pid-identifier.sh

Shall高级编程

#!/bin/bash
# pid-identifier.sh:
# Gives complete path name to process associated with pid.

ARGNO=1  # Number of arguments the script expects.
E_WRONGARGS=65
E_BADPID=66
E_NOSUCHPROCESS=67
E_NOPERMISSION=68
PROCFILE=exe

if [ $# -ne $ARGNO ]
then
  echo "Usage: `basename $0` PID-number" >&2  # Error message >stderr.
  exit $E_WRONGARGS
fi  

pidno=$( ps ax | grep $1 | awk '{ print $1 }' | grep $1 )
# Checks for pid in "ps" listing, field #1.
# Then makes sure it is the actual process, not the process invoked by this script.
# The last "grep $1" filters out this possibility.
#
#    pidno=$( ps ax | awk '{ print $1 }' | grep $1 )
#    also works, as Teemu Huovila, points out.

if [ -z "$pidno" ]  #  If, after all the filtering, the result is a zero-length string,
then                #+ no running process corresponds to the pid given.
  echo "No such process running."
  exit $E_NOSUCHPROCESS
fi  

# Alternatively:
#   if ! ps $1 > /dev/null 2>&1
#   then                # no running process corresponds to the pid given.
#     echo "No such process running."
#     exit $E_NOSUCHPROCESS
#    fi

# To simplify the entire process, use "pidof".


if [ ! -r "/proc/$1/$PROCFILE" ]  # Check for read permission.
then
  echo "Process $1 running, but..."
  echo "Can't get read permission on /proc/$1/$PROCFILE."
  exit $E_NOPERMISSION  # Ordinary user can't access some files in /proc.
fi  

# The last two tests may be replaced by:
#    if ! kill -0 $1 > /dev/null 2>&1 # '0' is not a signal, but
                                      # this will test whether it is possible
                                      # to send a signal to the process.
#    then echo "PID doesn't exist or you're not its owner" >&2
#    exit $E_BADPID
#    fi



exe_file=$( ls -l /proc/$1 | grep "exe" | awk '{ print $11 }' )
# Or       exe_file=$( ls -l /proc/$1/exe | awk '{print $11}' )
#
#  /proc/pid-number/exe is a symbolic link
#+ to the complete path name of the invoking process.

if [ -e "$exe_file" ]  #  If /proc/pid-number/exe exists,
then                   #+ then the corresponding process exists.
  echo "Process #$1 invoked by $exe_file."
else
  echo "No such process running."
fi  


#  This elaborate script can *almost* be replaced by
#       ps ax | grep $1 | awk '{ print $5 }'
#  However, this will not work...
#+ because the fifth field of 'ps' is argv[0] of the process,
#+ not the executable file path.
#
# However, either of the following would work.
#       find /proc/$1/exe -printf '%l\n'
#       lsof -aFn -p $1 -d txt | sed -ne 's/^n//p'

# Additional commentary by Stephane Chazelas.

exit 0