videosnd1.c

单片机VIDEO源代码及说明.其实我也不知道里面是做什么用的.我只是拿来学C编程的.

	0b01000100,
	//P
	0b11101110,
	0b10101010,
	0b11101110,
	0b10001000,
	0b10001000,
	//Q
	0b01000100,
	0b10101010,
	0b10101010,
	0b11101110,
	0b01100110,
	//R
	0b11101110,
	0b10101010,
	0b11001100,
	0b11101110,
	0b10101010,
	//S
	0b11101110,
	0b10001000,
	0b11101110,
	0b00100010,
	0b11101110,
	//T
	0b11101110,
	0b01000100,
	0b01000100,
	0b01000100,
	0b01000100, 
	//U
	0b10101010,
	0b10101010,
	0b10101010,
	0b10101010,
	0b11101110, 
	//V
	0b10101010,
	0b10101010,
	0b10101010,
	0b10101010,
	0b01000100,
	//W
	0b10101010,
	0b10101010,
	0b11101110,
	0b11101110,
	0b10101010,
	//X
	0b00000000,
	0b10101010,
	0b01000100,
	0b01000100,
	0b10101010,
	//Y
	0b10101010,
	0b10101010,
	0b01000100,
	0b01000100,
	0b01000100,
	//Z
	0b11101110,
	0b00100010,
	0b01000100,
	0b10001000,
	0b11101110
	};
	
//==================================
//This is the sync generator. It MUST be entered from 
//sleep mode to get accurate timing of the sync pulses
//At 8 MHz, all of the sync logic fits in the 5 uSec sync
//pulse
interrupt [TIM1_COMPA] void t1_cmpA(void)  
begin 
  //start the Horizontal sync pulse    
  PORTD = syncON;     
  //count timer 0 at 1/usec
  TCNT0=0;
  //update the curent scanline number
  LineCount ++ ;   
  //begin inverted (Vertical) synch after line 247
  if (LineCount==248)
  begin 
    syncON = 0b00100000;
    syncOFF = 0;
  end
  //back to regular sync after line 250
  if (LineCount==251)	
  begin
    syncON = 0;
    syncOFF = 0b00100000;
  end  
  //start new frame after line 262
  if (LineCount==263) 
  begin
     LineCount = 1;
  end  
  
  //end sync pulse
  PORTD = syncOFF;   
  
  //toggle the audio bits 
  // the two branches of the if statment 
  // must take the same number of cycles to aviod jitter on TV
  if ((notecount<halfnote))
     PORTC = 0;
  else
  begin
     PORTC = 1; 
     #asm
     nop
     #endasm
  end
  //maintain audio cycle counter
  // the two branches of the if statment 
  // must take the same number of cycles  
  if (notecount==1)
  begin
     notecount = note;    
  end
  else
  begin
     notecount-- ; 
     #asm
     nop
     #endasm
  end
       
end  

//==================================
//plot one point 
//at x,y with color 1=white 0=black 2=invert
void video_pt(char x, char y, char c)
begin
	//The following odd construction 
  	//sets/clears exactly one bit at the x,y location
	i=((int)x>>3) + ((int)y<<3) ;  
 	if (c==1) 	screen[i] = screen[i] | 1<<(7-(x & 0x7)); 
  	if (c==0)	screen[i] = screen[i] & ~(1<<(7-(x & 0x7))); 
  	if (c==2)	screen[i] = screen[i] ^ (1<<(7-(x & 0x7)));
end

//==================================
// put a big character on the screen
// c is index into bitmap
void video_putchar(char x, char y, char c)  
begin 
	char j; 
    for (j=0;j<7;j++) 
    begin
        v1 = bitmap[c][j];
        video_pt(x,   y+j, (v1 & 0x80)==0x80);
        video_pt(x+1, y+j, (v1 & 0x40)==0x40); 
        video_pt(x+2, y+j, (v1 & 0x20)==0x20);
        video_pt(x+3, y+j, (v1 & 0x10)==0x10);
        video_pt(x+4, y+j, (v1 & 0x08)==0x08);
    end
end

//==================================
// put a string of big characters on the screen
void video_puts(char x, char y, char *str)
begin
	char i ;
	for (i=0; str[i]!=0; i++)
	begin  
		if (str[i]>=0x30 && str[i]<=0x39) 
			video_putchar(x,y,str[i]-0x30);
		else video_putchar(x,y,str[i]-0x40+9);
		x = x+6;	
	end
end
      
//==================================
// put a small character on the screen
// x-cood must be on divisible by 4 
// c is index into bitmap
void video_smallchar(char x, char y, char c)  
begin 
	char mask;
	i=((int)x>>3) + ((int)y<<3) ;
	if (x == (x & 0xf8)) mask = 0x0f;
	else mask = 0xf0;
	
	screen[i] =    (screen[i] & mask) | (smallbitmap[c][0] & ~mask); 
   	screen[i+8] =  (screen[i+8] & mask) | (smallbitmap[c][1] & ~mask);
    screen[i+16] = (screen[i+16] & mask) | (smallbitmap[c][2] & ~mask);
    screen[i+24] = (screen[i+24] & mask) | (smallbitmap[c][3] & ~mask);
   	screen[i+32] = (screen[i+32] & mask) | (smallbitmap[c][4] & ~mask); 
end  

//==================================
// put a string of small characters on the screen
// x-cood must be on divisible by 4 
void video_putsmalls(char x, char y, char *str)
begin
	char i ;
	for (i=0; str[i]!=0; i++)
	begin  
		if (str[i]>=0x30 && str[i]<=0x39) 
			video_smallchar(x,y,str[i]-0x30);
		else video_smallchar(x,y,str[i]-0x40+12);
		x = x+4;	
	end
end
       
//==================================
//plot a line 
//at x1,y1 to x2,y2 with color 1=white 0=black 2=invert 
//NOTE: this function requires signed chars   
//Code is from David Rodgers,
//"Procedural Elements of Computer Graphics",1985
void video_line(char x1, char y1, char x2, char y2, char c)
begin
	char x,y,dx,dy,e,j, temp;
	char s1,s2, xchange;
	x = x1;
	y = y1;
	dx = cabs(x2-x1);
	dy = cabs(y2-y1);
	s1 = csign(x2-x1);
	s2 = csign(y2-y1);
	xchange = 0;   
	if (dy>dx)
	begin
		temp = dx;
		dx = dy;
		dy = temp;
		xchange = 1;
	end 
	e = (dy<<1) - dx;   
	for (j=0; j<=dx; j++)
	begin
		video_pt(x,y,c) ; 
		if (e>=0)
		begin
			if (xchange==1) x = x + s1;
			else y = y + s2;
			e = e - (dx<<1);
		end
		if (xchange==1) y = y + s2;
		else x = x + s1;
		e = e + (dy<<1);
	end
end

//==================================
//return the value of one point 
//at x,y with color 1=white 0=black 2=invert
char video_set(char x, char y)
begin
	//The following construction 
  	//detects exactly one bit at the x,y location
	i=((int)x>>3) + ((int)y<<3) ;  
    return ( screen[i] & 1<<(7-(x & 0x7)));   	
end

//==================================
// set up the ports and timers
void main(void)
begin 
  //init timer 1 to generate sync
  OCR1A = lineTime; 	//One NTSC line
  TCCR1B = 9; 		//full speed; clear-on-match
  TCCR1A = 0x00;	//turn off pwm and oc lines
  TIMSK = 0x10;		//enable interrupt T1 cmp 
  
  //init ports
  DDRD = 0xf0;		//video out and switches
  //D.5 is sync:1000 ohm + diode to 75 ohm resistor
  //D.6 is video:330 ohm + diode to 75 ohm resistor
   
  //init timer 0 to 1/uSec  
  TCCR0 = 2;
  
  //initialize synch constants 
  LineCount = 1;
  syncON = 0b00000000;
  syncOFF = 0b00100000;  
  
  //Print "CORNELL" 
  video_puts(13,3,cu1);
  //Print "ECE476" 
  video_puts(13,91,cu2); 
  
  //Init figure
  figure=0;
  video_putchar(40,75,36);
  
  //side lines 
  video_line(0,0,0,99,1);
  video_line(63,0,63,99,1);
  
  //top line & bottom lines
  video_line(0,0,63,0,1);
  video_line(0,99,63,99,1);
  video_line(0,11,63,11,1);
  video_line(0,89,63,89,1);
  
  //build a fuel gauge
    video_line(5,85,16,85,1);
    video_line(5,40,16,40,1);
    video_line(5,40,5,85,1);
    video_line(16,40,16,85,1);
    
    
   //init the tones 
   srand(1);
   note = 3;
   halfnote = note>>1;    
 
  //init software timer
  t=0;
  time=0;  
  
  //enable sleep mode
  MCUCR = 0b01000000;
  #asm ("sei");
  
  //The following loop executes once/video line during lines
  //1-230, then does all of the frame-end processing
  while(1)
  begin
  
   //stall here until next line starts
    //sleep enable; mode=idle  
    //use sleep to make entry into sync ISR uniform time  
       
    #asm ("sleep"); 
           
    //Put code here to execute once/line
    //During the active portion of a line;
    //--Usable lines 1 to about 240
   
    if (LineCount<ScreenBot && LineCount>=ScreenTop) 
    begin 
       //precompute pixel index for next line
       //left-shift 3 would be individual lines
       // <<2 means line-double the pixels 
       //The 0xfff8 truncates the odd line bit
       i=(LineCount-ScreenTop)<<2 & 0xfff8; //0xfff8 
       
      //load the pixels into registers
      //set up the computation, then use asm to speed it up
      
       //v1 = screen[i];
       //v2 = screen[++i];
       //v3 = screen[++i];
       //v4 = screen[++i]; 
       //v5 = screen[++i]; 
       //v6 = screen[++i];
       //v7 = screen[++i];
       //v8 = screen[++i];
 
       #asm 
       push r26
       push r27 
 
       ldi  r26,low(_screen)   ;base address of screen
       ldi  r27,high(_screen)   
       add  r26,r12            ;offset into screen (add i)
       adc  r27,r13
       ld   r4,x   	       ;load v1
       adiw r26,1              ;inc offset to next screen byte
       ld   r5,x
       adiw r26,1
       ld   r6,x  
       adiw r26,1
       ld   r7,x
       adiw r26,1
       ld   r8,x 
       adiw r26,1
       ld   r9,x
       adiw r26,1
       ld   r10,x  
       adiw r26,1
       ld   r11,x 
      
       pop  r26
       pop  r27
       #endasm 
        
      //now blast them out to the screen
        PORTD.6=v1 & 0b10000000; 
        PORTD.6=v1 & 0b01000000;
        PORTD.6=v1 & 0b00100000; 
        PORTD.6=v1 & 0b00010000;
        PORTD.6=v1 & 0b00001000; 
        PORTD.6=v1 & 0b00000100;
        PORTD.6=v1 & 0b00000010; 
        PORTD.6=v1 & 0b00000001;
        
        PORTD.6=v2 & 0b10000000; 
        PORTD.6=v2 & 0b01000000;
        PORTD.6=v2 & 0b00100000; 
        PORTD.6=v2 & 0b00010000;
        PORTD.6=v2 & 0b00001000; 
        PORTD.6=v2 & 0b00000100;
        PORTD.6=v2 & 0b00000010; 
        PORTD.6=v2 & 0b00000001; 
        
        PORTD.6=v3 & 0b10000000; 
        PORTD.6=v3 & 0b01000000;
        PORTD.6=v3 & 0b00100000; 
        PORTD.6=v3 & 0b00010000;
        PORTD.6=v3 & 0b00001000; 
        PORTD.6=v3 & 0b00000100;
        PORTD.6=v3 & 0b00000010; 
        PORTD.6=v3 & 0b00000001; 
            
        PORTD.6=v4 & 0b10000000; 
        PORTD.6=v4 & 0b01000000;
        PORTD.6=v4 & 0b00100000; 
        PORTD.6=v4 & 0b00010000;
        PORTD.6=v4 & 0b00001000; 
        PORTD.6=v4 & 0b00000100;
        PORTD.6=v4 & 0b00000010; 
        PORTD.6=v4 & 0b00000001; 
             
        PORTD.6=v5 & 0b10000000; 
        PORTD.6=v5 & 0b01000000;
        PORTD.6=v5 & 0b00100000; 
        PORTD.6=v5 & 0b00010000;
        PORTD.6=v5 & 0b00001000; 
        PORTD.6=v5 & 0b00000100;
        PORTD.6=v5 & 0b00000010; 
        PORTD.6=v5 & 0b00000001;
             
        PORTD.6=v6 & 0b10000000; 
        PORTD.6=v6 & 0b01000000;
        PORTD.6=v6 & 0b00100000; 
        PORTD.6=v6 & 0b00010000;
        PORTD.6=v6 & 0b00001000; 
        PORTD.6=v6 & 0b00000100;
        PORTD.6=v6 & 0b00000010; 
        PORTD.6=v6 & 0b00000001; 
            
        PORTD.6=v7 & 0b10000000; 
        PORTD.6=v7 & 0b01000000;
        PORTD.6=v7 & 0b00100000; 
        PORTD.6=v7 & 0b00010000; 
        PORTD.6=v7 & 0b00001000; 
        PORTD.6=v7 & 0b00000100;
        PORTD.6=v7 & 0b00000010; 
        PORTD.6=v7 & 0b00000001;
         
             
        PORTD.6=v8 & 0b10000000; 
        PORTD.6=v8 & 0b01000000;
        PORTD.6=v8 & 0b00100000; 
        PORTD.6=v8 & 0b00010000;
        PORTD.6=v8 & 0b00001000; 
        PORTD.6=v8 & 0b00000100;
        
        PORTD.6=v8 & 0b00000010; 
        PORTD.6=v8 & 0b00000001;  
        
        PORTD.6=0 ; 
        
    end
    
    //The following code executes during the vertical blanking
    //Code here can be as long as  63 uSec/line
    //For a total of 30 lines x 63.5 uSec/line x 8 cycles/uSec 
    
    if (LineCount==231)
    begin 
           
           
 	   //animate the fuel gauge
 	   //erase the old one
 	   gaugeY=84-(t>>1);
 	   video_line(6,gaugeY,15,gaugeY,0);
 	   video_smallchar(8,gaugeY-5,12);  
 	   video_smallchar(12,gaugeY-5,12);
 	   t++ ; // 1/60 second counter
 	   //draw the new one 
 	   gaugeY=84-(t>>1);
 	   video_line(6,gaugeY,14,gaugeY,1);
 	   sprintf(ts,"%03d",(t>>1)); 
 	   video_smallchar(8,gaugeY-5,ts[1]-0x30);  
 	   video_smallchar(12,gaugeY-5,ts[2]-0x30);
 	  
 	   //keep track of seconds    
       if (t > 59)
       begin
       		//erase the last gauge entry  
       		gaugeY=84-(t>>1);
 	   		video_line(6,gaugeY,15,gaugeY,0);
 	   		video_smallchar(8,gaugeY-5,12);  
 	   		video_smallchar(12,gaugeY-5,12);
 	   		
            t=0;
 	   		//inc second count
            time++;
        	//print the time
            sprintf(ts,"%05d",time);
            video_putsmalls(36,83,ts+1);  
            
            //udate figure
            if (figure==0)
            begin
            	figure=1;
            	video_putchar(40,75,37);
            end
            else
            begin
            	figure=0;
            	video_putchar(40,75,36); 
            end
       end   
        
       
       //make the note scale 
       //tnote is the duration of each note in 1/60 second units
       if (tnote++ == 15)
       begin 
       tnote = 0;
       //update tone 
       //inote is index into notes
            if (inote++==15)
            	inote=0;
            note = notes[inote];
            halfnote = note>>1;
        end
        
             
     end  //line 231
  end  //while
end  //main