matlab图像处理函数汇总.txt

用vc把相片的信息读入电脑,然后可以利用矩阵将数据进行编辑

matlab图像处理函数汇总2008年07月02日 星期三 14:561.applylut 
功能: 
在二进制图像中利用lookup表进行边沿操作. 
语法: 
A = applylut(BW,lut) 
举例 
lut = makelut('sum(x(:)) == 4',2); 
BW1 = imread('text.tif'); 
BW2 = applylut(BW1,lut); 
imshow(BW1) 
figure, imshow(BW2) 
相关命令: 
makelut 
2.bestblk 
功能: 
确定进行块操作的块大小. 
语法: 
siz = bestblk([m n],k) 
[mb,nb] = bestblk([m n],k) 
举例 
siz = bestblk([640 800],72) 
siz = 
64 50 
相关命令: 
blkproc 
3.blkproc 
功能: 
MATLAB高级应用——图形及影像处理 320
实现图像的显式块操作. 
语法: 
B = blkproc(A,[m n],fun) 
B = blkproc(A,[m n],fun,P1,P2,...) 
B = blkproc(A,[m n],[mborder nborder],fun,...) 
B = blkproc(A,'indexed',...) 
举例 
I = imread('alumgrns.tif'); 
I2 = blkproc(I,[8 8],'std2(x)*ones(size(x))'); 
imshow(I) 
figure, imshow(I2,[]); 
相关命令: 
colfilt, nlfilter,inline 
4.brighten 
功能: 
增加或降低颜色映像表的亮度. 
语法: 
brighten(beta) 
newmap = brighten(beta) 
newmap = brighten(map,beta) 
brighten(fig,beta) 
相关命令: 
imadjust, rgbplot 
5.bwarea 
功能: 
计算二进制图像对象的面积. 
语法: 
total = bwarea(BW) 
举例 
BW = imread('circles.tif'); 
imshow(BW); 
附录 MATLAB图像处理命令 321 
bwarea(BW) 
ans = 
15799 
相关命令: 
bweuler, bwperim 
6.bweuler. 
功能: 
计算二进制图像的欧拉数. 
语法: 
eul = bweuler(BW,n) 
举例 
BW = imread('circles.tif'); 
imshow(BW); 
bweuler(BW) 
ans = 
-2 
相关命令: 
bwmorph, bwperim 
7.bwfill 
功能: 
填充二进制图像的背景色. 
语法: 
BW2 = bwfill(BW1,c,r,n) 
BW2 = bwfill(BW1,n) 
[BW2,idx] = bwfill(...) 
BW2 = bwfill(x,y,BW1,xi,yi,n) 
[x,y,BW2,idx,xi,yi] = bwfill(...) 
BW2 = bwfill(BW1,'holes',n) 
[BW2,idx] = bwfill(BW1,'holes',n) 
举例 
MATLAB高级应用——图形及影像处理 322
BW1 =[1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 
1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 
1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 
1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 
1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 
1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 
1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0] 
BW2 = bwfill(BW1,3,3,8) 
BW2 = 
1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 
1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 
1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 
1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 
1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 
1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 
1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 
I = imread('blood1.tif'); 
BW3 = ~im2bw(I); 
BW4 = bwfill(BW3,'holes'); 
imshow(BW3) 
figure, imshow(BW4) 
相关命令: 
bwselect, roifill 
8.bwlabel 
功能: 
标注二进制图像中已连接的部分. 
语法: 
附录 MATLAB图像处理命令 323 
L = bwlabel(BW,n) 
[L,num] = bwlabel(BW,n) 
举例 
BW = [1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 
1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 
1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 
1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 
1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 
1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 
1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 
1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0] 
L = bwlabel(BW,4) 
L = 
1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 
1 1 1 0 2 2 0 0 
1 1 1 0 2 2 0 0 
1 1 1 0 0 0 3 0 
1 1 1 0 0 0 3 0 
1 1 1 0 0 0 3 0 
1 1 1 0 0 3 3 0 
1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 
[r,c] = find(L==2); 
rc = [r c] 
rc = 
2 5 
3 5 
2 6 
3 6 
相关命令: 
bweuler, bwselect 
9.bwmorph 
功能: 
提取二进制图像的轮廓. 
语法: 
BW2 = bwmorph(BW1,operation) 
BW2 = bwmorph(BW1,operation,n) 
举例 
BW1 = imread('circles.tif'); 
MATLAB高级应用——图形及影像处理 324
imshow(BW1); 
BW2 = bwmorph(BW1,'remove'); 
BW3 = bwmorph(BW1,'skel',Inf); 
imshow(BW2) 
figure, imshow(BW3) 
相关命令: 
bweuler, bwperim, dilate, erode 
10.bwperim 
功能: 
计算二进制图像中对象的周长. 
语法: 
BW2 = bwperim(BW1,n) 
举例 
BW1 = imread('circbw.tif'); 
BW2 = bwperim(BW1,8); 
imshow(BW1) 
figure, imshow(BW2) 
附录 MATLAB图像处理命令 325 
相关命令: 
bwarea, bweuler, bwfill 
11.bwselect 
功能: 
在二进制图像中选择对象. 
语法: 
BW2 = bwselect(BW1,c,r,n) 
BW2 = bwselect(BW1,n) 
[BW2,idx] = bwselect(...) 
举例 
BW1 = imread('text.tif'); 
c = [16 90 144]; 
r = [85 197 247]; 
BW2 = bwselect(BW1,c,r,4); 
imshow(BW1) 
figure, imshow(BW2) 
相关命令: 
bwfill, bwlabel, impixel, roipoly, roifill 
12.cmpermute 
MATLAB高级应用——图形及影像处理 326
功能: 
调整颜色映像表中的颜色. 
语法: 
[Y,newmap] = cmpermute(X,map) 
[Y,newmap] = cmpermute(X,map,index) 
举例 
To order a colormap by luminance, use: 
ntsc = rgb2ntsc(map); 
[dum,index] = sort(ntsc(:,1)); 
[Y,newmap] = cmpermute(X,map,index); 
相关命令: 
randperm 
13.cmunique 
功能: 
查找颜色映像表中特定的颜色及相应的图像. 
语法: 
[Y,newmap] = cmunique(X,map) 
[Y,newmap] = cmunique(RGB) 
[Y,newmap] = cmunique(I) 
相关命令: 
gray2ind, rgb2ind 
14.col2im 
功能: 
将矩阵的列重新组织到块中. 
语法: 
A = col2im(B,[m n],[mm nn],block_type) 
A = col2im(B,[m n],[mm nn]) 
相关命令: 
blkproc, colfilt, im2col, nlfilter 
15.colfilt 
功能: 
利用列相关函数进行边沿操作. 
语法: 
B = colfilt(A,[m n],block_type,fun) 
B = colfilt(A,[m n],block_type,fun,P1,P2,...) 
B = colfilt(A,[m n],[mblock nblock],block_type,fun,...) 
B = colfilt(A,'indexed',...) 
附录 MATLAB图像处理命令 327 
相关命令: 
blkproc, col2im, im2col, nlfilter 
16.colorbar 
功能: 
显示颜色条. 
语法: 
colorbar('vert') 
colorbar('horiz') 
colorbar(h) 
colorbar 
h = colorbar(...) 
举例 
I = imread('blood1.tif'); 
h = fspecial('log'); 
I2 = filter2(h,I); 
imshow(I2,[]), colormap(jet(64)), colorbar 
17.conv2 
功能: 
进行二维卷积操作. 
语法: 
C = conv2(A,B) 
C = conv2(hcol,hrow,A) 
C = conv2(...,shape) 
举例 
A = magic(5) 
A = 
17 24 1 8 15 
23 5 7 14 16 
4 6 13 20 22 
MATLAB高级应用——图形及影像处理 328
10 12 19 21 3 
11 18 25 2 9 
B = [1 2 1;0 2 0;3 1 3] 
B = 
1 2 1 
0 2 0 
3 1 3 
C = conv2(A,B) 
C = 
17 58 66 34 32 38 15 
23 85 88 35 67 76 16 
55 149 117 163 159 135 67 
79 78 160 161 187 129 51 
23 82 153 199 205 108 75 
30 68 135 168 91 84 9 
33 65 126 85 104 15 27 
相关命令: 
filter2 
18.convmtx2 
功能: 
计算二维卷积矩阵. 
语法: 
T = convmtx2(H,m,n) 
T = convmtx2(H,[m n]) 
相关命令: 
conv2 
19.convn 
功能: 计算n维卷积. 
语法: 
C = convn(A,B) 
C = convn(A,B,shape) 
相关命令: 
conv2 
20.corr2 
功能: 
计算两个矩阵的二维相关系数. 
附录 MATLAB图像处理命令 329 
语法: 
r = corr2(A,B) 
相关命令: 
std2 
21.dct2 
功能: 
进行二维离散余弦变换. 
语法: 
B = dct2(A) 
B = dct2(A,m,n) 
B = dct2(A,[m n]) 
举例 
RGB = imread('autumn.tif'); 
I = rgb2gray(RGB); 
J = dct2(I); 
imshow(log(abs(J)),[]), colormap(jet(64)), colorbar 
J(abs(J) < 10) = 0; 
K = idct2(J)/255; 
imshow(K) 
相关命令: 
fft2, idct2, ifft2 
22.dctmtx 
功能: 
MATLAB高级应用——图形及影像处理 330
计算离散余弦变换矩阵. 
语法: 
D = dctmtx(n) 
相关命令: 
dct2 
23.dilate 
功能: 
放大二进制图像. 
语法: 
BW2 = dilate(BW1,SE) 
BW2 = dilate(BW1,SE,alg) 
BW2 = dilate(BW1,SE,...,n) 
举例 
BW1 = imread('text.tif'); 
SE = ones(6,2); 
BW2 = dilate(BW1,SE); 
imshow(BW1) 
figure, imshow(BW2) 
相关命令: 
bwmorph, erode 
24.dither 
功能: 
通过抖动增加外观颜色分辨率,转换图像. 
语法: 
X = dither(RGB,map) 
BW = dither(I) 
相关命令: 
rgb2ind 
25.double 
附录 MATLAB图像处理命令 331 
功能: 
转换数据为双精度型. 
语法: 
B = double(A) 
举例 
A = imread('saturn.tif'); 
B = sqrt(double(A)); 
相关命令: 
im2double, im2uint, uint8 
26.edge 
功能: 
识别强度图像中的边界. 
语法: 
BW = edge(I,'sobel') 
BW = edge(I,'sobel',thresh) 
BW = edge(I,'sobel',thresh,direction) 
[BW,thresh] = edge(I,'sobel',...) 
BW = edge(I,'prewitt') 
BW = edge(I,'prewitt',thresh) 
BW = edge(I,'prewitt',thresh,direction) 
[BW,thresh] = edge(I,'prewitt',...) 
BW = edge(I,'roberts') 
BW = edge(I,'roberts',thresh) 
[BW,thresh] = edge(I,'roberts',...) 
BW = edge(I,'log') 
BW = edge(I,'log',thresh) 
BW = edge(I,'log',thresh,sigma) 
[BW,threshold] = edge(I,'log',...) 
BW = edge(I,'zerocross',thresh,h) 
[BW,thresh] = edge(I,'zerocross',...) 
BW = edge(I,'canny') 
BW = edge(I,'canny',thresh) 
BW = edge(I,'canny',thresh,sigma) 
MATLAB高级应用——图形及影像处理 332
[BW,threshold] = edge(I,'canny',...) 
举例 
I = imread('rice.tif'); 
BW1 = edge(I,'prewitt'); 
BW2 = edge(I,'canny'); 
imshow(BW1); 
figure, imshow(BW2) 
27.erode 
功能: 
弱化二进制图像的边界. 
语法: 
BW2 = erode(BW1,SE) 
BW2 = erode(BW1,SE,alg) 
BW2 = erode(BW1,SE,...,n) 
举例 
BW1 = imread('text.tif'); 
SE = ones(3,1); 
BW2 = erode(BW1,SE); 
imshow(BW1) 
figure, imshow(BW2) 
相关命令: 
bwmorph, dilate 
附录 MATLAB图像处理命令 333 
28.fft2 
功能: 
进行二维快速傅里叶变换. 
语法: 
B = fft2(A) 
B = fft2(A,m,n) 
举例 
load imdemos saturn2 
imshow(saturn2) 
B = fftshift(fft2(saturn2)); 
imshow(log(abs(B)),[]), colormap(jet(64)), colorbar 
相关命令: 
dct2, fftshift, idct2, ifft2 
29.fftn 
功能: 进行n维快速傅里叶变换. 
语法: 
B = fftn(A) 
B = fftn(A,siz) 
相关命令: 
fft2, ifftn 
30.fftshift 
MATLAB高级应用——图形及影像处理 334
功能: 
把快速傅里叶变换的DC组件移到光谱中心. 
语法: 
B = fftshift(A) 
举例 
B = fftn(A); 
C = fftshift(B); 
相关命令: 
fft2, fftn, ifftshift 
31.filter2 
功能: 
进行二维线性过滤操作. 
语法: 
B = filter2(h,A) 
B = filter2(h,A,shape) 
举例 
A = magic(6) 
A = 
35 1 6 26 19 24 
3 32 7 21 23 25 
31 9 2 22 27 20 
8 28 33 17 10 15 
30 5 34 12 14 16 
4 36 29 13 18 11 
h = fspecial('sobel') 
h = 
1 2 1 
0 0 0 
-1 -2 -1 
B = filter2(h,A,'valid') 
B = 
-8 4 4 -8 
-23 -44 -5 40 
-23 -50 1 40 
-8 4 4 -8 
相关命令: 
conv2, roifilt2 
32.freqspace 
附录 MATLAB图像处理命令 335 
功能: 
确定二维频率响应的频率空间. 
语法: 
[f1,f2] = freqspace(n) 
[f1,f2] = freqspace([m n]) 
[x1,y1] = freqspace(...,'meshgrid') 
f = freqspace(N) 
f = freqspace(N,'whole') 
相关命令: 
fsamp2, fwind1, fwind2 
33.freqz2 
功能: 
计算二维频率响应. 
语法: 
[H,f1,f2] = freqz2(h,n1,n2) 
[H,f1,f2] = freqz2(h,[n2 n1]) 
[H,f1,f2] = freqz2(h,f1,f2) 
[H,f1,f2] = freqz2(h) 
[...] = freqz2(h,...,[dx dy]) 
[...] = freqz2(h,...,dx) 
freqz2(...) 
举例 
Hd = zeros(16,16); 
Hd(5:12,5:12) = 1; 
Hd(7:10,7:10) = 0; 
h = fwind1(Hd,bartlett(16)); 
colormap(jet(64)) 
freqz2(h,[32 32]); axis ([-1 1 -1 1 0 1]) 
34.fsamp2 
MATLAB高级应用——图形及影像处理 336
功能: 
用频率采样法设计二维FIR过滤器. 
语法: 
h = fsamp2(Hd) 
h = fsamp2(f1,f2,Hd,[m n]) 
举例 
[f1,f2] = freqspace(21,'meshgrid'); 
Hd = ones(21); 
r = sqrt(f1.^2 + f2.^2); 
Hd((r0.5)) = 0; 
colormap(jet(64)) 
mesh(f1,f2,Hd) 
相关命令: