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<h1>XSD Element Substitution</h1>
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<p class="intro">With XML Schemas, one element can substitute another element.</p>
<hr />
<h2>Element Substitution</h2>
<p>Let's say that we have users from two different countries: England and
Norway. We would like the ability to let the user choose whether he or she
would like to use the Norwegian element names or the English element names in
the XML document.</p>
<p>To solve this problem, we could define a <b>substitutionGroup</b> in the XML
schema. First, we
declare a head element and then we declare the other elements which state that
they are substitutable for the head element.</p>
<table width="100%" border="1" class="ex" cellspacing="0">
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<pre><xs:element name="name" type="xs:string"/>
<xs:element name="navn" substitutionGroup="name"/></pre>
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<p>In the example above, the "name" element is the head element and the "navn"
element is substitutable for "name".</p>
<p>Look at this fragment of an XML schema:</p>
<table width="100%" border="1" class="ex" cellspacing="0">
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<td>
<pre><xs:element name="name" type="xs:string"/>
<xs:element name="navn" substitutionGroup="name"/></pre>
<pre><xs:complexType name="custinfo">
<xs:sequence>
<xs:element ref="name"/>
</xs:sequence>
</xs:complexType></pre>
<pre><xs:element name="customer" type="custinfo"/>
<xs:element name="kunde" substitutionGroup="customer"/></pre>
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<p>A valid XML document (according to the schema above) could look like this:</p>
<table width="100%" border="1" class="ex" cellspacing="0">
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<td>
<pre><customer>
<name>John Smith</name>
</customer></pre>
</td>
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</table>
<p>or like this:</p>
<table width="100%" border="1" class="ex" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td>
<pre><kunde>
<navn>John Smith</navn>
</kunde></pre>
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<br />
<hr />
<h2>Blocking Element Substitution</h2>
<p>To prevent other elements from substituting with a specified element, use the
block attribute:</p>
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<td>
<pre><xs:element name="name" type="xs:string" block="substitution"/></pre>
</td>
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<p>Look at this fragment of an XML schema:</p>
<table width="100%" border="1" class="ex" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td>
<pre><xs:element name="name" type="xs:string" block="substitution"/>
<xs:element name="navn" substitutionGroup="name"/></pre>
<pre><xs:complexType name="custinfo">
<xs:sequence>
<xs:element ref="name"/>
</xs:sequence>
</xs:complexType></pre>
<pre><xs:element name="customer" type="custinfo" block="substitution"/>
<xs:element name="kunde" substitutionGroup="customer"/></pre>
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