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<h1>TCP/IP Addressing</h1>
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<p class="intro">TCP/IP uses 32 bits, or 4 numbers between 0 and 255 to address a
computer.</p>
<hr />
<h2>IP Addresses</h2>
<p>Each computer must have an IP address before it can connect to the Internet.</p>
<p>Each IP packet must have an address before it can be sent to another
computer.</p>
<p>This is an IP address: 192.68.20.50.<br />
This might be the same IP address:
<a href="../default.htm">www.w3schools.com</a> </p>
<p>You will learn more about IP addresses and IP names in the next chapter of
this tutorial.</p>
<hr />
<h2>An IP Address Contains 4 Numbers.</h2>
<p>This is your IP address: <b>60.254.79.186</b></p>
<p>TCP/IP uses 4 numbers to address a computer. Each computer must have a unique
4 number address.</p>
<p>The numbers are always between 0 and 255. Addresses are normally written as four
numbers separated by a period like this: <b>192.168.1.50</b>.</p>
<hr />
<h2>32 Bits = 4 Bytes</h2>
<p>TCP/IP uses 32 bits addressing. One computer byte is 8 bits. So TCP/IP uses 4
computer bytes.</p>
<p>A computer byte can contain 256 different values:</p>
<p>00000000, 00000001, 00000010, 00000011, 00000100, 00000101, 00000110,
00000111, 00001000 .......and all the way up to 11111111.</p>
<p>Now you know why a TCP/IP address is 4 numbers between 0 and 255 </p>
<hr />
<h2>Domain Names</h2>
<p>12 digit numbers are hard to remember. Using a name is easier.</p>
<p>Names used for TCP/IP addresses are called domain names. w3schools.com is a
domain name. </p>
<p>When you address a web site like <a href="../default.htm">
http://www.w3schools.com</a>, the name is translated to a number by a DNS
process (Domain Name Server).</p>
<p>All over the world, a large number of DNS servers are connected to the
Internet. DNS servers are responsible for translating domain names into TCP/IP
addresses and update each other with new domain names.</p>
<p>When a new domain name is registered together with a TCP/IP address, DNS
servers all over the world are updated with this information.</p>
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