📄 manual.html
字号:
<html><head><META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"><title>The Apache Tomcat 5.5 Servlet/JSP Container - Tomcat Web Application Deployment</title><meta value="Allistair Crossley" name="author"><meta value="" name="email"></head><body vlink="#525D76" alink="#525D76" link="#525D76" text="#000000" bgcolor="#ffffff"><table cellspacing="0" width="100%" border="0"><!--PAGE HEADER--><tr><td><!--PROJECT LOGO--><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/"><img border="0" alt="
The Apache Tomcat Servlet/JSP Container
" align="right" src="./../images/tomcat.gif"></a></td><td><font face="arial,helvetica,sanserif"><h1>The Apache Tomcat 5.5 Servlet/JSP Container</h1></font></td><td><!--APACHE LOGO--><a href="http://www.apache.org/"><img border="0" alt="Apache Logo" align="right" src="./../images/asf-logo.gif"></a></td></tr></table><table cellspacing="4" width="100%" border="0"><!--HEADER SEPARATOR--><tr><td colspan="2"><hr size="1" noshade="noshade"></td></tr><tr><!--RIGHT SIDE MAIN BODY--><td align="left" valign="top" width="80%"><table cellspacing="4" width="100%" border="0"><tr><td valign="top" align="left"><h1>The Apache Tomcat 5.5 Servlet/JSP Container</h1><h2>Tomcat Web Application Deployment</h2></td><td nowrap="true" valign="top" align="right"><img border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" height="1" width="1" src="./../images/void.gif"></td></tr></table><table cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font face="arial,helvetica.sanserif" color="#ffffff"><a name="Table of Contents"><strong>Table of Contents</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
<ul>
<li><a href="#Introduction">Introduction</a></li>
<li><a href="#Installation">Installation</a></li>
<li><a href="#A word on Contexts">A word on Contexts</a></li>
<li><a href="#Deployment on Tomcat startup">Deployment on Tomcat startup</a></li>
<li><a href="#Deploying on a running Tomcat server">Deploying on a running Tomcat server</a></li>
<li><a href="#Deploying using the Tomcat Manager">Deploying using the Tomcat Manager</a></li>
<li><a href="#Deploying using the Client Deployer Package">Deploying using
the Tomcat Client Deployer</a></li>
</ul>
</blockquote></td></tr></table><table cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font face="arial,helvetica.sanserif" color="#ffffff"><a name="Introduction"><strong>Introduction</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
<p>
Deployment is the term used for the process of installing a web
application (either a 3rd party WAR or your own custom web application)
into the Tomcat server.
</p>
<p>
Web application deployment may be accomplished in a number of ways
within the Tomcat server.
<ul>
<li>Statically; the web application is setup before Tomcat is started</li>
<li>
Dynamically; in conjunction with the Tomcat Manager web application or
manipulating already deployed web applications
</li>
</ul>
</p>
<p>
The Tomcat Manager is a tool that allows URL-based web application
deployment features. There is also a tool called the Client Deployer,
which is a command shell based script that interacts with the Tomcat
Manager but provides additional functionality such as compiling and
validating web applications as well as packaging web application into
web application resource (WAR) files.
</p>
</blockquote></td></tr></table><table cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font face="arial,helvetica.sanserif" color="#ffffff"><a name="Installation"><strong>Installation</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
<p>
There is no installation required for static deployment of web
applications as this is provided out of the box by Tomcat. Nor is any
installation required for deployment functions with the Tomcat Manager,
although some configuration is required as detailed in the
Tomcat Manager manual. An installation is however required if you wish
to use the Tomcat Client Deployer (TCD).
</p>
<p>
The TCD is not packaged with the Tomcat core
distribution, and must therefore be downloaded separately from
the Downloads area. The download is usually labelled
<i>jakarta-tomcat-5.5.x-deployer</i>.
</p>
<p>
TCD has prerequisites of Apache Ant 1.6.2+ and a Java installation.
Your environment should define an ANT_HOME environment value pointing to
the root of your Ant installation, and a JAVA_HOME value pointing to
your Java installation. Additionally, you should ensure Ant's ant
command, and the Java javac compiler command run from the command shell
that your operating system provides.
</p>
<ol>
<li>Download the TCD distribution</li>
<li>
The TCD package need not be extracted into any existing Tomcat
installation, it can be extracted to any location.
</li>
<li>Read Using the <a href="#Deploying using the Client Deployer Package">
Tomcat Client Deployer</a></li>
</ol>
</blockquote></td></tr></table><table cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font face="arial,helvetica.sanserif" color="#ffffff"><a name="A word on Contexts"><strong>A word on Contexts</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
<p>
In talking about deployment of web applications, the concept of a
<i>Context</i> is required to be understood. A Context is what Tomcat
calls a web application.
</p>
<p>
In order to configure a Context within Tomcat a <i>Context Descriptor</i>
is required. A Context Descriptor is simply an XML file that contains
Tomcat related configuration for a Context, e.g naming resources or
session manager configuration. In earlier versions of
Tomcat the content of a Context Descriptor configuration was often stored within
Tomcat's primary configuration file <i>server.xml</i> but this is now
discouraged (although it currently still works).
</p>
<p>
Context Descriptors not only help Tomcat to know how to configure
Contexts but other tools such as the Tomcat Manager and TDC often use
these Context Descriptors to perform their roles properly.
</p>
<p>
The locations for Context Descriptors are;
<ol>
<li>$CATALINA_HOME/conf/[enginename]/[hostname]/context.xml</li>
<li>$CATALINA_HOME/webapps/[webappname]/META-INF/context.xml</li>
</ol>
Files in (1) are named [webappname].xml but files in (2) are named
context.xml. If a Context Descriptor is not provided for a Context,
Tomcat configures the Context using default values.
</p>
</blockquote></td></tr></table><table cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font face="arial,helvetica.sanserif" color="#ffffff"><a name="Deployment on Tomcat startup"><strong>Deployment on Tomcat startup</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
<p>
If you are not interested in using the Tomcat Manager, or TCD,
then you'll need to deploy your web applications
statically to Tomcat, followed by a Tomcat startup. The location you
deploy web applications to for this type of deployment is called the
<code>appBase</code> which is specified per Host. You either copy a
so-called <i>exploded web application</i>, i.e non-compressed, to this
location, or a compressed web application resource .WAR file.
</p>
<p>
The web applications present in the location specified by the Host's
(default Host is "localhost") <code>appBase</code> attribute (default
appBase is "$CATALINA_HOME/webapps") will be deployed on Tomcat startup
only if the Host's <code>deployOnStartup</code> attribute is "true".
</p>
<p>
The following deployment sequence will occur on Tomcat startup in that
case:
</p>
<ol>
<li>Any Context Descriptors will be deployed first.</li>
<li>
Exploded web applications not referenced by any Context
Descriptor will then be deployed. If they have an associated
.WAR file in the appBase and it is newer than the exploded web application,
the exploded directory will be removed and the webapp will be
redeployed from the .WAR
</li>
<li>.WAR files will be deployed</li>
</ol>
<p>
Note again that for each deployed web application, a
Context Descriptor will be created <i>unless one exists already</i>.
</p>
</blockquote></td></tr></table><table cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" border="0"><tr><td bgcolor="#525D76"><font face="arial,helvetica.sanserif" color="#ffffff"><a name="Deploying on a running Tomcat server"><strong>Deploying on a running Tomcat server</strong></a></font></td></tr><tr><td><blockquote>
<p>
It is possible to deploy web applications to a running Tomcat server.
</p>
<p>
If the Host <code>autoDeploy</code> attribute is "true", the Host will
attempt to deploy and update web applications dynamically, as needed,
for example if a new .WAR is dropped into the <code>appBase</code>.
For this to work, the Host needs to have background processing
enabled which is the default configuration.
</p>
<p>
<code>autoDeploy</code> set to "true" and a running Tomcat allows for:
⌨️ 快捷键说明
复制代码
Ctrl + C
搜索代码
Ctrl + F
全屏模式
F11
切换主题
Ctrl + Shift + D
显示快捷键
?
增大字号
Ctrl + =
减小字号
Ctrl + -