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软件工程方面的好书

        </p>
        <ul>
            <li>Deployment of .WAR files copied into the Host <code>appBase</code>.</li>
            <li>
                Deployment of exploded web applications which are
                copied into the Host <code>appBase</code>.
            </li>
            <li>
                Re-deployment of a web application which has already been deployed from
                a .WAR when the new .WAR is provided. In this case the exploded 
                web application is removed, and the .WAR is expanded again. 
                Note that the explosion will not occur if the Host is configured 
                so that .WARs are not exploded with a <code>unpackWARs</code>
                attribute set to "false", in which case the web application 
                will be simply redeployed as a compressed archive.
            </li>
            <li>
                Re-deployment of a web application if the /WEB-INF/web.xml file (or any
                other resource defined as a WatchedResource) is updated.
            </li>
            <li>
                Re-deployment of a web application if the Context Descriptor file from which
                the web application has been deployed is updated.
            </li>
            <li>
                Re-deployment of a web application if a Context Descriptor file (with a
                filename corresponding to the Context path of the previously deployed
                web application) is added to the 
                <code>$CATALINA_HOME/conf/[enginename]/[hostname]/</code>
                directory.
            </li>
            <li>
                Undeployment of a web application if its document base (docBase)
                is deleted. Note that on Windows, this assumes that anti-locking 
                features (see Context configuration) are enabled, otherwise it is not 
                possible to delete the resources of a running web application.
            </li>
        </ul>
        <p>
            Note that web application reloading can also be configured in the loader, in which
            case loaded classes will be tracked for changes.
        </p>
    </blockquote></td></tr></table><table cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font face="arial,helvetica.sanserif" color="#ffffff"><a name="Deploying using the Tomcat Manager"><strong>Deploying using the Tomcat Manager</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
        <p>
            The Tomcat Manager is covered in its <a href="manager-howto.html">own manual page</a>. 
        </p>
    </blockquote></td></tr></table><table cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font face="arial,helvetica.sanserif" color="#ffffff"><a name="Deploying using the Client Deployer Package"><strong>Deploying using the Client Deployer Package</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
        <p>
            Finally, deployment of web application may be achieved using the 
            Tomcat Client Deployer. This is a package which can be used to 
            validate, compile, compress to .WAR, and deploy web applications to 
            production or development Tomcat servers. It should be noted that this feature 
            uses the Tomcat Manager and as such the target Tomcat server should be
            running.
        </p>
    
        <p>
            It is assumed the user will be familar with Apache Ant for using the TCD.
            Apache Ant is a scripted build tool. The TCD comes pre-packaged with a
            build script to use. Only a modest understanding of Apache Ant is
            required (installation as listed earlier in this page, and familiarity
            with using the operating system command shell and configuring
            environment variables).
        </p>
        
        <p>
            The TCD includes Ant tasks, the Jasper page compiler for JSP compilation 
            before deployment, as well as a task which
            validates the web application Context Descriptor. The validator task (class
            <code>org.apache.catalina.ant.ValidatorTask</code>) allows only one parameter:
            the base path of an exploded web application.
        </p>
    
        <p>
            The TCD uses an exploded web application as input (see the list of the
            properties used below). A web application that is programatically 
            deployed with the deployer may include a Context Desciptor in 
            <code>/META-INF/context.xml</code>.
        </p>
    
        <p>
            The TCD includes a ready-to-use Ant script, with the following targets:
        </p>
        <ul>
            <li>
                <code>compile</code> (default): Compile and validate the web 
                application. This can be used standalone, and does not need a running
                Tomcat server. The compiled application will only run on the associated
                Tomcat 5.5.x server release, and is not guaranteed to work on another
                Tomcat release, as the code generated by Jasper depends on its runtime
                component. It should also be noted that this target will also compile
                automatically any Java source file located in the 
                <code>/WEB-INF/classes</code> folder of the web application.</li>
            <li>
                <code>deploy</code>: Deploy a web application (compiled or not) to 
                a Tomcat server.
            </li>
            <li><code>undeploy</code>: Undeploy a web application</li>
            <li><code>start</code>: Start web application</li>
            <li><code>reload</code>: Reload web application</li>
            <li><code>stop</code>: Stop web application</li>
        </ul>
        
        <p>
            In order for the deployment to be configured, create a file
            called <code>deployer.properties</code> in the TCD installation
            directory root. In this file, add the following name=value pairs per
            line:
        </p>
        
        <p>
            Additionally, you will need to ensure that a user has been 
            setup for the target Tomcat Manager (which TCD uses) otherwise the TCD
            will not authenticate with the Tomcat Manager and the deployment will
            fail. To do this, see the Tomcat Manager page.        
        </p>
        
        <ul>
            <li>
                <code>build</code>: The build folder used will be, by default, 
                <code>${build}/webapp/${path}</code>. After the end of the execution
                of the <code>compile</code> target, the web application .WAR will be
                located at <code>${build}/webapp/${path}.war</code>.
            </li>
            <li>
                <code>webapp</code>: The directory containing the exploded web application 
                which will be compiled and validated. By default, the folder is
                <code>myapp</code>.
            </li>
            <li>
                <code>path</code>: Deployed context path of the web application, 
                by default <code>/myapp</code>.
            </li>
            <li>
                <code>url</code>: Absolute URL to the Tomcat Manager web application of a 
                running Tomcat server, which will be used to deploy and undeploy the
                web application. By default, the deployer will attempt to access 
                a Tomcat instance running on localhost, at 
                <code>http://localhost:8080/manager</code>.
            </li>
            <li>
                <code>username</code>: Tomcat Manager username (user should have a role of
                manager)
            </li>
            <li><code>password</code>: Tomcat Manager password.</li>
        </ul>
    </blockquote></td></tr></table></td></tr><!--FOOTER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr size="1" noshade="noshade"></td></tr><!--PAGE FOOTER--><tr><td colspan="2"><div align="center"><font size="-1" color="#525D76"><em>
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        </em></font></div></td></tr></table></body></html>