📄 设备.htm
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<DIV class=MsoNormal style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN">
<HR align=center width="100%" SIZE=1>
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<P class=MsoNormal><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN">注意<SPAN
lang=EN-US><SPAN style="mso-tab-count: 1">
</SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></B><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN">由<SPAN
lang=EN-US>Microsoft®
Direct3D®对象创建的所有渲染设备共享相同的物理资源。虽然应用程序可以从单个Direct3D对象创建多个渲染设备，但因为它们共享相同的硬件，所以会导致严重的性能下降。<o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN">要在<SPAN
lang=EN-US>C++应用程序中创建一个Direct3D设备，应用程序必须先创建一个Direct3D对象，如<U>Direct3D对象</U>中所述。<o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN">首先，初始化用于创建<SPAN
lang=EN-US>Direct3D设备的<U>D3DPRESENT_PARAMETERS</U>结构的值。以下示例代码指定了一个窗口应用程序，其后缓存（back
buffer）只有在垂直回扫（VSYNC）时才翻转到前缓存（front buffer）。<o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN">LPDIRECT3DDEVICE9
pDevice = NULL;<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
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lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN">D3DPRESENT_PARAMETERS
d3dpp; <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN">ZeroMemory(
&d3dpp, sizeof(d3dpp) );<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN">d3dpp.Windowed<SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>= TRUE;<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN">d3dpp.SwapEffect
= D3DSWAPEFFECT_COPY;<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN">下一步，创建<SPAN
lang=EN-US>Direct3D设备。以下<U>IDirect3D9::CreateDevice</U>调用指定了默认的适配器，硬件抽象层（HAL）设备，以及软件顶点处理。<o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN">if(
FAILED( g_pD3D->CreateDevice( D3DADAPTER_DEFAULT, D3DDEVTYPE_HAL,
hWnd,<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN"><SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes">
</SPAN>D3DCREATE_SOFTWARE_VERTEXPROCESSING,<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN"><SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes">
</SPAN>&d3dpp, &d3dDevice ) ) )<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN"><SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>return
E_FAIL;<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN">注意，对创建、释放或重置设备的调用应该仅发生在焦点窗口的窗口处理函数所在的线程中。<SPAN
lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN">创建设备后，应该设置它的状态。<SPAN
lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN">
<HR align=center width="100%" SIZE=1>
</SPAN></DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 1"><A
name=选择设备><B><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 24pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 18.0pt; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN">选择设备<SPAN
lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></B></A></P><SPAN
style="mso-bookmark: 选择设备"></SPAN>
<DIV class=MsoNormal style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN">
<HR align=center width="100%" SIZE=1>
</SPAN></DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN">要检测硬件支持的<SPAN
lang=EN-US>Microsoft®
Direct3D®设备类型，应用程序可以对硬件进行查询。本节包含了枚举显示适配器和选择Direct3D设备所涉及到的主要任务的信息。<o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto"><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN">要选择适当的<SPAN
lang=EN-US>Direct3D设备，应用程序必须执行一系列任务。注意以下步骤是全屏应用程序使用的。大多数情况下，窗口应用程序可以跳过其中的多数步骤。<o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></P>
<OL type=1>
<LI class=MsoNormal
style="mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; mso-list: l37 level1 lfo2"><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN">首先，应用程序必须枚举系统中的显示适配器。一个适配器是一块物理硬件。注意图形卡可能包含一个以上适配器，如双头显示的情况。与多显示器无关的应用程序可以忽略这一步，并在第<SPAN
lang=EN-US>2步时将D3DADAPTER_DEFAULT参数传给<U>IDirect3D9::EnumAdapterModes</U>方法。<o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN>
<LI class=MsoNormal
style="mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; mso-list: l37 level1 lfo2"><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN">对每一个适配器，应用程序通过调用<B
style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN
lang=EN-US>IDirect3D9::EnumAdapterModes</SPAN></B>枚举该适配器支持的显示模式。<SPAN
lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN>
<LI class=MsoNormal
style="mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; mso-list: l37 level1 lfo2"><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN">如果需要，应用程序可以通过调用<U><SPAN
lang=EN-US>IDirect3D9::CheckDeviceType</SPAN></U>检查每一个被枚举的显示模式是否具备硬件加速，如以下示例代码所示。注意这仅是<B
style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><SPAN
lang=EN-US>IDirect3D9::CheckDeviceType</SPAN></B>的用法之一，更多细节请参阅<U>检测硬件支持</U>。<SPAN
lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN> </LI></OL>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 18pt; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN">D3DPRESENT_PARAMETERS
Params;<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 18pt; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN">//</SPAN><SPAN
lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: green; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN">
初始化D3DPRESENT_PARAMETERS成员的值。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 18pt; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 18pt; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN">Params.BackBufferFormat
= D3DFMT_X1R5G5B5; <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 18pt; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 18pt; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN">if(FAILED(m_pD3D->CheckDeviceType(Device.m_uAdapter,
<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal
style="MARGIN-LEFT: 18pt; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt"><SPAN
lang=EN-US
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN"><SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes">
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