📄 transforms 变换.htm
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style="mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">对（<SPAN
lang=EN-US>x，y，z）和矩阵执行以下操作产生点（x'，y'，z'）。<o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
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style="mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN lang=EN-US
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style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">最常见的变换是平移、旋转和缩放。可以将产生这些效果的矩阵合并成单个矩阵，这样就可以一次计算多种变换。例如，可以构造单个矩阵，对一系列的点进行平移和旋转。更多信息，请参阅<U>矩阵串接</U>。<SPAN
lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
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style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">矩阵以行列顺序书写。一个沿每根轴均匀缩放顶点的矩阵，也称为统一缩放，用如下数学符号表示。<SPAN
lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
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style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">在<SPAN
lang=EN-US>C++应用程序中，Microsoft®
Direct3D®使用<U>D3DMATRIX</U>结构，将矩阵声明为一个二维数组。以下示例代码显示了如何初始化一个<B
style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal">D3DMATRIX</B>结构，使之成为一个统一缩放矩阵。<o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
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style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">//</SPAN><SPAN
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style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: green; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">
本例中，s为浮点类型的变量</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
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lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">D3DMATRIX
scale = {<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
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style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN><SPAN
class=GramE>s</SPAN>,<SPAN
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<H1><A name=平移和缩放>平移和缩放</A></H1><SPAN style="mso-bookmark: 平移和缩放"></SPAN>
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<H2><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial">平移</SPAN><SPAN
lang=EN-US style="mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></H2>
<P>以下变换将点（<SPAN lang=EN-US>x，y，z）平移到一个新的点（x'，y'，z'）。</SPAN></P>
<P><SPAN lang=EN-US><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id=_x0000_i1060
style="WIDTH: 179.25pt; HEIGHT: 77.25pt" type = "#_x0000_t75" coordsize =
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"Transform_files/image004.gif"></v:imagedata></v:shape><![endif]--><![if !vml]><img border=0 width=239 height=103
src="Transform_files/image004.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1060"><![endif]></SPAN></P>
<P>可以在<SPAN
lang=EN-US>C++应用程序中手工创建一个平移矩阵。以下示例代码显示了的一个函数的源码，该函数创建一个矩阵用于平移顶点。</SPAN></P><PRE><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt">D3DXMATRIX <SPAN class=GramE>Translate(</SPAN>const float <SPAN class=SpellE>dx</SPAN>, const float <SPAN class=SpellE>dy</SPAN>, const float <SPAN class=SpellE>dz</SPAN>) {<o:p></o:p></SPAN></PRE><PRE><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>D3DXMATRIX ret;<o:p></o:p></SPAN></PRE><PRE><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></PRE><PRE><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>D3DXMatrixIdentity(&ret);<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: blue">//</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: green"> 由Direct3DX实现</SPAN><o:p></o:p></SPAN></PRE><PRE><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN><SPAN class=GramE>ret(</SPAN>3, 0) = <SPAN class=SpellE>dx</SPAN>;<o:p></o:p></SPAN></PRE><PRE><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN><SPAN class=GramE>ret(</SPAN>3, 1) = <SPAN class=SpellE>dy</SPAN>;<o:p></o:p></SPAN></PRE><PRE><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN><SPAN class=GramE>ret(</SPAN>3, 2) = <SPAN class=SpellE>dz</SPAN>;<o:p></o:p></SPAN></PRE><PRE><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN><SPAN class=GramE>return</SPAN> ret;<o:p></o:p></SPAN></PRE><PRE><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt">}<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: blue">//</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: green"> 平移结束</SPAN><o:p></o:p></SPAN></PRE>
<P>为了方便，<SPAN
lang=EN-US>Direct3DX工具库提供了<U>D3DXMatrixTranslation</U>函数。<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<H2><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial">缩放</SPAN><SPAN
lang=EN-US style="mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></H2>
<P>以下变换用指定值缩放点（<SPAN lang=EN-US>x，y，z）的x-，y-和z-方向，产生新的点（x'，y'，z'）。</SPAN></P>
<P><SPAN lang=EN-US><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id=_x0000_i1061
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"Transform_files/image005.gif"></v:imagedata></v:shape><![endif]--><![if !vml]><img border=0 width=236 height=101
src="Transform_files/image005.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1061"><![endif]></SPAN></P>
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