gtk-server_tutorial.html

gtk_server的源代码

<span style="font-family: courier new,courier,monospace;">#</span><br
 style="font-family: courier new,courier,monospace;">
<span style="font-family: courier new,courier,monospace;"># AWK Hello
world application using GTK</span><br
 style="font-family: courier new,courier,monospace;">
<span style="font-family: courier new,courier,monospace;">#</span><br
 style="font-family: courier new,courier,monospace;">
<span style="font-family: courier new,courier,monospace;">BEGIN{</span><br
 style="font-family: courier new,courier,monospace;">
<br style="font-family: courier new,courier,monospace;">
<span style="font-family: courier new,courier,monospace;">GTK =
"gtk-server -stdin"<br>
<br>
print "gtk_init NULL NULL" |&amp; GTK; GTK |&amp; getline<br>
print "gtk_window_new 0" |&amp; GTK; GTK |&amp; getline WINDOW<br>
print "gtk_window_set_title " WINDOW " \"This is a title\"" |&amp; GTK;
GTK |&amp; getline<br>
print "gtk_table_new 30 30 1" |&amp; GTK; GTK |&amp; getline TABLE<br>
print "gtk_container_add " WINDOW " " TABLE |&amp; GTK; GTK |&amp;
getline<br>
print "gtk_label_new \"Hello world\"" |&amp; GTK; GTK |&amp; getline LABEL<br>
print "gtk_table_attach_defaults " TABLE " " LABEL " 1 29 3 7"
|&amp; GTK; GTK |&amp; getline<br>
</span><span style="font-family: courier new,courier,monospace;"> print
"gtk_button_new_with_label Exit" |&amp; GTK; GTK |&amp; getline BUTTON<br>
print "gtk_table_attach_defaults " TABLE " " BUTTON " 20 28 23
27" |&amp; GTK; GTK |&amp; getline<br>
</span><span style="font-family: courier new,courier,monospace;">print
"gtk_widget_show " LABEL |&amp; GTK; GTK |&amp; getline<br>
</span><span style="font-family: courier new,courier,monospace;">print
"gtk_widget_show " BUTTON |&amp; GTK; GTK |&amp; getline<br>
</span><span style="font-family: courier new,courier,monospace;">print
"gtk_widget_show " TABLE |&amp; GTK; GTK |&amp; getline</span><br>
</small> <span style="font-family: courier new,courier,monospace;"><small>print
"gtk_widget_show " WINDOW |&amp; GTK; GTK |&amp; getline<br>
<br>
EVENT = 0<br>
<br>
do {<br>
<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; print "gtk_main_iteration" |&amp; GTK; GTK |&amp;
getline<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; print "gtk_server_callback 0" |&amp; GTK;
GTK |&amp; getline EVENT<br>
<br>
} while (EVENT != BUTTON)<br>
<br>
close(GTK)<br>
fflush("")<br>
}</small> <br>
</span><br>
------------------<br>
<br>
Let's take a closer look at the mainloop. We have defined the GTK
function "gtk_main_iteration" in the configfile. It will run once,
triggered by any GTK event, and update all GTK widgets accordingly. But
the function "gtk_server_callback" cannot be found in the configfile!
Why not? Because this is an internal function of the GTK-server. It
retrieved the last occured signal from the GTK library. If a signal was
emitted, the GTK-server returns the widget ID. Else a '0' is returned. In the
AWK script above the return value is captured in a variable, which is checked
in the 'while' of the mainloop.<br>
<br>
If the mainloop closes, the 2-way pipe to the GTK-server will be closed
as well. Finally, all AWK buffers are flushed.<br>
<br>
<br>
<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;">
<a name="chapter8"></a>
<h2>Chapter 8. GTK programming - closing the main window.</h2>
You may find that it is not possible to close your window with the
regular closing facility's of your windowmanager. In Windows you cannot
use the cross at the right top of the window. However, this is
perfectly
ok since the 'delete' signal emitted by the main window is not captured
in the AWK script!<br>
<br>
In order to close the window in a regular way (without the EXIT
button), we must define a callback signal for our main window. The name
of the signal when we try to close the window, is called
"delete-event".
Our configfile must be changed to this:<br>
<br>
------------------<br>
<br>
<small><span style="font-family: courier new,courier,monospace;">#<br>
LIB_NAME = libgtk-x11-2.0.so<br
 style="font-family: courier new,courier,monospace;">
</span><span style="font-family: courier new,courier,monospace;">#<br>
FUNCTION_NAME = gtk_init, NONE, NONE, 2, NULL, NULL<br>
</span><span style="font-family: courier new,courier,monospace;">
FUNCTION_NAME = gtk_window_new, delete-event, WIDGET, 1, LONG<br>
FUNCTION_NAME = gtk_window_set_title, NONE, NONE, 2, WIDGET, STRING<br>
</span><span style="font-family: courier new,courier,monospace;">
FUNCTION_NAME = gtk_table_new, NONE, WIDGET, 3, LONG, LONG, LONG<br>
FUNCTION_NAME = gtk_container_add, NONE, NONE, 2, WIDGET, WIDGET<br>
FUNCTION_NAME = gtk_label_new, NONE, WIDGET, 1, STRING<br>
FUNCTION_NAME = gtk_table_attach_defaults, NONE, NONE, 6, WIDGET,
WIDGET, LONG, LONG, LONG, LONG<br>
FUNCTION_NAME = gtk_button_new_with_label, CLICK, WIDGET, 1, STRING<br>
FUNCTION_NAME = gtk_widget_show, NONE, NONE, 1, WIDGET<br>
FUNCTION_NAME = gtk_main_iteration, NONE, WIDGET, 0<br>
</span><span style="font-family: courier new,courier,monospace;"></span></small><small><span
 style="font-family: courier new,courier,monospace;"></span></small><small><span
 style="font-family: courier new,courier,monospace;"></span><span
 style="font-family: courier new,courier,monospace;"></span></small><br>
------------------<br>
<br>
As you can see, the GTK function "gtk_window_new" is redefined with the
callback signal "delete-event". Please make
sure you do not use capitals for the GTK signal!<br>
<br>
If we run our AWK script now, the main window will listen to the
"delete-event" signal. However, we must change our mainloop also, to
really exit the application. Below a suggestion on how to do this:<br>
<br>
------------------<br>
<br>
<small><span style="font-family: courier new,courier,monospace;">#!/usr/bin/gawk
-f</span><br style="font-family: courier new,courier,monospace;">
<span style="font-family: courier new,courier,monospace;">#</span><br
 style="font-family: courier new,courier,monospace;">
<span style="font-family: courier new,courier,monospace;"># AWK Hello
world application using GTK</span><br
 style="font-family: courier new,courier,monospace;">
<span style="font-family: courier new,courier,monospace;">#</span><br
 style="font-family: courier new,courier,monospace;">
<span style="font-family: courier new,courier,monospace;">BEGIN{</span><br
 style="font-family: courier new,courier,monospace;">
<br style="font-family: courier new,courier,monospace;">
<span style="font-family: courier new,courier,monospace;">GTK =
"gtk-server -stdin"<br>
<br>
print "gtk_init NULL NULL" |&amp; GTK; GTK |&amp; getline<br>
print "gtk_window_new 0" |&amp; GTK; GTK |&amp; getline WINDOW<br>
print "gtk_window_set_title " WINDOW " \"This is a title\"" |&amp; GTK;
GTK |&amp; getline<br>
print "gtk_table_new 30 30 1" |&amp; GTK; GTK |&amp; getline TABLE<br>
print "gtk_container_add " WINDOW " " TABLE |&amp; GTK; GTK |&amp;
getline<br>
print "gtk_label_new \"Hello world\"" |&amp; GTK; GTK |&amp; getline LABEL<br>
print "gtk_table_attach_defaults " TABLE " " LABEL " 1 29 3 7"
|&amp; GTK; GTK |&amp; getline<br>
</span><span style="font-family: courier new,courier,monospace;"> print
"gtk_button_new_with_label Exit" |&amp; GTK; GTK |&amp; getline BUTTON<br>
print "gtk_table_attach_defaults " TABLE " " BUTTON " 20 28 23
27" |&amp; GTK; GTK |&amp; getline<br>
</span><span style="font-family: courier new,courier,monospace;">print
"gtk_widget_show " LABEL |&amp; GTK; GTK |&amp; getline<br>
</span><span style="font-family: courier new,courier,monospace;">print
"gtk_widget_show " BUTTON |&amp; GTK; GTK |&amp; getline<br>
</span><span style="font-family: courier new,courier,monospace;">print
"gtk_widget_show " TABLE |&amp; GTK; GTK |&amp; getline</span><br>
<span style="font-family: courier new,courier,monospace;">print
"gtk_widget_show " WINDOW |&amp; GTK; GTK |&amp; getline<br>
<br>
EVENT = 0<br><br>
</span></small>
<small><span
 style="font-family: courier new,courier,monospace;"> do {<br>
<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; print "gtk_main_iteration" |&amp; GTK; GTK |&amp;
getline<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; print "gtk_server_callback 0" |&amp; GTK;
GTK |&amp; getline EVENT<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></small>
<small><span style="font-family: courier new,courier,monospace;"> <br>
} while (EVENT != BUTTON &amp;&amp; EVENT != WINDOW)<br>
<br>
close(GTK)<br>
fflush("")<br>
}<br>
</span></small> <br>
<br>
<hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;">
<a name="chapter9"></a>
<h2>Chapter 9. Using colors.</h2>
It is also possible to use colors in your application. This might seem
strange since the coloring of widgets is a sake of GDK instead of GTK.
However, with the GTK-server you can use GTK commands for coloring
widgets.<br>
<br>
In our example, let's try to color the button. First we have to
give this widget a particular name. Let's name it "exitbutton". After
the name has been set, the script has to read an external file which
contains the color definitions.<br>
<br>
------------------<br>
<br>
<small><span style="font-family: courier new,courier,monospace;">#!/usr/bin/gawk
-f</span><br style="font-family: courier new,courier,monospace;">
<span style="font-family: courier new,courier,monospace;">#</span><br
 style="font-family: courier new,courier,monospace;">
<span style="font-family: courier new,courier,monospace;"># AWK Hello
world application using GTK</span><br
 style="font-family: courier new,courier,monospace;">
<span style="font-family: courier new,courier,monospace;">#</span><br
 style="font-family: courier new,courier,monospace;">
<span style="font-family: courier new,courier,monospace;">BEGIN{</span><br
 style="font-family: courier new,courier,monospace;">
<br style="font-family: courier new,courier,monospace;">
<span style="font-family: courier new,courier,monospace;">GTK =
"gtk-server -stdin"<br>
<br>
print "gtk_init NULL NULL" |&amp; GTK; GTK |&amp; getline<br>
print "gtk_window_new 0" |&amp; GTK; GTK |&amp; getline WINDOW<br>
print "gtk_window_set_title " WINDOW " \"This is a title\"" |&amp; GTK;
GTK |&amp; getline<br>
print "gtk_table_new 30 30 1" |&amp; GTK; GTK |&amp; getline TABLE<br>
print "gtk_container_add " WINDOW " " TABLE |&amp; GTK; GTK |&amp;
getline<br>
print "gtk_label_new \"Hello world\"" |&amp; GTK; GTK |&amp; getline LABEL<br>
print "gtk_table_attach_defaults " TABLE " " LABEL " 1 29 3 7"
|&amp; GTK; GTK |&amp; getline<br>
</span><span style="font-family: courier new,courier,monospace;"> print
"gtk_button_new_with_label Exit" |&amp; GTK; GTK |&amp; getline BUTTON<br>
print "gtk_widget_set_name " BUTTON " exitbutton" |&amp; GTK; GTK
|&amp; getline<br>
print "gtk_table_attach_defaults " TABLE " " BUTTON " 20 28 23
27" |&amp; GTK; GTK |&amp; getline<br>
print "gtk_rc_parse gtkrc" |&amp; GTK; GTK |&amp; getline<br>
</span><span style="font-family: courier new,courier,monospace;">print
"gtk_widget_show " LABEL |&amp; GTK; GTK |&amp; getline<br>
</span><span style="font-family: courier new,courier,monospace;">print
"gtk_widget_show " BUTTON |&amp; GTK; GTK |&amp; getline<br>
</span><span style="font-family: courier new,courier,monospace;">print
"gtk_widget_show " TABLE |&amp; GTK; GTK |&amp; getline</span><br>
<span style="font-family: courier new,courier,monospace;">print
"gtk_widget_show " WINDOW |&amp; GTK; GTK |&amp; getline<br>
<br>
EVENT = 0<br>
</span></small>
<small><span
 style="font-family: courier new,courier,monospace;"> do {<br>
<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; print "gtk_main_iteration" |&amp; GTK; GTK |&amp;
getline<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; print "gtk_server_callback 0" |&amp; GTK;
GTK |&amp; getline EVENT</span></small><br>
<small><span style="font-family: courier new,courier,monospace;"> <br>
} while (EVENT != BUTTON &amp;&amp; EVENT != WINDOW)<br>
<br>
close(GTK)<br>
fflush("")<br>
}</span></small><br>
<br>
------------------<br>
<br>
As you can see the commands <small><span
 style="font-family: courier new,courier,monospace;">gtk_widget_set_name
</span></small>and <small><span
 style="font-family: courier new,courier,monospace;">gtk_rc_parse</span></small>
are used. The first command sets the name, the second reads the
colordefinitions. Of course these commands should be available in the
configfile as well:<br>
<br>
------------------<br>
<br>
<small><span style="font-family: courier new,courier,monospace;">#<br>
LIB_NAME = libgtk-x11-2.0.so<br
 style="font-family: courier new,courier,monospace;">
</span><span style="font-family: courier new,courier,monospace;">#<br>
FUNCTION_NAME = gtk_init, NONE, NONE, 2, NULL, NULL<br>
</span><span style="font-family: courier new,courier,monospace;">
FUNCTION_NAME = gtk_window_new, delete-event, WIDGET, 1, LONG<br>
FUNCTION_NAME = gtk_window_set_title, NONE, NONE, 2, WIDGET, STRING<br>
</span><span style="font-family: courier new,courier,monospace;">
FUNCTION_NAME = gtk_table_new, NONE, WIDGET, 3, LONG, LONG, LONG<br>
FUNCTION_NAME = gtk_container_add, NONE, NONE, 2, WIDGET, WIDGET<br>
FUNCTION_NAME = gtk_label_new, NONE, WIDGET, 1, STRING<br>
FUNCTION_NAME = gtk_table_attach_defaults, NONE, NONE, 6, WIDGET,
WIDGET, LONG, LONG, LONG, LONG<br>
FUNCTION_NAME = gtk_button_new_with_label, CLICK, WIDGET, 1, STRING<br>
</span></small><span style="font-family: courier new,courier,monospace;"><small><span
 style="font-family: courier new,courier,monospace;"></span></small></span><small><span
 style="font-family: courier new,courier,monospace;">FUNCTION_NAME =
gtk_widget_show, NONE, NONE, 1, WIDGET<br>
FUNCTION_NAME = gtk_main_iteration, NONE, WIDGET, 0<br>
</span></small><span style="font-family: courier new,courier,monospace;"><span
 style="font-family: courier new,courier,monospace;"><small><span
 style="font-family: courier new,courier,monospace;">FUNCTION_NAME =
gtk_widget_set_name, NONE, NONE, 2, WIDGET, STRING<br>
FUNCTION_NAME = gtk_rc_parse, NONE, NONE, 1, STRING<br>
</span></small></span></span><small><span
 style="font-family: courier new,courier,monospace;"></span></small><small><span
 style="font-family: courier new,courier,monospace;"></span><span
 style="font-family: courier new,courier,monospace;"></span></small><br>