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<p>To specify how whitespace characters should be handled, we would use the whiteSpace constraint.</p>
<p>This example defines an element called "address" with a
restriction. The whiteSpace constraint is set to "preserve", which means that
the XML processor WILL NOT remove any white space characters:</p>
<table width="100%" border="1" class="ex" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td>
<pre><xs:element name="address"></pre>
<pre><xs:simpleType>
<xs:restriction base="xs:string">
<xs:whiteSpace value="preserve"/>
</xs:restriction>
</xs:simpleType></pre>
<pre></xs:element> </pre>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<p>This example also defines an element called "address" with a
restriction. The whiteSpace constraint is set to "replace", which means that the
XML processor WILL REPLACE all white space characters (line feeds, tabs, spaces,
and carriage returns) with spaces:</p>
<table width="100%" border="1" class="ex" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td>
<pre><xs:element name="address"></pre>
<pre><xs:simpleType>
<xs:restriction base="xs:string">
<xs:whiteSpace value="replace"/>
</xs:restriction>
</xs:simpleType></pre>
<pre></xs:element> </pre>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<p>This example also defines an element called "address" with a
restriction. The whiteSpace constraint is set to "collapse", which means that
the XML processor WILL REMOVE all white space characters (line feeds, tabs,
spaces, carriage returns are replaced with spaces, leading and trailing spaces
are removed, and multiple spaces are reduced to a single space):</p>
<table width="100%" border="1" class="ex" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td>
<pre><xs:element name="address"></pre>
<pre><xs:simpleType>
<xs:restriction base="xs:string">
<xs:whiteSpace value="collapse"/>
</xs:restriction>
</xs:simpleType></pre>
<pre></xs:element> </pre>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<br />
<hr />
<h2>Restrictions on Length</h2>
<p>To limit the length of a value in an element, we would use the length,
maxLength, and minLength constraints.</p>
<p>This example defines an element called "password" with a
restriction. The value must be exactly eight characters:</p>
<table width="100%" border="1" class="ex" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td>
<pre><xs:element name="password"></pre>
<pre><xs:simpleType>
<xs:restriction base="xs:string">
<xs:length value="8"/>
</xs:restriction>
</xs:simpleType></pre>
<pre></xs:element> </pre>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<p>This example defines another element called "password" with a
restriction. The value must be minimum five characters and maximum eight
characters:</p>
<table width="100%" border="1" class="ex" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td>
<pre><xs:element name="password"></pre>
<pre><xs:simpleType>
<xs:restriction base="xs:string">
<xs:minLength value="5"/>
<xs:maxLength value="8"/>
</xs:restriction>
</xs:simpleType></pre>
<pre></xs:element> </pre>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<br />
<hr />
<h2>Restrictions for Datatypes</h2>
<table width="100%" border="1" class="ex" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<th width="15%" valign="top" align="left">Constraint</th>
<th width="85%" valign="top" align="left">Description</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top">enumeration</td>
<td valign="top">Defines a list of acceptable values</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top">fractionDigits</td>
<td valign="top">Specifies the maximum number of decimal places allowed.
Must be equal to or greater than zero</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top">length</td>
<td valign="top">Specifies the exact number of characters or list items
allowed. Must be equal to or greater than zero</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top">maxExclusive</td>
<td valign="top">Specifies the upper bounds for numeric values (the value
must be less than this value)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top">maxInclusive</td>
<td valign="top">Specifies the upper bounds for numeric values (the value
must be less than or equal to this value)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top">maxLength</td>
<td valign="top">Specifies the maximum number of characters or list items
allowed. Must be equal to or greater than zero</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top">minExclusive</td>
<td valign="top">Specifies the lower bounds for numeric values (the value
must be greater than this value)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top">minInclusive</td>
<td valign="top">Specifies the lower bounds for numeric values (the value
must be greater than or equal to this value)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top">minLength</td>
<td valign="top">Specifies the minimum number of characters or list items
allowed. Must be equal to or greater than zero</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top">pattern</td>
<td valign="top">Defines the exact sequence of characters that are
acceptable </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top">totalDigits</td>
<td valign="top">Specifies the exact number of digits allowed. Must be
greater than zero</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top">whiteSpace</td>
<td valign="top">Specifies how white space (line feeds, tabs, spaces, and
carriage returns) is handled</td>
</tr>
</table>
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