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font-size:xx-large;
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color:#0000ff;
font-variant:small-caps;
}
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<h1>CSS Pseudo-elements</h1>
<a href="css_pseudo_classes.asp"><img border="0" src="../images/btn_previous.gif" alt="Previous" /></a>
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<p class="intro">CSS pseudo-elements are used to add special effects
to some selectors.</p>
<hr />
<h2>Examples</h2>
<p><a target="_blank" href="tryit.asp@filename=trycss_firstletter">Make the first letter special</a><br />
This example demonstrates how to add a special effect to the first
letter of a text.</p>
<p><a target="_blank" href="tryit.asp@filename=trycss_firstline">Make the first line special</a><br />
This example demonstrates how to add a special effect to the first line of a text.</p>
<p><a target="_blank" href="tryit.asp@filename=trycss_firstline_letter">Make the
first letter and first line special</a><br />
This example demonstrates how to add a special effect to the first letter and
the first line of a text.</p>
<p><a target="_blank" href="tryit.asp@filename=trycss_before">Use :before to
insert some content before the content of an element</a> (Does not work in IE)<br />
This example demonstrates how to use the :before pseudo-element to insert an
image before an element.</p>
<p><a target="_blank" href="tryit.asp@filename=trycss_after">Use :after to
insert some content after the content of an element</a> (Does not work in IE)<br />
This example demonstrates how to use the :after pseudo-element to insert an
image after an element.</p>
<hr />
<h2>Syntax</h2>
<p>The syntax of pseudo-elements:</p>
<table width="100%" border="1" class="ex" cellspacing="0"><tr><td>
<pre>selector:pseudo-element {property: value}</pre>
</td></tr></table>
<p>CSS classes can also be used with pseudo-elements:</p>
<table width="100%" border="1" class="ex" cellspacing="0"><tr><td>
<pre>selector.class:pseudo-element {property: value}</pre>
</td></tr></table>
<br />
<hr />
<h2>The :first-line Pseudo-element</h2>
<p>The "first-line" pseudo-element is used to add special styles to the first line
of the text in a selector:</p>
<table width="100%" border="1" class="ex" cellspacing="0"><tr><td>
<pre>p:first-line {color:#0000ff;font-variant:small-caps}</pre>
<pre><p>Some text that ends up on two or more lines</p></pre>
</td></tr></table>
<p>The output could be something like this:</p>
<table width="100%" border="1" class="ex" cellspacing="0"><tr><td>
<div class="ex2">Some text that ends<br />
up on two or more lines</div>
</td></tr></table>
<p>In the example above the browser displays the first line formatted according
to the "first-line" pseudo element. <b>Where</b> the browser breaks the line
depends on the size of the browser window.</p>
<p><b>Note:</b> The "first-line" pseudo-element can only be used with block-level
elements.</p>
<p><b>Note:</b> The following properties apply to the "first-line" pseudo-element: </p>
<ul>
<li> font properties</li>
<li>color properties </li>
<li> background properties</li>
<li>word-spacing</li>
<li>letter-spacing</li>
<li>text-decoration</li>
<li>vertical-align</li>
<li>text-transform</li>
<li>line-height</li>
<li>clear</li>
</ul>
<hr />
<h2>The :first-letter Pseudo-element</h2>
<p>The "first-letter" pseudo-element is used to add special style to the first
letter of the text in a selector:</p>
<table width="100%" border="1" class="ex" cellspacing="0"><tr><td>
<pre>p:first-letter {color:#ff0000;font-size:xx-large}</pre>
<pre><p>The first words of an article...</p></pre>
</td></tr></table>
<p>The output could be something like this:</p>
<table width="100%" border="1" class="ex" cellspacing="0"><tr><td>
<div class="ex">The first words of an article...</div></td></tr></table>
<p><b>Note:</b>
The "first-letter" pseudo-element can only be used with block-level elements.</p>
<p><b>Note:</b> The following properties apply to the "first-letter" pseudo- element: </p>
<ul>
<li> font properties</li>
<li> color properties </li>
<li> background properties</li>
<li>margin properties</li>
<li>padding properties</li>
<li>border properties</li>
<li>text-decoration</li>
<li>vertical-align (only if "float" is "none")</li>
<li>text-transform</li>
<li>line-height</li>
<li>float</li>
<li>clear</li>
</ul>
<hr />
<h2>Pseudo-elements and CSS Classes</h2>
<p>
Pseudo-elements can be combined with CSS classes: </p>
<table width="100%" border="1" class="ex" cellspacing="0"><tr><td>
<pre>p.article:first-letter {color:#ff0000}</pre>
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