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<h1>XML Primer</h1>
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<p class="intro">XML was designed to describe data and to focus on what data is.</p>
<p class="intro">HTML was designed to display data and to focus on how data looks.</p>
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<hr />
<h2>What is XML?</h2>
<ul>
<li>XML stands for E<b>X</b>tensible <b>M</b>arkup <b>L</b>anguage</li>
<li>XML is a <b>markup language</b> much like HTML</li>
<li>XML was designed to <b> describe data</b></li>
<li>XML tags are not predefined. You must <b> define your own tags</b></li>
<li>XML uses a <b>Document Type Definition</b> (DTD) or an <b>XML Schema</b>
to describe the data</li>
<li>XML with a DTD or XML Schema is designed to be <b>self-descriptive</b></li>
<li>XML is a <b>W3C Recommendation</b></li>
</ul>
<hr />
<h2>The Main Difference between XML and HTML</h2>
<p><b>XML was designed to carry data.</b></p>
<p>XML is not a replacement for HTML.<br />
XML and HTML were designed with different goals:</p>
<p>
XML was designed to describe
data and to focus on what data is.<br />
HTML was
designed to display data and to focus on how data looks.</p>
<p>HTML is about displaying information, while XML is about describing
information.</p>
<hr />
<h2>XML Does not DO Anything</h2>
<p><b>XML was not designed to DO anything.</b></p>
<p>Maybe it is a little hard to understand, but XML does not DO anything.
XML was created to structure, store and to send
information.</p>
<p>The following example is a note to Tove from Jani, stored as XML:</p>
<table width="100%" border="1" class="ex" cellspacing="0" id="table1">
<tr>
<td>
<pre><note>
<to>Tove</to>
<from>Jani</from>
<heading>Reminder</heading>
<body>Don't forget me this weekend!</body>
</note></pre>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<p>The note has a header and a message body. It also has sender and receiver
information. But still, this XML document does not DO anything. It is just pure
information wrapped in XML tags. Someone must write a piece of software to send, receive or display it.</p>
<hr />
<h2>XML is Free and Extensible</h2>
<p><b>XML tags are not predefined. You must "invent" your own tags.</b></p>
<p>The tags used to mark up HTML documents and the structure of HTML documents
are predefined. The author of HTML documents can only use tags that are
defined in the HTML standard (like <p>, <h1>, etc.).</p>
<p>XML allows the author to define his own tags and his own document
structure.</p>
<p>The tags in the example above (like <to> and <from>) are not
defined in any XML standard. These tags are "invented" by the author
of the XML document.</p>
<hr />
<h2>XML is a Complement to HTML</h2>
<p><b>XML is not a replacement for HTML.</b></p>
<p>It is important to understand that XML is not a replacement for HTML. In
future Web development it is most likely that XML will be used to describe the data, while HTML will be used to format and
display the same data.</p>
<p>My best description of XML is this: <b>XML is a cross-platform, software and hardware
independent tool for transmitting information.</b></p>
<hr />
<h2>XML in Future Web Development</h2>
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