📄 fulltext.pdf
字号:
<!doctype html public "-//w3c//dtd html 4.0 transitional//en">
<html>
<head><title>
SpringerLink - Log In - Resource Secured
</title><link rel="shortcut icon" type="image/x-icon" href="/profiles/springerlink/favicon_springerlink.ico" /><meta http-equiv="Page-Exit" content="blendTrans(Duration=0)" /><link href="/dynamic-file.axd?id=2b27ca6d-3abf-4829-bead-033f9eb541a2&m=True" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" /><link rel="Stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/MetaPress.Web.UI.Controls.DhtmlTabControl.css" /></head>
<body>
<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-8138583500318868";
google_alternate_color = "ECECEC";
google_ad_width = 160;
google_ad_height = 600;
google_ad_format = "160x600_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
//2006-12-18: Link
google_ad_channel = "5599067338";
google_color_border = "ECECEC";
google_color_bg = "ECECEC";
google_color_link = "5A597B";
google_color_text = "000000";
google_color_url = "0000CC";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="/ajaxpro/prototype.ashx"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="/ajaxpro/core.ashx"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="/ajaxpro/ms.ashx"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="/ajaxpro/converter.ashx"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="/ajaxpro/MetaPress.Hosting.UI.Page,MetaPress.Hosting.ashx"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="/ajaxpro/MetaPress.Products.Reader.Web.UI.PrimitiveHeadingControl,MetaPress.Products.Reader.ashx"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="/ajaxpro/MetaPress.Products.Reader.Application.RightsChecking.AjaxRightsChecker,MetaPress.Products.Reader.ashx"></script>
<form name="aspnetForm" method="post" action="?target=fulltext.pdf&sid=vbisofqd55vuolilt0jdpzuu&sh=www.springerlink.com" id="aspnetForm">
<div>
<input type="hidden" name="__EVENTTARGET" id="__EVENTTARGET" value="" />
<input type="hidden" name="__EVENTARGUMENT" id="__EVENTARGUMENT" value="" />
<input type="hidden" name="__LASTFOCUS" id="__LASTFOCUS" value="" />
<input type="hidden" name="__VIEWSTATE" id="__VIEWSTATE" value="/wEPDwUKLTc0MTIzMTk3MmQYAQUeX19Db250cm9sc1JlcXVpcmVQb3N0QmFja0tleV9fFgEFNGN0bDAwJE1haW5QYWdlQ29udGVudCRjdGwwMCRjdGwwMiRSZW1lbWJlck1lQ2hlY2tCb3jpFDG2mrP72mfTt/9UyGKE6NQiLg==" />
</div>
<script type="text/javascript">
//<![CDATA[
var theForm = document.forms['aspnetForm'];
if (!theForm) {
theForm = document.aspnetForm;
}
function __doPostBack(eventTarget, eventArgument) {
if (!theForm.onsubmit || (theForm.onsubmit() != false)) {
theForm.__EVENTTARGET.value = eventTarget;
theForm.__EVENTARGUMENT.value = eventArgument;
theForm.submit();
}
}
//]]>
</script>
<script src="/jsMath/plugins/noImageFonts.js" type="text/javascript"></script><script> var isIE = false; </script> <!--[if IE]> <script> isIE = true; </script> <![endif]--><script type="text/javascript" src="/dynamic-file.axd?id=96dbad60-59e0-4bb4-af85-fb05ee4af20b&m=True"></script>
<div>
<input type="hidden" name="__EVENTVALIDATION" id="__EVENTVALIDATION" value="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" />
</div>
<!-- google_ad_section_start(weight=ignore) -->
<table class="outerTable" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr valign="top" >
<td class="leftMainColumn">
<div class="logo">
<a href="../../../home/main.mpx">
<img src="/images/springerlink-logo.gif" height="50" width="180" alt="SpringerLink Logo" />
</a>
</div>
<div id="ctl00_PersonalizationPanel">
<div id="institutionalLoginRenderAsControl" class="MetaPress_Products_Reader_Web_UI_Controls_RecognizedAsControlBody">
<b><a href="http://www.springerlink.com/institutional-login.aspx?returnUrl=http%3a%2f%2fwww.springerlink.com%2fcontent%2fl67ehgktpqt9cf7v%2fresource-secured%2f%3ftarget%3dfulltext.pdf%26sid%3dvbisofqd55vuolilt0jdpzuu%26sh%3dwww.springerlink.com">Institutional Login</a></b>
</div>
<div class="MetaPress_Products_Reader_Web_UI_Controls_LoggedInAsControlHeading">
Welcome!
</div><div class="MetaPress_Products_Reader_Web_UI_Controls_LoggedInAsControlBody">
To use the personalized features of this site, please <b><a href="https://commerce.metapress.com/identities/me/">log in</a></b> or <b><a href="https://commerce.metapress.com/identities/registration/">register</a></b>.
</div><div class="MetaPress_Products_Reader_Web_UI_Controls_LoggedInAsControlBody">
If you have forgotten your username or password, we can <b><a href="https://commerce.metapress.com/identities/help/">help</a></b>.
</div>
<div class="PersonalizationMenuHeader">
My Menu
</div>
<div class="defaultPadding">
<div class="PersonalizationMenuItem">
<a class=" markedItemsNoItems" id="ctl00_ctl11_ctl00_Menu_ctl01_MarkedItemsLink" href="/marked-items/" collection="SelectedPrimitives" isSelectedItemsLink="true" displayCount="true">Marked Items<span id="ctl00_ctl11_ctl00_Menu_ctl01_MarkedItemsLink_Count"> </span></a>
</div>
<div class="PersonalizationMenuItem">
<a href="../../../personalization/saved-items.mpx?view=alertable">
Alerts
</a>
</div>
<div class="PersonalizationMenuItem">
<a href="../../../account/orders.mpx">
Order History
</a>
</div>
</div>
<div class="PersonalizationMenuHeader">
Saved Items
</div>
<div class="defaultPadding">
<div class="PersonalizationMenuItem">
<a href="../../../personalization/saved-items.mpx" id="ctl00_ctl12_ctl00_Menu_ctl01_A1" label="All" count="0">
⌨️ 快捷键说明
复制代码
Ctrl + C
搜索代码
Ctrl + F
全屏模式
F11
切换主题
Ctrl + Shift + D
显示快捷键
?
增大字号
Ctrl + =
减小字号
Ctrl + -