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<html><head><title>zeroth</title></head><body bgcolor=white><h1 align=center>Description of the program: <font color=Blue>zeroth</font></h1><hr>This program makes a zeroth order ansatz and estimates the one stepprediction errors of the model on a multivariate time series. This isdone by searching for all neighbors of the point to be forecasted andtaking as its image the average of the images of the neighbors. Thegiven forecast errors are normalized to the standard deviations of eachcomponent.In addition to using a multicomponent time series atemporal embedding is possible. Thus one has to give twodimensions. The first is the number of components, the second thetemporal embedding. This is realized by giving two numbers to theoption <font color=blue>m</font> seperated by a comma.<p><h4>Usage of the <font color=blue>-c</font> and <font color=blue>-m</font> flags</b></h4>By default the first <font color=blue>m</font> columns of a file areused. This behaviour can by modified by means of the <fontcolor=blue>-c</font> flag. It takes a series of numbers separated bycommas. The numbers represent the colomns. For instance <fontcolor=red>-m 3,1 -c 3,5,7</font> means, use three components with noadditional temporal embedding, reading columns 3, 5 and 7. It is notnecessary to give the full number of components to the <fontcolor=blue>-c</font> flag. If numbers are missing, the string isfilled up starting with the smallest number, larger than the largestgiven. For instance, <font color=red>-m 3,1 -c 3</font> would resultin reading columns 3, 4 and 5.<hr><h2 align=center>Usage:</h2><center><font color=Red>zeroth [Options]</font><p>Everything not being a valid option will be interpreted as a potential datafile name. Given no datafile at all, means read stdin. Also <font color=Red>-</font> means stdin<p>Possible options are:<p><table border=2><tr><th>Option<th>Description<th>Default</tr><tr><th>-l#<td>number of points to use<td>whole file</tr><tr><th>-x#<td>number of lines to be ignored<td>0</tr><tr><th>-m#<td>number of components of the time series,embedding dimension<td>1,2</tr><tr><th>-c#<td><a href=../general.html#columns>columns to be read</a><td>1,2,...,'number of components'</tr><tr><th>-d#<td>delay for the embedding<td>1</tr><tr><th>-n#<td>for how many points should the error be calculated<td>all</tr><tr><th>-S#<td>temporal distance between the reference points<td>1</tr><tr><th>-k#<td>minimal numbers of neighbors for the fit<td>30</tr><tr><th>-r#<td>neighborhood size to start with<td>(data interval)/1000</tr><tr><th>-f#<td>factor to increase the neighborhood size<br> if not enoughneighbors were found<td>1.2</tr><tr><th>-s#<td>steps to be forecasted x<sub>n+steps</sub>=av(x<sub>i+steps</sub>)<td>1</tr><tr><th>-C#<td><a href="causality.html">width of causality window</a><td>steps to be forecasted</tr><tr><th>-o[#]<td><a href=../general.html#outfile>output file name</a><td>without file name: 'datafile'.zer<br>(or stdin.zer if stdin was read)<br>If no -o is given stdout is used</tr><tr><th>-V#<td><a href=../general.html#verbosity>verbosity level</a><br> 0: only panic messages<br> 1: add input/output messages<br> 2: write also the individual forecast errors for thereference points. if steps (<font color=blue>-s</font>)is larger thanone only the largest one is printed.<td>1</tr><tr><th>-h<td>show these options<td>none</tr></table></center><hr><h2 align=center>Description of the Output</h2>The output consists of <font color=blue>s</font> lines, each of whichcontaining the steps forecasted (first column) and the relativeforecast errors (next columns) for each component of the vectorseperately. Relative means that the forecast erroris devided by the standard deviation of the vector component.<p>If the Verbosity level is larger than 1, the output also containsthe individual forecast error for each component of each referencepoint.</p><hr>View the <a href="../../source_c/zeroth.c"> C-sources</a>.<hr><hr><a href=../contents.html>Table of Contents</a> * <a href="../../index.html" target="_top">TISEAN home</a></body></html>⌨️ 快捷键说明
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