sms2.cpp

描述学生管理系统的程序代码

/*头文件*/
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>   /*其它说明*/
#include<string.h>   /*字符串函数*/
#include<conio.h>
#include<time.h>

#define LEN sizeof(STUDENT)

typedef struct stu   /*定义结构体数组用于缓存数据*/
{
    char num[6];
    char name[5];
    int score[3];
    int sum;
    float average;
    int order;
    struct stu *next;
}STUDENT;


/*函数原型*/
STUDENT  *init();    /*初始化函数*/
int menu_select();   /*菜单函数*/
STUDENT *create();   /*创建链表*/
void print(STUDENT *head);   /* 显示全部记录*/
void search(STUDENT *head);    /*查找记录*/
void memoryFree(STUDENT *head); /*释放原链表的内存 */
STUDENT *modify(STUDENT *head);/*修改*/
STUDENT *delete1(STUDENT *head);   /*删除记录*/
STUDENT *sort(STUDENT *head);    /*排序*/
STUDENT *insert(STUDENT *head);
void save(STUDENT *head);     /*保存文件*/
STUDENT *load();        /*读文件*/



/*主函数界面*/
main()
{
    STUDENT *head,*new1;
    head=init();       /*链表初始化,使head的值为NULL*/
    for(;;)            /*循环无限次*/
    {
      switch(menu_select())
      {
        case 1:
        {
         //释放原链表的内存
         memoryFree(head);
         head=create();
         break;
        }
        case 2:print(head);break;
        case 3:search(head);break;
        case 4:head=modify(head);break;
        case 5:head=delete1(head);break;
        case 6:head=sort(head);break;
        case 7:head=insert(head);break;  /*&new1表示返回地址*/
        case 8:save(head);break;
        case 9:
        {//释放原链表的内存
         memoryFree(head);
         head=load();
         break;
        }
        case 10:exit(0);       /*如菜单返回值为10则程序结束*/
      }
      system("pause");
    }
}
/*初始化函数*/
STUDENT *init()
{
    return NULL;  /*返回空指针*/
}

/*菜单选择函数*/
int menu_select()
{
    int n=0;
    //printf("press any key to enter the menu......");   /*按任一键进入主菜单*/
    //getchar();    /*从键盘读取一个字符,但不显示于屏幕*/
    system("cls");
    printf("********************************************************************************\n");
    printf("\t\t                Welcome to\n");
    printf("\n\t\t      The student score manage system\n");
    printf("*************************************MENU***************************************\n");
    printf("\t\t\t1. Enter the record\n");            /*输入学生成绩记录*/
    printf("\t\t\t2. Print the record\n");            /*显示*/
    printf("\t\t\t3. Search record on name\n");       /*寻找*/
    printf("\t\t\t4. modify a record\n");             /*修改*/
    printf("\t\t\t5. delete a record\n");             /*删除*/
    printf("\t\t\t6. Sort to make a new file\n");     /*排序*/
    printf("\t\t\t7. Insert record to list\n");       /*插入*/
    printf("\t\t\t8. Save the file\n");               /*保存*/
    printf("\t\t\t9. Load the file\n");               /*读取*/
    printf("\t\t\t10. Quit\n");                       /*退出*/
    printf("\n\n\t\t        |----Current Time----|\n");
    printf("********************************************************************************\n");

    /*显示当前系统日期*/
    char *wday[]={"Sun","Mon","Tue","Wed","Thu","Fri","Sat"};
    time_t timep;
    struct tm *p;
    time(&timep);
    p=gmtime(&timep);
    printf("\t\t\t%d-%d-%d",(1900+p->tm_year), (1+p->tm_mon),p->tm_mday);
    printf("\t%s %d:%d:%d\n", wday[p->tm_wday], p->tm_hour + 8, p->tm_min, p->tm_sec);

    do{
        printf("\n\t\t\tEnter your choice(1~10):");
        scanf("%d",&n);
        
    }while(n < 1 || n > 10);    /*如果选择项不在1~10之间则重输*/
    system("cls");
    return(n);           /*返回选择项，主函数根据该数调用相应的函数*/
}


/*输入函数*/
STUDENT *create()
{
    int i,s;
    STUDENT *head=NULL,*p;  /* 定义函数.此函数带回一个指向链表头的指针*/
    for(;;)
    {
        p=(STUDENT *)malloc(LEN);  /*开辟一个新的单元*/
        if(!p)   /*如果指针p为空*/
        {
            printf("\nOut of memory.");   /*输出内存溢出*/
            return (head);  /*返回头指针,下同*/
        }
        printf("Enter the num($:list end):");
        scanf("%s",p->num);
        if(p->num[0]=='$') break;    /*如果学号首字符为0则结束输入*/
        printf("Enter the name:");
        scanf("%s",p->name);
        printf("Please enter the %d scores\n",3);  /*提示开始输入成绩*/
        s=0;                /*计算每个学生的总分，初值为0*/
        for(i=0;i<3;i++)    /*3门课程循环3次*/
        {
            do{
                printf("score%d:",i+1);
                scanf("%d",&p->score[i]);
                if(p->score[i]<0 || p->score[i]>100)   /*确保成绩在0~100之间*/
                printf("Data error,please enter again.\n");
            }while(p->score[i]<0 || p->score[i]>100);

            s=s+p->score[i];   /*累加各门成绩*/
        }
        p->sum=s;     /*将总分保存*/
        p->average=(float)s/3;  /*先用强制类型转换将s转换成float型,再求平均值*/
        p->order=0;             /*未排序前此值为0*/
        p->next=head;           /*将头结点做为新输入结点的后继结点*/
        head=p;                 /*新输入结点为新的头结点*/
    }
    return(head);
}


/* 显示全部记录函数*/
void print(STUDENT *head)
{
    int i=0;     /* 统计记录条数*/
    STUDENT *p;  /*移动指针*/
    p=head;      /*初值为头指针*/
    printf("\n************************************STUDENT************************************\n");
    printf("-------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n");
    printf("| Rec |   Num   |   Name   |  Sc1  |  Sc2  |  Sc3  |  Sum  |   Ave   | Order |\n");
    printf("-------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n");
    while(p!=NULL)
    {
        i++;
        printf("| %3d |  %4s   |   %-4s   |  %3d  |  %3d  |  %3d  |  %3d  |  %4.2f  |  %-5d|\n",
        i, p->num,p->name,p->score[0],p->score[1],p->score[2],p->sum,p->average,p->order);
        p=p->next;
    }
    printf("-------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n");
    printf("**************************************END**************************************\n");
}


/*查找记录函数*/
void search(STUDENT *head)
{
    if( head == NULL)
    {
        printf("the list is empty, please insert data before!!!\n");
        return;
    }
    STUDENT *p;    /*  移动指针*/
    char s[20];     /*存放姓名用的字符数组*/
    printf("Please enter name for searching.\n");
    scanf("%s",s);
    p=head;    /*将头指针赋给p*/
    while(p != NULL && strcmp(p->name,s))  /*当记录的姓名不是要找的，或指针不为空时*/
        p=p->next;     /*移动指针，指向下一结点*/
    if(p!=NULL)         /*如果指针不为空*/
    {
        printf("\n*************************************FOUND************************************\n");
        printf("-------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n");
        printf("|     Num    |    Name    |  sc1  |  sc2  |  sc3  |  Sum  |   Ave   | Order |\n");
        printf("-------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n");
        printf("|     %4s   |    %4s    |  %3d  |  %3d  |  %3d  |  %3d  |  %4.2f  |  %-5d|\n",
            p->num,p->name,p->score[0],p->score[1],p->score[2],p->sum,p->average,p->order);
        printf("-------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n");
        printf("***************************************END**************************************\n");
    }
    else
        printf("\nThere is no num %s student on the list.\n",s);   /*显示没有该学生*/
}


/*删除记录函数*/
STUDENT *delete1(STUDENT *head)
{
    if( head == NULL)
    {
        printf("the list is empty, please insert data before!!!\n");
        return NULL;
    }
    int n;
    STUDENT *p1,*p2;  /*p1为查找到要删除的结点指针，p2为其前驱指针*/
    char c,s[20];     /*s[6]用来存放学号,c用来输入字母*/
    printf("Please enter the delete1d num: ");
    scanf("%s",s);
    p1=p2=head;    /*给p1和p2赋初值头指针*/
    while(p1 != NULL && strcmp(p1->num,s))   /*当记录的学号不是要找的，或指针不为空时*/
    {
        p2=p1;            /*将p1指针值赋给p2作为p1的前驱指针*/
        p1=p1->next;      /*将p1指针指向下一条记录*/
    }
    if(p1!= NULL && strcmp(p1->num,s)==0)  /*学号找到了*/
    {
        printf("**************************************FOUND************************************\n");
        printf("-------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n");
        printf("|     Num    |    Name    |  sc1  |  sc2  |  sc3  |  Sum  |   Ave   | Order |\n");
        printf("-------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n");
        printf("|     %4s   |    %4s    |  %3d  |  %3d  |  %3d  |  %3d  |  %4.2f  |  %-5d|\n",
            p1->num,p1->name,p1->score[0],p1->score[1],p1->score[2],p1->sum,p1->average,p1->order);
        printf("-------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n");
        printf("***************************************END**************************************\n");
        printf("Are you sure to delete1 the student Y/N ?"); /*提示是否要删除,输入Y删除,N则退出*/
        for(;;)
        {
            scanf("%c",&c);
            if(c=='n'||c=='N') break;  /*如果不删除,则跳出本循环*/
            if(c=='y'||c=='Y')
            {
                if(p1==head)       /*若p1==head，说明被删结点是首结点*/
                    head=p1->next;     /*把第二个结点地址赋予head*/
                else
                    p2->next=p1->next;  /*否则将一下结点地址赋给前一结点地址*/
                n=n-1;
                printf("\nNum %s student have been delete1d.\n",s);
                printf("Don't forget to save.\n");
                sort(head);
                break;  /*删除后就跳出循环*/
            }
        }
    }
    else
        printf("\nThere is no num %s student on the list.\n",s);  /*找不到该结点*/
    return(head);
}
/*修改函数*/
STUDENT *modify(STUDENT *head)
{
        if( head == NULL)
    {
        printf("the list is empty, please insert data before!!!\n");
        return NULL;
    }
    int n;
    STUDENT *p1,*p2;  /*p1为查找到要删除的结点指针，p2为其前驱指针*/
    char c,s[20];     /*s[6]用来存放学号,c用来输入字母*/
    printf("Please enter the modify num: ");
    scanf("%s",s);
    p1=p2=head;    /*给p1和p2赋初值头指针*/
    while(p1 != NULL && strcmp(p1->num,s))   /*当记录的学号不是要找的，或指针不为空时*/
    {
        p2=p1;            /*将p1指针值赋给p2作为p1的前驱指针*/
        p1=p1->next;      /*将p1指针指向下一条记录*/
    }
    if(p1!= NULL && strcmp(p1->num,s)==0)  /*学号找到了*/
    {