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<td colspan="2" bgcolor="FFE3F3"> 更新时间:2008-6-20 15:04:22 【字体:<a href="javascript:fontZoomA();" class="top_UserLogin">小</a> <a href="javascript:fontZoomB();" class="top_UserLogin">大</a>】</td>
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概述:</P>
<P> <STRONG>老年性阴道炎</STRONG>,又名萎缩性阴道炎;是一种非特异性阴道炎。多发生在绝经期后的妇女,但是,双侧卵巢切除后或哺乳期妇女也可出现。</P>
<P> 诊断:</P>
<P> 根据发病年龄、病史、结合局部检查可见外阴潮红,湿润,阴道壁充血,有散在的出血点,以后穹窿及宫颈最明显。阴道粘膜剥脱后可形成溃疡。一般不难诊断。当形成慢性炎症后,可发生两种结果:一是阴道粘膜下结缔组织纤维化,阴道失去弹性,最后形成阴道狭窄和瘢痕;另一种情况为阴道壁粘连形成阴道闭锁,甚至在闭锁以上形成阴道积脓。此种情况虽属少见,但病情严重。</P>
<P> 治疗措施:</P>
<P> 老年性阴道炎的治疗原则,是增强阴道粘膜的抵抗力和抑制细菌生长繁殖。全身用药,可口服乙烯雌酚0.25~0.5mg,每日1次,共7天。服药后有时会引起撤退性子宫出血。局部用药,改善阴道酸碱度,用1%乳酸或1∶5000高锰酸钾冲洗阴道。每晚可放阴道坐药,乙酚片0.25~0.5mg,放入阴道,每日1次,共7天。必要时局部可撒布涂抹抗生素粉剂或软膏。</P>
<P> 病因学:</P>
<P> 主要原因是因卵巢功能衰退,体内雌激素水平低落或缺乏,阴道上皮细胞糖原减少,阴道内pH值呈硷性,杀灭病原菌能力降低。同时,由于阴道粘膜萎缩,上皮菲薄,血运不足,使阴道抵抗力降低,便于细菌侵入繁殖引起炎症病变。另外,个人卫生习惯不良,营养缺乏,尤其是B组维生素缺乏,可能与发病有关。</P>
<P> 临床表现:</P>
<P> 主要症状为白带增多,呈黄水样或脓性,有臭味,感染严重时,可出现点滴阴道流血,并有下坠痛及阴道灼热感。如累及前庭及尿道口周围粘膜,常出现尿频、尿痛。 </P>
<P> 鉴别诊断:</P>
<P> 与特异性阴道炎鉴别,应取阴道分泌物检查除外滴虫、霉菌等病原体。血性白带应与子宫恶性肿瘤鉴别。妇科检查时注意子宫大小及形态、出血来源与阴道细胞学检查,必要时行宫颈或子宫内膜活组织检查等。</P> </P></SPAN>
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<td width="787"><li>上一篇文章: <a class='LinkPrevArticle' href='/Article/1249.html' title='文章标题:非特异性阴道炎的预防和治疗
作 者:admin
更新时间:2008-6-20 15:04:01'>非特异性阴道炎的预防和治疗</a></li><br>
<li>下一篇文章: <a class='LinkNextArticle' href='/Article/1251.html' title='文章标题:预防念珠菌性阴道炎的小贴士
作 者:admin
更新时间:2008-6-20 15:04:32'>预防念珠菌性阴道炎的小贴士</a></li></td>
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<p> 上海市妇女康复专业委员会委员,农工民主党党员,曾先后担任浙医大妇幼保健院妇产科医师、湖州市中心医院妇产科主任、湖州市第二届计划生育协会副会长,现任湖州阳光女子医院名誉院长、妇科主任。</p></td>
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