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<b>Schema Tutorial</b><br />
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<b>Simple Types</b><br />
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<h1>XSD How To?</h1>
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<p class="intro">XML documents can have a reference to a DTD or to an XML Schema.</p>
<hr />
<h2>A Simple XML Document</h2>
<p>Look at this simple XML document called "note.xml":</p>
<table class="ex" width="100%" border="1" cellspacing="0"><tr><td>
<pre><?xml version="1.0"?>
<note>
<to>Tove</to>
<from>Jani</from>
<heading>Reminder</heading>
<body>Don't forget me this weekend!</body>
</note></pre>
</td></tr></table>
<br />
<hr />
<h2>A DTD File</h2>
<p>The following example is a DTD file called "note.dtd" that
defines the elements of the XML document above ("note.xml"):</p>
<table class="ex" width="100%" border="1" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td>
<pre><!ELEMENT note (to, from, heading, body)>
<!ELEMENT to (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT from (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT heading (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT body (#PCDATA)></pre>
</td>
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<p>
The first line defines the note element to have four child elements:
"to, from, heading, body".</p>
<p>
Line 2-5 defines the to, from, heading, body elements to be of type
"#PCDATA".
</p>
<hr />
<h2>An XML Schema
</h2>
<p>The following example is an XML Schema file called "note.xsd" that defines the elements of the XML
document
above ("note.xml"):
</p>
<table class="ex" width="100%" border="1" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td>
<pre><?xml version="1.0"?>
<xs:schema xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
targetNamespace="http://www.w3schools.com"
xmlns="http://www.w3schools.com"
elementFormDefault="qualified"></pre>
<pre><xs:element name="note">
<xs:complexType>
<xs:sequence>
<xs:element name="to" type="xs:string"/>
<xs:element name="from" type="xs:string"/>
<xs:element name="heading" type="xs:string"/>
<xs:element name="body" type="xs:string"/>
</xs:sequence>
</xs:complexType>
</xs:element></pre>
<pre></xs:schema></pre>
</td>
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</table>
<p>The note element is a <b> complex type</b> because it contains other elements.
The other elements (to, from, heading, body) are <b>simple types</b> because they do
not contain other elements. You will learn more about simple and complex types
in the following chapters.</p>
<hr />
<h2>A Reference to a DTD</h2>
<p>This XML document has a reference to a DTD:</p>
<table class="ex" width="100%" border="1" cellspacing="0"><tr><td>
<pre><?xml version="1.0"?></pre>
<pre><!DOCTYPE note SYSTEM
"http://www.w3schools.com/dtd/note.dtd"></pre>
<pre><note>
<to>Tove</to>
<from>Jani</from>
<heading>Reminder</heading>
<body>Don't forget me this weekend!</body>
</note></pre>
</td></tr></table>
<br />
<hr />
<h2>A Reference to an XML Schema</h2>
<p>This XML document has a reference to an XML Schema:</p>
<table class="ex" width="100%" border="1" cellspacing="0"><tr><td>
<pre><?xml version="1.0"?></pre>
<pre><note
xmlns="http://www.w3schools.com"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.w3schools.com note.xsd">
<to>Tove</to>
<from>Jani</from>
<heading>Reminder</heading>
<body>Don't forget me this weekend!</body>
</note></pre>
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