computone.txt

《嵌入式系统设计与实例开发实验教材二源码》Linux内核移植与编译实验

Computone Intelliport II/Plus Multiport Serial Driver
-----------------------------------------------------

Release Notes For Linux Kernel 2.2 and higher.
These notes are for the drivers which have already been integrated into the
kernel and have been tested on Linux kernels 2.0, 2.2, 2.3, and 2.4.

Version: 1.2.14
Date: 11/01/2001
Historical Author: Andrew Manison <[e-mail]>
Primary Author: Doug McNash
Support: [e-mail]
Fixes and Updates: Mike Warfield <[e-mail]>

This file assumes that you are using the Computone drivers which are
integrated into the kernel sources.  For updating the drivers or installing
drivers into kernels which do not already have Computone drivers, please
refer to the instructions in the README.computone file in the driver patch.


1. INTRODUCTION

This driver supports the entire family of Intelliport II/Plus controllers
with the exception of the MicroChannel controllers.  It does not support
products previous to the Intelliport II.

This driver was developed on the v2.0.x Linux tree and has been tested up
to v2.4.14; it will probably not work with earlier v1.X kernels,.


2. QUICK INSTALLATION

Hardware - If you have an ISA card, find a free interrupt and io port. 
		   List those in use with `cat /proc/interrupts` and 
		   `cat /proc/ioports`.  Set the card dip switches to a free 
		   address.  You may need to configure your BIOS to reserve an
		   irq for an ISA card.  PCI and EISA parameters are set
		   automagically.  Insert card into computer with the power off 
		   before or after drivers installation.

	Note the hardware address from the Computone ISA cards installed into
		the system.  These are required for editing ip2.c or editing
		/etc/modules.conf, or for specification on the modprobe
		command line.

	Note that the /etc/modules.conf file is named /etc/conf.modules
		with older versions of the module utilities.

Software -

Module installation:

a) Determine free irq/address to use if any (configure BIOS if need be)
b) Run "make config" or "make menuconfig" or "make xconfig"
   Select (m) module for CONFIG_COMPUTONE under character
   devices.  CONFIG_PCI and CONFIG_MODULES also may need to be set.
c) Set address on ISA cards then:
   edit /usr/src/linux/drivers/char/ip2.c if needed 
	or
   edit /etc/modules.conf if needed (module).
	or both to match this setting.
d) Run "make dep"
e) Run "make modules"
f) Run "make modules_install"
g) Run "/sbin/depmod -a"
h) install driver using `modprobe ip2 <options>` (options listed below)
i) run ip2mkdev (either the script below or the binary version)


Kernel installation:

a) Determine free irq/address to use if any (configure BIOS if need be)
b) Run "make config" or "make menuconfig" or "make xconfig"
   Select (y) kernel for CONFIG_COMPUTONE under character
   devices.  CONFIG_PCI may need to be set if you have PCI bus.
c) Set address on ISA cards then:
	   edit /usr/src/linux/drivers/char/ip2.c  
           (Optional - may be specified on kernel command line now)
d) Run "make dep"
e) Run "make zImage" or whatever target you prefer.
f) mv /usr/src/linux/arch/i386/boot/zImage to /boot.
g) Add new config for this kernel into /etc/lilo.conf, run "lilo"
	or copy to a floppy disk and boot from that floppy disk.
h) Reboot using this kernel
i) run ip2mkdev (either the script below or the binary version)

Kernel command line options:

When compiling the driver into the kernel, io and irq may be
compiled into the driver by editing ip2.c and setting the values for
io and irq in the appropriate array.  An alternative is to specify
a command line parameter to the kernel at boot up.

        ip2=io0,irq0,io1,irq1,io2,irq2,io3,irq3

Note that this order is very different from the specifications for the
modload parameters which have separate IRQ and IO specifiers.

The io port also selects PCI (1) and EISA (2) boards.

        io=0    No board
        io=1    PCI board
        io=2    EISA board
        else    ISA board io address

You only need to specify the boards which are present.

        Examples:

                2 PCI boards:

                        ip2=1,0,1,0

                1 ISA board at 0x310 irq 5:

                        ip2=0x310,5

This can be added to and "append" option in lilo.conf similar to this:

        append="ip2=1,0,1,0"


3. INSTALLATION

Previously, the driver sources were packaged with a set of patch files
to update the character drivers' makefile and configuration file, and other 
kernel source files. A build script (ip2build) was included which applies 
the patches if needed, and build any utilities needed.
What you receive may be a single patch file in conventional kernel
patch format build script. That form can also be applied by
running patch -p1 < ThePatchFile.  Otherwise run ip2build.
 
The driver can be installed as a module (recommended) or built into the 
kernel. This is selected as for other drivers through the `make config`
command from the root of the Linux source tree. If the driver is built 
into the kernel you will need to edit the file ip2.c to match the boards 
you are installing. See that file for instructions. If the driver is 
installed as a module the configuration can also be specified on the
modprobe command line as follows:

	modprobe ip2 irq=irq1,irq2,irq3,irq4 io=addr1,addr2,addr3,addr4

where irqnum is one of the valid Intelliport II interrupts (3,4,5,7,10,11,
12,15) and addr1-4 are the base addresses for up to four controllers. If 
the irqs are not specified the driver uses the default in ip2.c (which 
selects polled mode). If no base addresses are specified the defaults in 
ip2.c are used. If you are autoloading the driver module with kerneld or
kmod the base addresses and interrupt number must also be set in ip2.c
and recompile or just insert and options line in /etc/modules.conf or both. 
The options line is equivalent to the command line and takes precidence over 
what is in ip2.c. 

/etc/modules.conf sample:
	options ip2 io=1,0x328 irq=1,10
	alias char-major-71 ip2
	alias char-major-72 ip2
	alias char-major-73 ip2

The equivalent in ip2.c:

static int io[IP2_MAX_BOARDS]= { 1, 0x328, 0, 0 };
static int irq[IP2_MAX_BOARDS] = { 1, 10, -1, -1 }; 

The equivalent for the kernel command line (in lilo.conf):

        append="ip2=1,1,0x328,10"


Note:	Both io and irq should be updated to reflect YOUR system.  An "io"
	address of 1 or 2 indicates a PCI or EISA card in the board table.		The PCI or EISA irq will be assigned automatically.

Specifying an invalid or in-use irq will default the driver into
running in polled mode for that card.  If all irq entries are 0 then
all cards will operate in polled mode.

If you select the driver as part of the kernel run :

	make depend
	make zlilo (or whatever you do to create a bootable kernel)

If you selected a module run :

	make modules && make modules_install

The utility ip2mkdev (see 5 and 7 below) creates all the device nodes
required by the driver.  For a device to be created it must be configured
in the driver and the board must be installed. Only devices corresponding
to real IntelliPort II ports are created. With multiple boards and expansion
boxes this will leave gaps in the sequence of device names. ip2mkdev uses
Linux tty naming conventions: ttyF0 - ttyF255 for normal devices, and
cuf0 - cuf255 for callout devices.

If you are using devfs, existing devices are automatically created within
the devfs name space.  Normal devices will be tts/F0 - tts/F255 and callout
devices will be cua/F0 - cua/F255.  With devfs installed, ip2mkdev will
create symbolic links in /dev from the old conventional names to the newer
devfs names as follows:

	/dev/ip2ipl[n]	-> /dev/ip2/ipl[n]	n = 0 - 3
	/dev/ip2stat[n]	-> /dev/ip2/stat[n]	n = 0 - 3
	/dev/ttyF[n]	-> /dev/tts/F[n]	n = 0 - 255
	/dev/cuf[n]	-> /dev/cua/F[n]	n = 0 - 255

Only devices for existing ports and boards will be created.

IMPORTANT NOTE:  The naming convention used for devfs by this driver
was changed from 1.2.12 to 1.2.13.  The old naming convention was to
use ttf/%d for the tty device and cuf/%d for the cua device.  That
has been changed to conform to an agreed-upon standard of placing
all the tty devices under tts.  The device names are now tts/F%d for
the tty device and cua/F%d for the cua devices.  If you were using
the older devfs names, you must update for the newer convention.

You do not need to run ip2mkdev if you are using devfs and only want to
use the devfs native device names.


4. USING THE DRIVERS

As noted above, the driver implements the ports in accordance with Linux
conventions, and the devices should be interchangeable with the standard
serial devices. (This is a key point for problem reporting: please make
sure that what you are trying do works on the ttySx/cuax ports first; then 
tell us what went wrong with the ip2 ports!)

Higher speeds can be obtained using the setserial utility which remaps 
38,400 bps (extb) to 57,600 bps, 115,200 bps, or a custom speed. 
Intelliport II installations using the PowerPort expansion module can
use the custom speed setting to select the highest speeds: 153,600 bps,
230,400 bps, 307,200 bps, 460,800bps and 921,600 bps. The base for
custom baud rate configuration is fixed at 921,600 for cards/expansion
modules with ST654's and 115200 for those with Cirrus CD1400's.  This
corresponds to the maximum bit rates those chips are capable.  
For example if the baud base is 921600 and the baud divisor is 18 then
the custom rate is 921600/18 = 51200 bps.  See the setserial man page for
complete details. Of course if stty accepts the higher rates now you can
use that as well as the standard ioctls().


5. ip2mkdev and assorted utilities...

Several utilities, including the source for a binary ip2mkdev utility are
available under .../drivers/char/ip2.  These can be build by changing to
that directory and typing "make" after the kernel has be built.  If you do
not wish to compile the binary utilities, the shell script below can be
cut out and run as "ip2mkdev" to create the necessary device files.  To
use the ip2mkdev script, you must have procfs enabled and the proc file
system mounted on /proc.

You do not need to run ip2mkdev if you are using devfs and only want to
use the devfs native device names.


6. DEVFS

DEVFS is the DEVice File System available as an add on package for the
2.2.x kernels and available as a configuration option in 2.3.46 and higher.
Devfs allows for the automatic creation and management of device names
under control of the device drivers themselves.  The Devfs namespace is
hierarchical and reduces the clutter present in the normal flat /dev
namespace.  Devfs names and conventional device names may be intermixed.
A userspace daemon, devfsd, exists to allow for automatic creation and
management of symbolic links from the devfs name space to the conventional
names.  More details on devfs can be found on the DEVFS home site at
<http://www.atnf.csiro.au/~rgooch/linux/> or in the file kernel
documentation files, .../linux/Documentation/filesystems/devfs/REAME.

If you are using devfs, existing devices are automatically created within
the devfs name space.  Normal devices will be tts/F0 - tts/F255 and callout
devices will be cua/F0 - cua/F255.  With devfs installed, ip2mkdev will
create symbolic links in /dev from the old conventional names to the newer
devfs names as follows:

	/dev/ip2ipl[n]	-> /dev/ip2/ipl[n]	n = 0 - 3
	/dev/ip2stat[n]	-> /dev/ip2/stat[n]	n = 0 - 3
	/dev/ttyF[n]	-> /dev/tts/F[n]	n = 0 - 255
	/dev/cuf[n]	-> /dev/cua/F[n]	n = 0 - 255

Only devices for existing ports and boards will be created.

IMPORTANT NOTE:  The naming convention used for devfs by this driver
was changed from 1.2.12 to 1.2.13.  The old naming convention was to
use ttf/%d for the tty device and cuf/%d for the cua device.  That
has been changed to conform to an agreed-upon standard of placing
all the tty devices under tts.  The device names are now tts/F%d for
the tty device and cua/F%d for the cua devices.  If you were using
the older devfs names, you must update for the newer convention.

You do not need to run ip2mkdev if you are using devfs and only want to
use the devfs native device names.