsp);
						Costs costs = (Costs)cel.get(1);
						float price = costs.getPrice();
						if (bestOffer == null || price < bestPrice) {
							bestOffer = rsp;
							bestPrice = price;
						}
					}
					catch (OntologyException oe) {
						oe.printStackTrace();
						myGui.notifyUser("proposal about Book "
								+ title + " from " + rsp.getSender()
								+ " can't be understood.");
					}
					catch (CodecException ce) {
						ce.printStackTrace();
						myGui.notifyUser("proposal about Book "
								+ title + " from " + rsp.getSender()
								+ " can't be understood.");
					}					
				}
			}
			
			if (bestOffer != null && bestPrice <= maxPrice) {
				ACLMessage accept = bestOffer.createReply();
				accept.setPerformative(ACLMessage.ACCEPT_PROPOSAL);
				accept.setContent(bestOffer.getContent());
				acceptances.add(accept);
			}
		}
		
		protected void handleInform(ACLMessage inform) {
			// Book successfully purchased
			try {
				ContentManager cm = myAgent.getContentManager();
				ContentElementList cel =
					(ContentElementList)cm.extractContent(inform);
				Costs costs = (Costs)cel.get(1);
				float price = costs.getPrice();
				myGui.notifyUser("Book " + title
						+ " successfully purchased. Price = " + price);
				manager.stop();
			}
			catch (OntologyException oe) {
				oe.printStackTrace();
				myGui.notifyUser("inform about Book "
						+ title + " from " + inform.getSender()
						+ " can't be understood.");
			}
			catch (CodecException ce) {
				ce.printStackTrace();
				myGui.notifyUser("inform about Book "
						+ title + " from " + inform.getSender()
						+ " can't be understood.");
			}
		}
	} // End of inner class BookNegotiator
	
	/*private class BookNegotiator extends Behaviour{
		private String title;
		private float maxPrice;
		private PurchaseManager manager;
		
		private AID bestSeller;	// The seller agent who provides the best offer
		private float bestPrice;	//The best offered price
		private float repliesCnt = 0;	// The counter of replies from seller agents
		private MessageTemplate mt;	// The template to receive replies
		private int step = 0;
		
		public BookNegotiator(String t, float p, PurchaseManager m){
			super(null);
			title = t;
			maxPrice = p;
			manager = m;
		}
		
		public void action() {
			switch (step) {
			case 0:
				// Send the cfp to all sellers
			    ACLMessage cfp = new ACLMessage(ACLMessage.CFP);
			    for (int i = 0; i < sellerAgents.size(); ++i) {
			    	cfp.addReceiver(sellerAgents.get(i));
			    }
			    cfp.setContent(title);
			    cfp.setConversationId("book-trade");
			    cfp.setReplyWith("cfp" + System.currentTimeMillis());	// Unique value
			    myAgent.send(cfp);
			    // Prepare the template to get proposals
			    mt = MessageTemplate.and(
			    		MessageTemplate.MatchConversationId("book-trade"),
			    		MessageTemplate.MatchInReplyTo(cfp.getReplyWith()));
			    step = 1;
			    break;
			case 1:
				// Receive all proposals/refusals from seller agents
				ACLMessage reply = myAgent.receive(mt);
				if (reply != null) {
					// Reply received
					if (reply.getPerformative() == ACLMessage.PROPOSE) {
						// This is an offer
						float price = Float.parseFloat(reply.getContent());
						if (bestSeller == null || price < bestPrice) {
							// This is the best offer at present
							bestPrice = price;
							bestSeller = reply.getSender();
						}
					}
					repliesCnt++;
					if (repliesCnt >= sellerAgents.size()) {
						// We received all replies
						step = 2;
					}
				}
				else {
					block();
				}
				break;
			case 2:
				if (bestSeller != null && bestPrice <= maxPrice) {
					// Send the purchase order to the seller that provided the best offer
					ACLMessage order = new ACLMessage(ACLMessage.ACCEPT_PROPOSAL);
					order.addReceiver(bestSeller);
					order.setContent(title);
					order.setConversationId("book-trade");
					order.setReplyWith("order" + System.currentTimeMillis());
					myAgent.send(order);
					// Prepare the template to get the purchase order reply
					mt = MessageTemplate.and(
							MessageTemplate.MatchConversationId("book-trade"),
							MessageTemplate.MatchInReplyTo(order.getReplyWith()));
					step = 3;
				}
				else {
					// If we received no acceptable proposals, terminate
					step = 4;
				}
				break;
			case 3:
				// Receive the purchase order reply
				reply = myAgent.receive(mt);
				if (reply != null) {
					// Purchase order reply received
					if (reply.getPerformative() == ACLMessage.INFORM) {
						// Purchase successful. We can terminate
						myGui.notifyUser("Book " + title
								+ " successfully purchased."
								+	"price = " + bestPrice);
						manager.stop();
					}
					step = 4;
				}
				else {
					block();
				}
				break;
			}
		}
			
		public boolean done() {
			return step == 4;
		}
	} // End of inner class BookNegotiator
*/	
}