📄 几何体.htm
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lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN">#define
D3DFVF_CUSTOMVERTEX (D3DFVF_XYZRHW | D3DFVF_DIFFUSE |
D3DFVF_TEX1)<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
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lang=EN-US
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lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN"><SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN><SPAN
style="COLOR: blue">//</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: green">
创建一个可裁剪的顶点缓存。在默认的内存池中分配足够的内存 </SPAN><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
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lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN"><SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN><SPAN
style="COLOR: blue">//</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: green">
以保存三个CUSTOMVERTEX结构。</SPAN><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
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lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
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lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN"><SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN><SPAN class=GramE>if(</SPAN>
FAILED( d3dDevice->CreateVertexBuffer(
3*sizeof(CUSTOMVERTEX),<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
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lang=EN-US
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style="mso-spacerun: yes">
</SPAN>0 <SPAN style="COLOR: blue">/*</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: green"> 用途
</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: blue">*/</SPAN>,
D3DFVF_CUSTOMVERTEX,<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
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lang=EN-US
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style="mso-spacerun: yes">
</SPAN>D3DPOOL_DEFAULT, &g_<SPAN class=GramE>pVB )</SPAN> )
)<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
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</SPAN><SPAN class=GramE>return</SPAN> E_FAIL;</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 13pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
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<HR align=center width="100%" SIZE=1>
</SPAN></DIV>
<H1><A name=存取顶点缓存的内容>存取顶点缓存的内容</A></H1><SPAN
style="mso-bookmark: 存取顶点缓存的内容"></SPAN>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN">
<HR align=center width="100%" SIZE=1>
</SPAN></DIV>
<P>顶点缓存对象使应用程序能直接存取为顶点数据分配的内存。应用程序可以通过调用<U><SPAN
lang=EN-US>IDirect3DVertexBuffer9::Lock</SPAN></U>方法得到一个指向顶点缓存内存的指针，然后根据需要存取内存并将新的顶点数据填入缓存，或读取已经包含的数据。<B
style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN
lang=EN-US>IDirect3DVertexBuffer9::Lock</SPAN></B>方法接收四个参数。第一个参数<I
style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><SPAN
lang=EN-US>OffsetToLock</SPAN></I>，是顶点数据中的偏移量。第二个参数是顶点数据的大小，以字节为单位。第三个参数<I
style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US>ppbData</SPAN></I>，是一个<B
style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal">字节</B>指针的地址，如果调用成功的话，该指针将会指向顶点数据。</P>
<P>最后一个参数<I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><SPAN
lang=EN-US>Flags</SPAN></I>，告诉系统如何锁定内存。应用程序应该根据顶点数据将被存取的方式给<I
style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><SPAN
lang=EN-US>Flags</SPAN></I>参数指定相应的常量。应该确保<U><SPAN
lang=EN-US>D3DUSAGE的</SPAN></U>值与<U><SPAN
lang=EN-US>D3DLOCK</SPAN></U>的值相对应。例如，如果正在创建一个只写的顶点缓存，那么试图通过指定<SPAN
lang=EN-US>D3DLOCK_READONLY标志去读取数据就没有意义。根据要求的存取类型，合理地使用这些标志允许驱动程序锁定内存并提供最佳的性能。</SPAN></P>
<P>完成写入或读取顶点数据后，应该调用<U><SPAN
lang=EN-US>IDirect3DVertexBuffer9::Unlock</SPAN></U>方法，如以下示例代码所示。</P><PRE><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: blue">//</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: green"> 本示例代码假定g_pVB为LPDIRECT3DVERTEXBUFFER9类型的变量，</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></PRE><PRE><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: blue">//</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: green"> 并且g_Vertices已经用顶点数据做了适当的初始化。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></PRE><PRE><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></PRE><PRE><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: blue">//</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: green"> 要填充顶点缓存，必须锁定缓存以取得对顶点的存取权。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></PRE><PRE><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: blue">//</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: green"> 这种机制是必要的，因为顶点缓存可能在设备内存中。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></PRE><PRE><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt">VOID* pVertices;<o:p></o:p></SPAN></PRE><PRE><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></PRE><PRE><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt">if( FAILED( g_pVB->Lock( 0,<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: blue">//</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: green"> 从缓存的开始处填充。</SPAN><o:p></o:p></SPAN></PRE><PRE><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>sizeof(g_Vertices), <SPAN style="COLOR: blue">//</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: green"> 要载入数据的大小。</SPAN><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN><o:p></o:p></SPAN></PRE><PRE><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>(BYTE**)&pVertices, <SPAN style="COLOR: blue">//</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: green"> 返回的顶点数据。</SPAN><o:p></o:p></SPAN></PRE><PRE><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>0 ) ) )<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: blue">//</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: green"> 设置默认的锁定标志位。</SPAN><o:p></o:p></SPAN></PRE><PRE><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN><SPAN class=GramE>return</SPAN> E_FAIL;<o:p></o:p></SPAN></PRE><PRE><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></PRE><PRE><SPAN class=GramE><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt">memcpy(</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"> pVertices, g_Vertices, sizeof(g_Vertices) );<o:p></o:p></SPAN></PRE><PRE><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt">g_pVB-><SPAN class=GramE>Unlock(</SPAN>);<o:p></o:p></SPAN></PRE><PRE><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 13pt"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN><o:p></o:p></SPAN></PRE><PRE><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 13pt"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN><o:p></o:p></SPAN></PRE>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt"><B
style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">注意</SPAN></B><B
style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN"><SPAN
style="mso-tab-count: 1"> </SPAN></SPAN></B><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">如果应用程序用</SPAN><SPAN
lang=EN-US style="mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN">D3DUSAGE_WRITEONLY</SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">标志创建一个顶点缓存，那么不要用</SPAN><SPAN
lang=EN-US style="mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN">D3DLOCK_READONLY</SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">锁定标志。如果应用程序只从顶点缓存中读取数据，那么应该使用</SPAN><SPAN
lang=EN-US style="mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN">D3DLOCK_READONLY</SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">标志。如果对内存的存取是只读的，那么包含这个标志使</SPAN><SPAN
lang=EN-US style="mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN">Microsoft® Direct3D®</SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">能够优化它的内部处理并提高效率。</SPAN><SPAN
lang=EN-US style="mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P
style="tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt">有关把<SPAN
lang=EN-US>D3DLOCK_DISCARD或D3DLOCK_NOOVERWRITE标志作为<B
style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal">IDirect3DVertexBuffer9::Lock</B>方法的<I
style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal">Flags</I>参数的更多信息，请参阅<U>使用动态顶点和索引缓存</U>。</SPAN></P>
<P
style="tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt">因为<SPAN
lang=EN-US>C++应用程序直接存取为顶点缓存分配的内存，所以要确保应用程序正确地存取分配的内存。否则，存在渲染无效内存的风险。应用程序在从分配的缓存中的一个顶点移到另一个时，应该使用顶点格式的步距（stride）。顶点缓存内存是一个在弹性顶点格式中指定的简单的顶点数组。对于应用程序定义的任何顶点格式结构，都应使用步距。应用程序可以通过在运行的时候检查顶点缓存描述中包含的<U>D3DFVF</U>来计算步距。下表显示了每个顶点成员（vertex
component）的大小。</SPAN></P>
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cellPadding=0 border=0>
<TBODY>
<TR style="mso-yfti-irow: 0">
<TD
style="PADDING-RIGHT: 0.75pt; PADDING-LEFT: 0.75pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0.75pt; PADDING-TOP: 0.75pt">
<P class=MsoNormal style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><B><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">顶点格式标志</SPAN></B><B><SPAN
lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P></TD>
<TD
style="PADDING-RIGHT: 0.75pt; PADDING-LEFT: 0.75pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0.75pt; PADDING-TOP: 0.75pt">
<P class=MsoNormal style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><B><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">大小</SPAN></B><B><SPAN
lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P></TD></TR>
<TR style="mso-yfti-irow: 1">
<TD
style="PADDING-RIGHT: 0.75pt; PADDING-LEFT: 0.75pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0.75pt; PADDING-TOP: 0.75pt">
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN">D3DFVF_DIFFUSE</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></TD>
<TD
style="PADDING-RIGHT: 0.75pt; PADDING-LEFT: 0.75pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0.75pt; PADDING-TOP: 0.75pt">
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN">sizeof(<B>DWORD</B>)</SPAN><SPAN
lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></TD></TR>
<TR style="mso-yfti-irow: 2">
<TD
style="PADDING-RIGHT: 0.75pt; PADDING-LEFT: 0.75pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0.75pt; PADDING-TOP: 0.75pt">
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN">D3DFVF_NORMAL</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></TD>
<TD
style="PADDING-RIGHT: 0.75pt; PADDING-LEFT: 0.75pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0.75pt; PADDING-TOP: 0.75pt">
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN">sizeof(<B>float</B>) </SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">×</SPAN><SPAN
lang=EN-US style="mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN"> 3</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></TD></TR>
<TR style="mso-yfti-irow: 3">
<TD
style="PADDING-RIGHT: 0.75pt; PADDING-LEFT: 0.75pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0.75pt; PADDING-TOP: 0.75pt">
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN">D3DFVF_SPECULAR</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
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