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8 which defines a Box cross section,
9 which defines a Circle cross section,
10 which defines a I-Beam cross section,
11 which defines a Rectangle cross section,
12 which defines a Hexagon cross section,
13 which defines a Elbow cross section,
14 which defines a Trapezoid cross section,
15 which defines a L-Section cross section,
16 which defines a Arbitrary cross section.
ANSYS:
BAN4 defines the Elastic Beam element 4,
BAN8 defines the Spar element 8,
BAN10 defines the Tension/Compression Spar element 10,
BAN24 defines the Thin Walled Plastic element 24,
BAN33 defines the Thermal Bar element 33,
BAN44 defines the Tapered Unsymmetrical element 44.
DYNA3D: default cross section properties are defined within the
material definition. To override the default material definition
use STHI, STHI1, STHI2, TTHI, TTHI1, TTHI2, AREA, SCAREA, IXX,
IYY, IZZ;
LSDYNA: the following cross section options are available
for LSDYNA beam elements:
W-section
C-section
angle section
T-section
rectangular tubing
Z-section
trapezoidal section
MARC: the following cross section options are available for MARC elements:
MARC13 - Open Section Thin-Walled,
MARC14 - Thin-Walled w/o Warping,
MARC25 - Thin-Walled,
MARC76 - Thin-Walled w/o Warping,
MARC79 - Thin-Walled w/ Warping,
MARC31 - Elastic Curved Pipe,
MARC52 - Elastic,
MARC98 - Elastic w/ Transverse Shear.
NASTRAN:
BNA1 which defines the Beam
BNA2 which defines the Offset Rods with cross section
CSTYPE 1 for elliptic
CSTYPE 2 for symmetry about y and z
CSTYPE 3 for symmetry about y
CSTYPE 4 for symmetry about z
CSTYPE 5 for symmetry about y=z=0
CSTYPE 6 for arbitrary
BNA3 which defines the Curved Beam
BNA4 which defines the Elbow & Curved Pipe
BNA5 which defines the Simple Beam (Bar)
BNA6 which defines the Rod
BNA7 which defines the Tube
NIKE3D: default cross section properties are defined within the material
definition. To override the default material definition use STHI,
STHI1, STHI2, TTHI, TTHI1, TTHI2;
PATRAN: use LDP;
LSBSD: List the defined beam cross sections.
They are listed by number and type.
Use BSINFO to get full information about a specific beam cross
section definition.
IBM: generate an array of beam elements conforming to the geometry and nodes
of a solid or shell regions in the i-direction.
This feature is useful in generating structural elements
embedded within the solid or shell region.
A 1D sliding interface can be specified for each string of beams.
Only the first sliding interface is specified.
The remainder are assumed to follow in sequence.
Use SID to define each sliding interface.
The cross section is defined by the BSD command.
The local coordinate orientation can be selected in many ways or none
at all. The neighboring beam elements can be used to select the orientation
node. The options I, J, or K will select the node of the corresponding neighboring
beam element. In each case, only one or two of the options is appropriate.
The SD option is used to orient the beam normal to a surface. The V option
creates an orientation in a given vector direction. In the latter two cases,
a new node is created for each beam, when nodes are required to orient beams.
Use the ORPT command when using the SD option.
IBMI: generate an array of beam elements conforming to the geometry and nodes
of a solid or shell regions in the i-direction by index progression.
This feature is useful in generating structural elements
embedded within the solid or shell region.
A 1D sliding interface can be specified for each string of beams.
Only the first sliding interface is specified.
The remainder are assumed to follow in sequence.
Use SID to define each sliding interface.
The cross section is defined by the BSD command.
The local coordinate orientation can be selected in many ways or none
at all. The neighboring beam elements can be used to select the orientation
node. The options I, J, or K will select the node of the corresponding neighboring
beam element. In each case, only one or two of the options is appropriate.
The SD option is used to orient the beam normal to a surface. The V option
creates an orientation in a given vector direction. In the latter two cases,
a new node is created for each beam, when nodes are required to orient beams.
Use the ORPT command when using the SD option.
JBM: generate an array of beam elements conforming to the geometry and nodes
of a solid or shell regions in the j-direction.
This feature is useful in generating structural elements
embedded within the solid or shell region.
A 1D sliding interface can be specified for each string of beams.
Only the first sliding interface is specified.
The remainder are assumed to follow in sequence.
Use SID to define each sliding interface.
The cross section is defined by the BSD command.
The local coordinate orientation can be selected in many ways or none
at all. The neighboring beam elements can be used to select the orientation
node. The options I, J, or K will select the node of the corresponding neighboring
beam element. In each case, only one or two of the options is appropriate.
The SD option is used to orient the beam normal to a surface. The V option
creates an orientation in a given vector direction. In the latter two cases,
a new node is created for each beam, when nodes are required to orient beams.
Use the ORPT command when using the SD option.
JBMI: generate an array of beam elements conforming to the geometry and nodes
of a solid or shell regions in the j-direction by index progression.
This feature is useful in generating structural elements
embedded within the solid or shell region.
A 1D sliding interface can be specified for each string of beams.
Only the first sliding interface is specified.
The remainder are assumed to follow in sequence.
Use SID to define each sliding interface.
The cross section is defined by the BSD command.
The local coordinate orientation can be selected in many ways or none
at all. The neighboring beam elements can be used to select the orientation
node. The options I, J, or K will select the node of the corresponding neighboring
beam element. In each case, only one or two of the options is appropriate.
The SD option is used to orient the beam normal to a surface. The V option
creates an orientation in a given vector direction. In the latter two cases,
a new node is created for each beam, when nodes are required to orient beams.
Use the ORPT command when using the SD option.
KBM: generate an array of beam elements conforming to the geometry and nodes
of a solid or shell regions in the k-direction.
This feature is useful in generating structural elements
embedded within the solid or shell region.
A 1D sliding interface can be specified for each string of beams.
Only the first sliding interface is specified.
The remainder are assumed to follow in sequence.
Use SID to define each sliding interface.
The cross section is defined by the BSD command.
The local coordinate orientation can be selected in many ways or none
at all. The neighboring beam elements can be used to select the orientation
node. The options I, J, or K will select the node of the corresponding neighboring
beam element. In each case, only one or two of the options is appropriate.
The SD option is used to orient the beam normal to a surface. The V option
creates an orientation in a given vector direction. In the latter two cases,
a new node is created for each beam, when nodes are required to orient beams.
Use the ORPT command when using the SD option.
KBMI: generate an array of beam elements conforming to the geometry and nodes
of a solid or shell regions in the k-direction by index progression.
This feature is useful in generating structural elements
embedded within the solid or shell region.
A 1D sliding interface can be specified for each string of beams.
Only the first sliding interface is specified.
The remainder are assumed to follow in sequence.
Use SID to define each sliding interface.
The cross section is defined by the BSD command.
The local coordinate orientation can be selected in many ways or none
at all. The neighboring beam elements can be used to select the orientation
node. The options I, J, or K will select the node of the corresponding neighboring
beam element. In each case, only one or two of the options is appropriate.
The SD option is used to orient the beam normal to a surface. The V option
creates an orientation in a given vector direction. In the latter two cases,
a new node is created for each beam, when nodes are required to orient beams.
Use the ORPT command when using the SD option.
DIAGNOSTIC commands:
INFO: mesh size.
MEA: check the quality of each element in the specified region.
VOLUME means to integrate the volume.
AVOLUME means to integrate the absolute volume.
JACOBIAN means to test the Jacobian.
ORTHOGON means to measure the deviations from 90 degrees.
SMALLEST means to measure the smallest dimension of each element.
POINTVOL means to use a one point integration to calculate the volume.
ASPECT means to divide the maximum diagonal by the minimum diagonal
of each element.
WARP means to measure the angle between opposite corners of each
element face
MEAI: check the quality of each element in the specified regions in
the index progression.
VOLUME means to integrate the volume.
AVOLUME means to integrate the absolute volume.
JACOBIAN means to test the Jacobian.
ORTHOGON means to measure the deviations from 90 degrees.
SMALLEST means to measure the smallest dimension of each element.
POINTVOL means to use a one point integration to calculate the volume.
ASPECT means to divide the maximum diagonal by the minimum diagonal
of each element.
WARP means to measure the angle between opposite corners of each
element face
ELM: selects an interval in the domain of the MEASURE. This domain is
used to find the elements.
These elements are then highlighted until another
interval is selected or the ELMOFF command is issued. It is necessary
to use MEASURE first to gather the information used by this command.
ELMOFF: deactivate the ELM command.
CAD: import CAD/CAM geometry
USEIGES: include the file that contains the IGES surface and
3D curve evaluations.
If the same surfaces or 3D curves to be evaluated were already
evaluated in a previous session of TrueGrid and saved using the SAVEIGES
command, then this command will retrieve the data and save time.
The surface and 3D curve evaluations command IGESFILE, IGESSD, IGESCD,
NURBSD, SD or CURD must also be issued after this command to take
advantage of the data.
IGES: extract and evaluate all 3D curves and surfaces from an IGES file.
TrueGrid can use 3D curves, NURBS surfaces, planes, trimmed parametric
surfaces and surfaces other than bounded surfaces (type 143). B-Rep solid
model entities are not evaluated.
Four arguments are required for this command.
The first is the file name.
The second is the first defined surface number to be assigned
to the first surface in the IGES file.
The NURBS surfaces are processed first, followed by other surfaces,
with the planes added last to the set of defined surfaces.
The next argument is the first defined 3D curve number to be
assigned to the first 3D curve encountered in the IGES file.
The last argument is the transformation to be applied to the surfaces
and 3D curves.
This command is the simplest way to use IGES data with the drawback that
the evaluation of all 3D curves and surfaces may be time consuming.
To save the evaluations for future re-use, issue the SAVEIGES command.
The next time this IGES file is used, issue the USEIGES command first to
save time in the evaluation of the entities.
IGESFILE: sort the entities from a CAD/CAM IGES file.
The PC version of TrueGrid may have difficulty reading an IGES file created
on a UNIX system because null characters may be included in a string.
This problem can be solved by opening the IGES file with a text editor and
making the proper changes.
TrueGrid can use 3D curves, NURBS surfaces, planes, trimmed parametric
surfaces and surfaces other than bounded surfaces (type 143). B-Rep solid
model entities are not evaluated.
This command initializes an internal data base that TrueGrid uses
when specific IGES 3D curves or surfaces are referenced, but this command
does not evaluate the entities.
IGES 3D curves and surfaces must be evaluated before they can be displayed in
the
graphics or before a region of the mesh can be placed onto the entity.
To render a 3D curve, first use the CURD or IGESCD command to evaluate the
3D curve.
To render a NURBS surface, first use SD or NURBSD command to evaluate the
surface.
To render a plane, first use the SD or IGESPD command to evaluate the
surface.
To render another surface other than a plane or trimmed surface, use the
SD or IGESSD command to evaluate the surface.
The evaluation and display of IGES entities require additional commands
because
it is felt that the number and size of IGES entities may be overwhelming.
This way the user can select only a subset of the entities to display or use.
While in the part or merge phase, use the DCD, DACD, ACD, ACDS, RCD,
RCDS, DCDS commands
to render evaluated IGES 3D curves and use the DSD, DASD, ASD, ASDS,
RSD, RSDS, DSDS
commands to render evaluated IGES surfaces.
While in the part phase, use the CUR command to place an edge of the mesh
along an evaluated 3D curve.
Use the SF command to place a face of the mesh onto a surface.
Evaluation of surfaces and 3D curves can be time consuming.
The alternative is to evaluate the entities once and save the evaluations
using the SAVEIGES command.
Before using the same entities in another TrueGrid session, issue the
USEIGES command.
IGESCD: a sequence of IGES 3D curves
from a CAD/CAM IGES file (see IGESFILE)
are evaluated and each 3D curve is assigned a TrueGrid 3D curve definition
number.
Optionally, these 3D curves can be moved within the global coordinate system.
While in the part or merge phase, use the commands DCD, DACD, ACD, ACDS, RCD,
RCDS, and DCDS commands to select the 3D curves displayed in the graphics.
While in the part phase, use the CUR command to place a face of the mesh
along a numbered 3D curve.
IGESPD: a sequence of IGES planes
from a CAD/CAM IGES file (see IGESFILE)
are evaluated and each plane is assigned a TrueGrid surface definition
number.
Optionally, these planes can be moved within the global coordinate system.
While in the part or merge phase, use the commands DSD, DASD, ASD, ASDS, RSD,
RSDS, and DSDS commands to select the surfaces displayed in the graphics.
While in the part phase, use the SF command to place a face of the mesh
onto a numbered surface.
IGESSD: a sequence of IGES surfaces (other than planes and
NURBS surfaces) from a CAD/CAM IGES file (see IGESFILE)
are evaluated and each surface is assigned a TrueGrid surface definition
number.
Optionally, these surfaces can be moved within the global coordinate system.
While in the part or merge phase, use the commands DSD, DASD, ASD, ASDS, RSD,
RSDS, and DSDS commands to select the surfaces displayed in the graphics.
While in the part phase, use the SF command to place a face of the mesh
onto a numbered surface.
IGESLBLS: toggle the flag to use IGES labels for surfaces.
NURBSD: a sequence of NURBS surfaces from a CAD/CAM IGES file (see IGESFILE)
are evaluated and each surface is assigned a TrueGrid surface definition
number.
Optionally, these surfaces can be moved within the global coordinate system.
While in the part or merge phase, use the commands DSD, DASD, ASD, ASDS, RSD,
RSDS, and DSDS commands to select the surfaces displayed in the graphics.
While in the part phase, use the SF command to place a face of the mesh
onto a numbered surface.
SAVEIGES: save the IGES surface and 3D curve evaluations in a file.
This should be issued after the IGESFILE, IGESSD, IGESCD, NURBSD,
SD and CURD commands are issued which evaluate selected surfaces and
3D curves.
If some of these same surfaces or 3D curves are required in future
TrueGrid sessions, use the command USEIGES before issuing the evaluations
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