显示和定制工程和目标文件(1).htm

ADS是一种嵌入式常用开发语言

            size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT><FONT size=2>总有一天，你自己也能编写出象 
            </FONT><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2>Hello World 
            </FONT><FONT 
            size=2>这样充满激情和意义深远的程序来。这是完全有可能的。只要你有决心努力工作，学完本课你就可以编写这个程序了。下面我们给出该程序的源代码：</FONT></P>
            <BLOCKQUOTE><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2>
              <P>#include <STDIO.H><BR>void main(void) { <BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; int c; 
              <BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; printf("Hello World on Windows!\n"); 
              <BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; c = getchar(); <BR>}</P></FONT></BLOCKQUOTE>
            <P><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" 
            size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT><FONT 
            size=2>就这么多！你没想到会这么简单吧？你可以试试看将 </FONT><FONT 
            face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2>"Hello World on Windows!" 
            </FONT><FONT 
            size=2>这句话换成一句别的什么内容。要不了多久，你就能自己编写一些不仅能显示文本而且还能执行你指定的其它任务的应用程序了。但在此之前，你还需要学习第四课，有关链接的知识。</FONT></P>
            <P><B><FONT face=幼圆 size=+1>关于</FONT><FONT face=Arial 
            size=+1>getchar()</FONT><FONT face=幼圆 size=+1>函数</FONT></B></P>
            <P><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" 
            size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT><FONT size=2>那些有经验的 </FONT><FONT 
            face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2>C </FONT><FONT 
            size=2>程序员可能会问，上述代码中使用的 字符输入函数 </FONT><FONT 
            face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2>getchar() </FONT><FONT 
            size=2>用在这里是什么意思。通常地，当一个应用程序执行完毕后，它就会终止，然后操作系统就会立即清除该应用程序输出。这样，当上述应用程序显示完“</FONT><FONT 
            face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2>Hello World on 
            Windows!</FONT><FONT size=2>”后，为了避免系统立即将该程序地输出清除，我们在程序中添加了一个 
            </FONT><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2>getchar() 
            </FONT><FONT 
            size=2>函数，使程序在此处暂停，直到有键盘输入时整个程序会终止。这样我们才有足够的时间来看清楚该程序的输出。</FONT></P>
            <P><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" 
            size=2>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT><FONT size=2>这是一个正常的操作，而不是一个 
            </FONT><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" 
            size=2>bug</FONT><FONT size=2>。实际上，</FONT><FONT 
            face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2>CodeWarrior </FONT><FONT 
            size=2>也提供了一个适用于此处的库函数，这个库函数中的 </FONT><FONT 
            face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2>C </FONT><FONT size=2>控制台 
            </FONT><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2>I/O 
            </FONT><FONT 
            size=2>函数步不仅可以在程序显示完毕后锁定应用程序，而且还可以让你将输出的文本信息存储到一个文件中去。</FONT></P>
            <P align=center>第一部分&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <A 
            href="http://www.pdazone.com.cn/develop/CodeWarrior/lesson2_2.htm">第二部分</A><BR></P>
            <HR>

            <P>附原文：</P>
            <P><B><B><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" color=#000000 
            size=3>Displaying and Customizing Projects and 
            Targets</FONT></B></B></P><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" 
            size=2>
            <P>In this section of the lesson, I'll introduce you to the way 
            CodeWarrior handles files and give you a tour of the Project 
            window.</P>
            <P><B><FONT size=+1>Understanding the Project File</FONT></B></P>
            <P>To create programs in CodeWarrior, you will use a number of files 
            that work together to form a project. A project's settings and 
            pointers to other files are stored within a <B>project file. 
            </B>These settings include compiler and linker options, source 
            files, libraries, and information about how they interact with one 
            another to build the final product -- your program. For now, just 
            think of the project file as the brain of your project: it keeps 
            track of everything that is going on and knows how to combine files 
            and settings into a working application program. The Project window 
            in turn displays this information about your program and its files 
            and allows you to modify the project by just pointing and clicking. 
            Figure 2-1 shows the Project window.</P>
            <TABLE cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 border=0>
              <TBODY>
              <TR>
                <TD><IMG height=247 
                  alt="Figure 2-1: Each project you create appears in the Project window. This one is empty." 
                  src="显示和定制工程和目标文件(1).files/IcwwL2_fig1.gif" width=367 
                  align=left> </TD></TR>
              <TR>
                <TD align=middle><FONT size=1><I>Figure 2-1: Each project you 
                  create appears in the Project window. This one is 
                  empty.</I></FONT> </TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
            <P>Most of the files that make up your program are ordinary text 
            files. These files contain your source code. You'll create them by 
            typing the source code into the CodeWarrior editor. In some cases, 
            you will also use prebuilt source code and header files. There are 
            also library files, such as the Metrowerks Standard Library (MSL) 
            which provides valuable functions for math calculations and I/O 
            operations. </P>
            <P>Your source code will usually be written in C or C++, but can 
            also be in any other language that is supported by a CodeWarrior IDE 
            plug-in. Recall that CodeWarrior is an extensible IDE. In other 
            words, by inserting (or writing) a plug-in, you can extend the 
            capabilities of the CodeWarrior IDE. For example, if someone 
            develops a new programming language, say Z++, you could create a 
            plug-in to support that language and sell it for a zillion bucks, 
            and then anyone using the CodeWarrior IDE could program in Z++. 
            Neat, huh?</P>
            <P>Now that you understand how CodeWarrior uses files, let's take a 
            closer look at the Project window.</P>
            <P><B><FONT size=+1>The Project Window</FONT></B></P>
            <P>When you launch CodeWarrior and open or create a project, a 
            Project window greets you. To recap, it allows you to manage the 
            project, all of its files, and the <B>targets</B> that it builds. A 
            project contains all of the information necessary to build one or 
            more targets. A target is the file that CodeWarrior creates when you 
            build your program -- usually an application or library. Some 
            projects build multiple targets. For example, you may write a 
            program that has a DLL, as well as the main application that calls 
            it. In the CodeWarrior project, you can define one target to 
            generate the DLL, and another target to generate the application. In 
            this way, your project can build all the necessary targets, or 
            pieces, in one fell swoop. Figure 2-2 shows the Project window for a 
            program called Hello World.</P></FONT>
            <DIV align=center>
            <CENTER>
            <TABLE cellSpacing=1 cellPadding=0 width="80%" border=0><FONT 
              face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2>
              <TBODY>
              <TR>
                <TD width="100%">
                  <P align=center><IMG height=351 
                  alt="Figure 2-2: The Project window for a program called Hello World lists all of the files that are included in the program or that are needed to build it." 
                  src="显示和定制工程和目标文件(1).files/IcwwL2_fig2.gif" width=406 
                  align=left></P></TD></TR></FONT>
              <TR>
                <TD width="100%"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" 
                  size=2><FONT size=1><I>igure 2-2: The Project window for a 
                  program called Hello World lists all of the files that are 
                  included in the program or that are needed to build 
                  it.</I></FONT> </FONT></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></CENTER></DIV>
            <TABLE cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 border=0>
              <TBODY></TBODY></TABLE>
            <P><FONT size=1>　　</FONT></P><FONT 
            face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2>
            <P>You can see that the Project window contains quite a few items. 
            At the top are three tabs: the Files tab (displayed in Figure 2-2), 
            the Link Order tab, and the Targets tab (both discussed later in 
            this lesson). Above the tabs is a pull-down menu that allows you to 
            choose which target to build. In this case, we have chosen the Debug 
            version of the Hello World project. The icons to the right of this 
            pull-down menu allow us to easily compile, link, and run the project 
            without having to use menu commands.</P>
            <BLOCKQUOTE>
              <P><B>Note:</B> The Link Order tab is called the Segments tab in 
              some versions of CodeWarrior. Some of you might have programmed 
              certain x86 processors using segmented code. This is not the case 
              with the Windows CodeWarrior tools. They generate x86 code that 
              uses a "flat," or unsegmented, memory space.</P></BLOCKQUOTE>
            <P>As its name implies, the Files tab lists all of the files that 
            could possibly be used in the project. You can create groups 
            (represented by the folder icon) in the window to help manage the 
            files hierarchically and make it easier to keep track of which files 
            are being used. In our case, we place our C language source code 
            files (indicated by the .c extension) in a group called Sources. 
            We've organized libraries into other groups to keep things tidy.</P>
            <P>The Sources group for our example holds the main.c file. Since we 
            have yet to build this project, the numbers in the Code and Data 
            columns are all set to zero. When we build the project for the first 
            time, these numbers will reflect the actual amount of code and data 
            the compiler creates when it translates the source code into machine 
            language. However, the library files ANSICX86.LIB and MWCRTL.LIB 
            have n/a next to them. This indicates that even though these files 
            are listed, they are not used as part of the Hello World target. 
            That's because these two libraries are used for non-debugging 
            development, which is not applicable for this target. If we were to 
            switch targets by picking the Release version of Hello World from 
            the menu, these columns would change to reflect the use of these 
            other libraries.</P>
            <BLOCKQUOTE>
              <P><B>Note</B> : The small bullet in the Target column to the 
              right of the Data column also indicates whether or not the file is 
              being used by the current target.</P></BLOCKQUOTE>
            <P>Other columns in the main window include the Debug column, to the 
            right (see the little green bug?), which tells you whether this file 
            is currently set to generate debug information when it is compiled. 
            We will discuss this in more detail in Lesson 5. And lastly, the 
            pop-up menu at the far right of each row acts as a shortcut that 
            allows you to quickly open files and/or update sources for 
            compilation, open included header files, etc., depending on the type 
            of item it represents.</P>
            <P>Let's build the Hello World project and see what the window looks 
            like after it is built. To build this project, select Make from the 
            Project menu. This will update all files that need to be built and 
            will produce the output file -- in this case, the Hello World 
            application.</P>
            <TABLE cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 border=0>
              <TBODY>
              <TR>
                <TD><IMG height=350