skinning.cpp

选自《3D游戏编程》第5章 实战例题：3D编程技术的实战例题

/**-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 * \brief 使用D3D API的贴皮例题
 * 文件: Skinning.cpp
 *
 * 说明: 使用D3D的基本API功能的矩阵调色贴皮
 *
 *------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 */

#include <d3d9.h>
#include <d3dx9.h>



/**-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 *  全局参数
 *------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 */
LPDIRECT3D9             g_pD3D       = NULL; /// 创建D3D设备的D3D对象参数
LPDIRECT3DDEVICE9       g_pd3dDevice = NULL; /// 渲染中使用的D3D设备
LPDIRECT3DVERTEXBUFFER9 g_pVB        = NULL; /// 储存顶点的顶点缓冲
LPDIRECT3DINDEXBUFFER9	g_pIB        = NULL; /// 储存索引的索引缓冲
LPDIRECT3DTEXTURE9      g_pTexture   = NULL; /// 纹理

D3DXMATRIXA16			g_mat0;	/// 0号矩阵
D3DXMATRIXA16			g_mat1;	/// 1号矩阵

/// 定义用户顶点的结构体
struct CUSTOMVERTEX
{
    D3DXVECTOR3	position;		/// 顶点的变换坐标
	FLOAT		b[3];			/// blend weight
	DWORD		index;			/// blend index
    DWORD		color;			/// 顶点颜色
	FLOAT		tu,tv;			/// 纹理坐标
};

/// 表现用户顶点结构体相关信息的FVF值
/// D3DFVF_XYZB4 : 四个混合值 
/// D3DFVF_LASTBETA_UBYTE4 : 最后的DWORD index值了四个unisgned byte型
#define D3DFVF_CUSTOMVERTEX (D3DFVF_XYZB4|D3DFVF_LASTBETA_UBYTE4|D3DFVF_DIFFUSE|D3DFVF_TEX1)

struct MYINDEX
{
	WORD	_0, _1, _2;		/// 索引一般具有16位的大小值.
};


/**-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 * Direct3D初始化
 *------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 */
HRESULT InitD3D( HWND hWnd )
{
    /// 创建一个用来创建设备的D3D对象
    if( NULL == ( g_pD3D = Direct3DCreate9( D3D_SDK_VERSION ) ) )
        return E_FAIL;

    /// 创建设备的结构体
    /// 绘制复杂对象时需要Z－缓冲.
    D3DPRESENT_PARAMETERS d3dpp;
    ZeroMemory( &d3dpp, sizeof(d3dpp) );
    d3dpp.Windowed = TRUE;
    d3dpp.SwapEffect = D3DSWAPEFFECT_DISCARD;
    d3dpp.BackBufferFormat = D3DFMT_UNKNOWN;
    d3dpp.EnableAutoDepthStencil = TRUE;
    d3dpp.AutoDepthStencilFormat = D3DFMT_D16;

    /// 创建设备
    if( FAILED( g_pD3D->CreateDevice( D3DADAPTER_DEFAULT, D3DDEVTYPE_HAL, hWnd,
                                      D3DCREATE_SOFTWARE_VERTEXPROCESSING,
                                      &d3dpp, &g_pd3dDevice ) ) )
    {
        return E_FAIL;
    }

    /// 起到卷起功能.
    g_pd3dDevice->SetRenderState( D3DRS_CULLMODE, D3DCULL_NONE );

    /// 起到Z－缓冲功能.
    g_pd3dDevice->SetRenderState( D3DRS_ZENABLE, TRUE );

    /// 顶点具有颜色值，能起到光源功能.
    g_pd3dDevice->SetRenderState( D3DRS_LIGHTING, FALSE );

	/// 使用矩阵调色
    g_pd3dDevice->SetRenderState( D3DRS_INDEXEDVERTEXBLENDENABLE, TRUE );

	/// 权重为四个（不是印刷错误，确实是四个）
    g_pd3dDevice->SetRenderState( D3DRS_VERTEXBLEND, D3DVBF_3WEIGHTS );

    return S_OK;
}




/**-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 * 创建顶点缓冲，设置顶点值.
 *------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 */
HRESULT InitVB()
{
    /// 创建顶点缓冲
    if( FAILED( g_pd3dDevice->CreateVertexBuffer( 50*2*sizeof(CUSTOMVERTEX),
                                                  0, D3DFVF_CUSTOMVERTEX,
                                                  D3DPOOL_DEFAULT, &g_pVB, NULL ) ) )
    {
        return E_FAIL;
    }

    CUSTOMVERTEX* pVertices;
    if( FAILED( g_pVB->Lock( 0, 0, (void**)&pVertices, 0 ) ) )
        return E_FAIL;
    for( DWORD i=0; i<50; i++ )
    {
        FLOAT theta = (2*D3DX_PI*i)/(50-1);

        pVertices[2*i+0].position	= D3DXVECTOR3( sinf(theta),-1.0f, cosf(theta) );
        pVertices[2*i+0].b[0]		= 1.0f;
        pVertices[2*i+0].b[1]		= 0.0f;
        pVertices[2*i+0].b[2]		= 0.0f;
        pVertices[2*i+0].index		= 0x0000;			/// 0号权重受到1.0的0号矩阵影响
        pVertices[2*i+0].color		= 0xffffffff;
        pVertices[2*i+0].tu       = ((FLOAT)i)/(50-1);
        pVertices[2*i+0].tv       = 1.0f;

        pVertices[2*i+1].position = D3DXVECTOR3( sinf(theta), 1.0f, cosf(theta) );
        pVertices[2*i+1].b[0]		= 0.5f;
        pVertices[2*i+1].b[1]		= 0.5f;
        pVertices[2*i+1].b[2]		= 0.0f;
        pVertices[2*i+1].index		= 0x0001;			/// 0号权重受到0.5的1号矩阵影响
        pVertices[2*i+1].color    = 0xff808080;			
        pVertices[2*i+1].tu       = ((FLOAT)i)/(50-1);
        pVertices[2*i+1].tv       = 0.0f;
    }
    g_pVB->Unlock();


    return S_OK;
}


/**-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 * 创建索引缓冲，设置索引值.
 *------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 */
HRESULT InitIB()
{
    return S_OK;
}


/**-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 * 几何信息初始化
 *------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 */
HRESULT InitGeometry()
{
	if( FAILED( InitVB() ) ) return E_FAIL;
	if( FAILED( InitIB() ) ) return E_FAIL;

    if( FAILED( D3DXCreateTextureFromFile( g_pd3dDevice, "lake.bmp", &g_pTexture ) ) )
    {
        return E_FAIL;
    }

	return S_OK;
}


/**-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 * 创建摄像机矩阵
 *------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 */
void SetupCamera()
{
	/// 创建世界矩阵
    D3DXMATRIXA16 matWorld;
	D3DXMatrixIdentity( &matWorld );
    g_pd3dDevice->SetTransform( D3DTS_WORLD, &matWorld );

    /// 创建视图矩阵
    D3DXVECTOR3 vEyePt( 0.0f, 2.0f,-3.0f );
    D3DXVECTOR3 vLookatPt( 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f );
    D3DXVECTOR3 vUpVec( 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f );
    D3DXMATRIXA16 matView;
    D3DXMatrixLookAtLH( &matView, &vEyePt, &vLookatPt, &vUpVec );
    g_pd3dDevice->SetTransform( D3DTS_VIEW, &matView );

    /// 创建投影矩阵
    D3DXMATRIXA16 matProj;
    D3DXMatrixPerspectiveFovLH( &matProj, D3DX_PI/4, 1.0f, 1.0f, 100.0f );
    g_pd3dDevice->SetTransform( D3DTS_PROJECTION, &matProj );
}

/**-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 * 创建动画矩阵
 *------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 */
VOID Animate()
{
	/// 0号矩阵是单位矩阵
	D3DXMatrixIdentity( &g_mat0 );

	/// 改变0~2PI（0~360度）的值 使用Fixed Point技巧
	DWORD d = GetTickCount() % ( (int)((D3DX_PI*2) * 1000) );
	/// Y轴旋转矩阵
    D3DXMatrixRotationY( &g_mat1, d / 1000.0f );
}



/**-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 * 删除初始化对象
 *------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 */
VOID Cleanup()
{
    if( g_pTexture != NULL )        
        g_pTexture->Release();

    if( g_pIB != NULL )        
        g_pIB->Release();

    if( g_pVB != NULL )        
        g_pVB->Release();

    if( g_pd3dDevice != NULL ) 
        g_pd3dDevice->Release();

    if( g_pD3D != NULL )       
        g_pD3D->Release();
}


/**-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 * 绘制网格
 *------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 */
void DrawMesh( void )
{
    g_pd3dDevice->SetStreamSource( 0, g_pVB, 0, sizeof(CUSTOMVERTEX) );
    g_pd3dDevice->SetFVF( D3DFVF_CUSTOMVERTEX );
	g_pd3dDevice->DrawPrimitive( D3DPT_TRIANGLESTRIP, 0, 2*50-2 );
}

/**-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 * 绘图
 *------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 */
VOID Render()
{
	D3DXMATRIXA16	matWorld;

    /// 后置缓冲和Z－缓冲初始化
    g_pd3dDevice->Clear( 0, NULL, D3DCLEAR_TARGET|D3DCLEAR_ZBUFFER, D3DCOLOR_XRGB(255,255,255), 1.0f, 0 );

	/// 创建动画矩阵
	Animate();
    /// 开始渲染
    if( SUCCEEDED( g_pd3dDevice->BeginScene() ) )
    {

		/// 在0号矩阵调色创建单位矩阵
		g_pd3dDevice->SetTransform( D3DTS_WORLDMATRIX(0), &g_mat0 );
		/// 在1号矩阵调色创建旋转矩阵
		g_pd3dDevice->SetTransform( D3DTS_WORLDMATRIX(1), &g_mat1 );
        g_pd3dDevice->SetTexture( 0, g_pTexture );
        g_pd3dDevice->SetTextureStageState( 0, D3DTSS_COLOROP,   D3DTOP_MODULATE );
        g_pd3dDevice->SetTextureStageState( 0, D3DTSS_COLORARG1, D3DTA_TEXTURE );
        g_pd3dDevice->SetTextureStageState( 0, D3DTSS_COLORARG2, D3DTA_DIFFUSE );
        g_pd3dDevice->SetTextureStageState( 0, D3DTSS_ALPHAOP,   D3DTOP_DISABLE );

		DrawMesh();

        /// 结束渲染
        g_pd3dDevice->EndScene();
    }

    /// 显示后置缓冲的画面!
    g_pd3dDevice->Present( NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL );
}




/**-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 * 窗口过程
 *------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 */
LRESULT WINAPI MsgProc( HWND hWnd, UINT msg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam )
{
    switch( msg )
    {
        case WM_DESTROY:
            Cleanup();
            PostQuitMessage( 0 );
            return 0;
    }

    return DefWindowProc( hWnd, msg, wParam, lParam );
}




/**-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 * 程序的起始地址
 *------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 */
INT WINAPI WinMain( HINSTANCE hInst, HINSTANCE, LPSTR, INT )
{
    /// 注册窗口类
    WNDCLASSEX wc = { sizeof(WNDCLASSEX), CS_CLASSDC, MsgProc, 0L, 0L,
                      GetModuleHandle(NULL), NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL,
                      "BasicFrame", NULL };
    RegisterClassEx( &wc );

    /// 创建窗口
    HWND hWnd = CreateWindow( "BasicFrame", "Skinning",
                              WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, 100, 100, 500, 500,
                              GetDesktopWindow(), NULL, wc.hInstance, NULL );

    /// Direct3D初始化
    if( SUCCEEDED( InitD3D( hWnd ) ) )
    {
        if( SUCCEEDED( InitGeometry() ) )
        {
			/// 创建摄像机矩阵
			SetupCamera();

        	/// 显示窗口
			ShowWindow( hWnd, SW_SHOWDEFAULT );
			UpdateWindow( hWnd );

        	/// 消息循环
			MSG msg;
			ZeroMemory( &msg, sizeof(msg) );
			while( msg.message!=WM_QUIT )
			{
            	/// 消息队列中有消息时，调用相应的处理过程
				if( PeekMessage( &msg, NULL, 0U, 0U, PM_REMOVE ) )
				{
					TranslateMessage( &msg );
					DispatchMessage( &msg );
				}
				else
				/// 如果没有需要处理的消息，调用Render()函数
					Render();
			}
		}
    }

	/// 删除注册的类
    UnregisterClass( "D3D Tutorial", wc.hInstance );
    return 0;
}