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<h1>XLink and XPointer Syntax</h1>
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<h2>XLink Syntax</h2>
<p>In HTML, we know (and all the browsers know!) that the <a> element
defines a hyperlink.
However, this is not how it works with XML. In XML documents, you can use
whatever element names you want - therefore it is impossible for browsers to predict
what hyperlink elements will be called in XML documents.</p>
<p>The solution for creating links in XML documents was to put a
marker on elements that should act as hyperlinks.</p>
<p>Below is a simple example of how to use XLink to create links in an XML
document:</p>
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<pre><?xml version="1.0"?></pre>
<pre><homepages xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"></pre>
<pre> <homepage xlink:type="simple"
xlink:href="http://www.w3schools.com">Visit W3Schools</homepage></pre>
<pre> <homepage xlink:type="simple"
xlink:href="http://www.w3.org">Visit W3C</homepage></pre>
<pre></homepages></pre>
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<p>
To get access to the XLink attributes and features we must declare the XLink namespace at the top of the
document.</p>
<p>
The XLink namespace is: "http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink".</p>
<p>
The xlink:type and the xlink:href attributes in the <homepage> elements define that the
type and href attributes come from the xlink namespace.</p>
<p>The xlink:type="simple" creates a simple, two-ended link (means "click from
here to go there"). We will look at multi-ended (multidirectional) links
later.</p>
<hr />
<h2>XPointer Syntax</h2>
<p>In HTML, we can create a hyperlink that either points to an HTML page or to a
bookmark inside an HTML page (using #).</p>
<p>Sometimes it is more useful to point to more specific content. For example,
let's say that we want to link to the third item in a particular list, or to the
second sentence of the fifth paragraph. This is easy with XPointer.</p>
<p>If the hyperlink points to an XML document, we can add an XPointer part after
the URL in the xlink:href attribute, to navigate (with an XPath expression) to a specific place in the
document.</p>
<p>For example, in the example below we use XPointer to point to the fifth item in
a list with a
unique id of "rock": </p>
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<pre>href="http://www.example.com/cdlist.xml#id('rock').child(5,item)"</pre>
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