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<pre>&lt;note date=12/11/2007&gt;
&lt;to&gt;Tove&lt;/to&gt;
&lt;from&gt;Jani&lt;/from&gt;
&lt;/note&gt;</pre>
</td></tr></table>
<br />
<table class="ex" width="100%" border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr><td>
<pre>&lt;note date=&quot;12/11/2007&quot;&gt;
&lt;to&gt;Tove&lt;/to&gt;
&lt;from&gt;Jani&lt;/from&gt;
&lt;/note&gt;</pre>
</td></tr></table>

<p>The error in the first document is that the date attribute in the note
element is not quoted.</p>
<hr />
<h2>Entity References</h2>
<p>Some characters have a special meaning in XML.</p>
<p>If you place a character like &quot;&lt;&quot; inside an XML element, it will
generate an error because the parser interprets it as the
start of a new element.</p>
<p>This will generate an XML error:</p>
<table border="1" width="100%" class="ex" cellspacing="0" id="table1"><tr><td>
<pre>&lt;message&gt;if salary &lt; 1000 then&lt;/message&gt;</pre>
</td></tr></table>  
<p>To avoid this error, replace the &quot;&lt;&quot; character with an <b>entity reference</b>:</p>
<table border="1" width="100%" class="ex" cellspacing="0" id="table2"><tr><td>
<pre>&lt;message&gt;if salary <span class="marked">&amp;lt;</span> 1000 then&lt;/message&gt;</pre>
</td></tr></table>  
<p>There are 5 predefined entity references in XML:</p>

<table border="1" width="50%" class="ex" cellspacing="0" id="table3">
<tr>
<td>&amp;lt;</td>
<td>&lt;</td>
<td>less than</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>&amp;gt;</td>
<td>&gt;</td>
<td>greater than</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>&amp;amp;</td>
<td>&amp;</td>
<td>ampersand&nbsp;</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>&amp;apos;</td>
<td>'</td>
<td>apostrophe</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>&amp;quot;</td>
<td>"</td>
<td>quotation mark</td>
</tr></table>
<p>
<b>Note:</b> Only the characters &quot;&lt;&quot; and &quot;&amp;&quot; are
strictly illegal in XML. The greater than character is
legal, but it is a good habit to replace it.
</p>
<hr />

<h2>Comments in XML</h2>

<p>The syntax for writing comments in XML is 
similar to that of HTML.</p>

<p>&lt;!-- This is a comment --&gt; </p>

<hr />

<h2>With XML, White Space is Preserved</h2>

<p>HTML reduces multiple white space characters to a single 
white space:</p>

<table class="ex" width="100%" border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td>
HTML:
</td>
<td>Hello&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;my name is Tove
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
Output:
</td>
<td>Hello my name is Tove.</td>
</tr>
</table>

<p>With XML, the white space in your document is not truncated.</p>

<hr />

<h2>XML Stores New Line as LF</h2>

<p>In Windows applications, a new line is normally stored as a pair of 
characters: carriage return (CR) and line feed (LF). The character pair bears 
some resemblance to the typewriter actions of setting a new line. In Unix 
applications, a new line is normally stored as a LF character. Macintosh 
applications use only a CR character to store a new line.</p>

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