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<td colspan="2" bgcolor="FFE3F3"> 更新时间:2008-6-20 15:37:15 【字体:<a href="javascript:fontZoomA();" class="top_UserLogin">小</a> <a href="javascript:fontZoomB();" class="top_UserLogin">大</a>】</td>
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子宫颈是阴道通向子宫的通道,也是预防阴道内病原菌侵入子宫腔、腹腔的重要防线。但当宫颈被损伤、机体抵抗力下降时,易受病原体感染,从而易发生<STRONG>宫颈炎</STRONG>。</P>
<P> 宫颈炎是生育年龄妇女的常见病,约占门诊总数的 40%~ 50%。宫颈炎的临床表现与早期宫颈癌极其相似,不易鉴别,且因宫颈癌的发生与宫颈炎有一定关系,故广大妇女应对其引起足够的重视。</P>
<P> 宫颈易被分娩、宫腔操作损伤,当宫颈管黏膜柱状上皮层变薄时,其抗感染能力减弱,故易受病原体感染。慢性宫颈炎的病原体主要为葡萄球菌、链球菌、大肠杆菌及厌氧菌。目前沙眼衣原体及淋病奈瑟氏菌感染引起的慢性宫颈炎亦日益增多。另外,单纯疱疹病毒也可能与宫颈炎的发生有关。</P>
<P> 慢性宫颈炎多由急性宫颈炎治疗不彻底、病原体隐居于子宫黏膜内形成。也有不显示急性症状,直接发生慢性宫颈炎者。个别病人也有先天性宫颈糜烂者。慢性宫颈炎有宫颈肥大、宫颈糜烂、宫颈息肉、宫颈黏膜炎及宫颈腺囊肿 5种表现。其主要症状是白带增多。如是宫颈癌患者,宫颈糜烂的同时有性交后出血的表现。由于病原体,炎症的范围及程度不同,宫颈炎患者白带的性质、量、颜色及气味也不同。如白带呈乳白色黏液状,或淡黄色脓性,并伴有息肉形成时,易有血性白带或性交后出血。当炎症波及盆腔时,有腰骶部、下腹部坠胀痛。粘稠脓性分泌物不利于精子穿过宫颈,可造成不孕。一般来讲,宫颈炎患者作妇科检查时可见宫颈有不同程度的糜烂、肥大、息肉、裂伤、外翻及宫颈腺囊肿表现。</P>
<P> 慢性宫颈炎的诊断并不困难,但须与宫颈上皮内瘤样病变、早期宫颈癌、宫颈结核等鉴别,同时,还需与淋病、梅毒以及湿疣等鉴别。常规检查如宫颈刮片、宫颈管吸片,必要时作阴道镜检查及活体组织检查,往往可以明确诊断。</P>
<P> 因宫颈癌的发生与宫颈炎有一定的关系,所以宫颈炎患者应配合医生,积极治疗,尤其是中、重度宫颈糜烂者。对于重度宫颈糜烂的妇女,必要时还应行宫颈多点活检,及时诊断和治疗癌前病变,以阻断宫颈癌的发生。<BR></P> </P></SPAN>
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<td width="787"><li>上一篇文章: <a class='LinkPrevArticle' href='/Article/1438.html' title='文章标题:宫颈疾病严重威胁女性健康
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更新时间:2008-6-20 15:37:14'>宫颈疾病严重威胁女性健康</a></li><br>
<li>下一篇文章: <a class='LinkNextArticle' href='/Article/1440.html' title='文章标题:寄生虫性子宫颈炎诊断
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<p> 上海市妇女康复专业委员会委员,农工民主党党员,曾先后担任浙医大妇幼保健院妇产科医师、湖州市中心医院妇产科主任、湖州市第二届计划生育协会副会长,现任湖州阳光女子医院名誉院长、妇科主任。</p></td>
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