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来自「BASH Shell 编程 经典教程 《高级SHELL脚本编程》中文版」· HTML 代码 · 共 240 行

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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"><HTML><HEAD><TITLE>重定向的应用</TITLE><METANAME="GENERATOR"CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.79"><LINKREL="HOME"TITLE="高级Bash脚本编程指南"HREF="index.html"><LINKREL="UP"TITLE="I/O重定向"HREF="io-redirection.html"><LINKREL="PREVIOUS"TITLE="代码块重定向"HREF="redircb.html"><LINKREL="NEXT"TITLE="Here Document"HREF="here-docs.html"></HEAD><BODYCLASS="SECT1"BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF"TEXT="#000000"LINK="#0000FF"VLINK="#840084"ALINK="#0000FF"><DIVCLASS="NAVHEADER"><TABLESUMMARY="Header navigation table"WIDTH="100%"BORDER="0"CELLPADDING="0"CELLSPACING="0"><TR><THCOLSPAN="3"ALIGN="center">高级Bash脚本编程指南: 一本深入学习shell脚本艺术的书籍</TH></TR><TR><TDWIDTH="10%"ALIGN="left"VALIGN="bottom"><AHREF="redircb.html"ACCESSKEY="P">前一页</A></TD><TDWIDTH="80%"ALIGN="center"VALIGN="bottom">16. I/O重定向</TD><TDWIDTH="10%"ALIGN="right"VALIGN="bottom"><AHREF="here-docs.html"ACCESSKEY="N">下一页</A></TD></TR></TABLE><HRALIGN="LEFT"WIDTH="100%"></DIV><DIVCLASS="SECT1"><H1CLASS="SECT1"><ANAME="REDIRAPPS">16.3. 重定向的应用</A></H1><P>巧妙地运用I/O重定向, 能够解析和粘合命令输出的各个片断(请参考<AHREF="internal.html#READREDIR">例子 11-7</A>). 这样就可以产生报告与日志文件. </P><DIVCLASS="EXAMPLE"><HR><ANAME="LOGEVENTS"></A><P><B>例子 16-12. 事件纪录</B></P><TABLEBORDER="0"BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"WIDTH="100%"><TR><TD><FONTCOLOR="#000000"><PRECLASS="PROGRAMLISTING">  1&nbsp;#!/bin/bash  2&nbsp;# logevents.sh, 由Stephane Chazelas所编写.   3&nbsp;  4&nbsp;# 把事件记录在一个文件中.   5&nbsp;# 必须以root身份运行 (这样才有权限访问/var/log).   6&nbsp;  7&nbsp;ROOT_UID=0     # 只有$UID值为0的用户才具有root权限.  8&nbsp;E_NOTROOT=67   # 非root用户的退出错误.   9&nbsp; 10&nbsp; 11&nbsp;if [ "$UID" -ne "$ROOT_UID" ] 12&nbsp;then 13&nbsp;  echo "Must be root to run this script." 14&nbsp;  exit $E_NOTROOT 15&nbsp;fi   16&nbsp; 17&nbsp; 18&nbsp;FD_DEBUG1=3 19&nbsp;FD_DEBUG2=4 20&nbsp;FD_DEBUG3=5 21&nbsp; 22&nbsp;# 去掉下边两行注释中的一行, 来激活脚本.  23&nbsp;# LOG_EVENTS=1 24&nbsp;# LOG_VARS=1 25&nbsp; 26&nbsp; 27&nbsp;log()  # 把时间和日期写入日志文件.  28&nbsp;{ 29&nbsp;echo "$(date)  $*" &#62;&#38;7     # 这会把日期*附加*到文件中.  30&nbsp;                              # 参考下边的代码.  31&nbsp;} 32&nbsp; 33&nbsp; 34&nbsp; 35&nbsp;case $LOG_LEVEL in 36&nbsp; 1) exec 3&#62;&#38;2         4&#62; /dev/null 5&#62; /dev/null;; 37&nbsp; 2) exec 3&#62;&#38;2         4&#62;&#38;2         5&#62; /dev/null;; 38&nbsp; 3) exec 3&#62;&#38;2         4&#62;&#38;2         5&#62;&#38;2;; 39&nbsp; *) exec 3&#62; /dev/null 4&#62; /dev/null 5&#62; /dev/null;; 40&nbsp;esac 41&nbsp; 42&nbsp;FD_LOGVARS=6 43&nbsp;if [[ $LOG_VARS ]] 44&nbsp;then exec 6&#62;&#62; /var/log/vars.log 45&nbsp;else exec 6&#62; /dev/null               # 丢弃输出.  46&nbsp;fi 47&nbsp; 48&nbsp;FD_LOGEVENTS=7 49&nbsp;if [[ $LOG_EVENTS ]] 50&nbsp;then 51&nbsp;  # then exec 7 &#62;(exec gawk '{print strftime(), $0}' &#62;&#62; /var/log/event.log) 52&nbsp;  # 上面这行不能在2.04版本的Bash上运行.  53&nbsp;  exec 7&#62;&#62; /var/log/event.log        # 附加到"event.log".  54&nbsp;  log                                      # 记录日期与时间.  55&nbsp;else exec 7&#62; /dev/null                  # 丢弃输出.  56&nbsp;fi 57&nbsp; 58&nbsp;echo "DEBUG3: beginning" &#62;&#38;${FD_DEBUG3} 59&nbsp; 60&nbsp;ls -l &#62;&#38;5 2&#62;&#38;4                       # command1 &#62;&#38;5 2&#62;&#38;4 61&nbsp; 62&nbsp;echo "Done"                                # command2  63&nbsp; 64&nbsp;echo "sending mail" &#62;&#38;${FD_LOGEVENTS}   # 将字符串"sending mail"写到文件描述符#7.  65&nbsp; 66&nbsp; 67&nbsp;exit 0</PRE></FONT></TD></TR></TABLE><HR></DIV></DIV><DIVCLASS="NAVFOOTER"><HRALIGN="LEFT"WIDTH="100%"><TABLESUMMARY="Footer navigation table"WIDTH="100%"BORDER="0"CELLPADDING="0"CELLSPACING="0"><TR><TDWIDTH="33%"ALIGN="left"VALIGN="top"><AHREF="redircb.html"ACCESSKEY="P">前一页</A></TD><TDWIDTH="34%"ALIGN="center"VALIGN="top"><AHREF="index.html"ACCESSKEY="H">首页</A></TD><TDWIDTH="33%"ALIGN="right"VALIGN="top"><AHREF="here-docs.html"ACCESSKEY="N">下一页</A></TD></TR><TR><TDWIDTH="33%"ALIGN="left"VALIGN="top">代码块重定向</TD><TDWIDTH="34%"ALIGN="center"VALIGN="top"><AHREF="io-redirection.html"ACCESSKEY="U">上一级</A></TD><TDWIDTH="33%"ALIGN="right"VALIGN="top">Here Document</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV></BODY></HTML>

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