📄 顶点声明.htm
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<o:Created>2003-06-01T14:29:00Z</o:Created>
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<P class=MsoNormal
style="mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 1"><A
name=顶点声明><B><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 24pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN">顶点声明<SPAN
lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></B></A></P><SPAN
style="mso-bookmark: 顶点声明"></SPAN>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN lang=EN-US
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<P class=MsoNormal
style="mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN">从概念上讲，顶点声明是对顶点直接内存访问（<SPAN
lang=EN-US>DMA）以及图形流水线的</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN class=SpellE><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN">tessellator</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN">引擎进行编程的一种方法。顶点声明简要地表示了数据的布局及</SPAN><SPAN
class=SpellE><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN">tessellator</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN">操作。为了解决<SPAN
lang=EN-US>Microsoft® DirectX®
8.x中顶点声明的复杂性和可扩展性，9.0版引入了用来表示顶点数据流的新格式。<o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN">顶点着色器和顶点声明不再是在<SPAN
class=SpellE><SPAN
lang=EN-US>CreateVertexShader</SPAN></SPAN>的时候绑定在一起。对着色器的验证已经被分成两部分，一部分在顶点着色器创建时执行，另一部分在<SPAN
class=SpellE><SPAN
lang=EN-US>DrawPrimitive</SPAN></SPAN>时执行。顶点着色器和顶点声明都由相应的对象表示。<SPAN
lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN
class=SpellE><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN">Decls</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN">不再用<SPAN
lang=EN-US>DWORD流表示。它们现在用一个<B
style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal">D3DVERTEXELEMENT9</B>结构的数组表示。数组中的每个元素描述一个顶点元素。<o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P>另外，为了解决<SPAN lang=EN-US>API的可用性问题，9.0版增加了一个与<SPAN
class=SpellE>SetVertexDeclaration</SPAN>调用等价的<SPAN
class=SpellE>SetFVF</SPAN>调用。这是一个有用的函数，当调用这个函数时，新的FVF会取代当前的顶点声明，反之亦然。如果驱动程序是DirectX
8.0之前的版本（<SPAN
class=SpellE>NumStream</SPAN>为0），那么对于那些不能被转换成弹性顶点格式（FVF）的顶点声明，<SPAN
class=SpellE>SetVertexDeclaration</SPAN>可能会失败并返回错误码。<SPAN
class=SpellE>SetFVF</SPAN>既能用于固定功能顶点流水线，又能用于可编程顶点流水线。在内部，系统会根据<U><A
href="http://www.gesoftfactory.com/developer/VD.htm#把FVF映射到DirectX90的Decl">把FVF映射到DirectX
9.0中的Decl</A></U>中定义的规则，把FVF码转换为顶点着色器声明。在编写顶点着色器函数中的DCL命令时，应该紧记这一点。因为这个转换的关系，所有后面的讨论将仅限于顶点声明。<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<H2><SPAN lang=EN-US>D3DVERTEXELEMENT9结构</SPAN></H2>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN">以下是<SPAN
lang=EN-US>D3DVERTEXELEMENT9结构中的域以及说明。<o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<UL type=disc>
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lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN">Stream（数据流）
- 数据流的编号，当前域会从该编号的数据流中读取。<o:p></o:p></SPAN>
<LI class=MsoNormal
style="mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-list: l22 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.0pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN">Offset（偏移量）
- 偏移量，表示当前域从哪里开始读取，以字节为单位。<o:p></o:p></SPAN>
<LI class=MsoNormal
style="mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-list: l22 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.0pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN">Type（类型）
-
输入数据的类型，以及数据在传入顶点着色器的寄存器时如何转换格式，也就是，float1,float2,short2n等等。输出的类型由方法决定，有些方法有隐式的输入类型。<o:p></o:p></SPAN>
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