index.html

this is a book on pearl , simple example with explanation is given here. it could be beneficial for

Example: Using the Diamond Operator (&lt;&gt;)</A>

</UL>

<LI><A HREF="ch9.htm#FileTestOperators">

File Test Operators</A>

<UL>

<LI><A HREF="ch9.htm#ExampleUsingFileTests">

Example: Using File Tests</A>

</UL>

<LI><A HREF="ch9.htm#FileFuNCtionsBR">

File FuNCtions<BR>

</A>

<UL>

<LI><A HREF="ch9.htm#ExampleOpeningFiles">

Example: Opening Files</A>

<LI><A HREF="ch9.htm#ExampleBinaryFiles">

Example: Binary Files</A>

<LI><A HREF="ch9.htm#ExampleGettingFileStatistics">

Example: Getting File Statistics</A>

<LI><A HREF="ch9.htm#ExampleUsingtheDirectoryFuNCtions">

Example: Using the Directory FuNCtions</A>

<LI><A HREF="ch9.htm#ExamplePrintingRevisited">

Example: Printing Revisited</A>

</UL>

<LI><A HREF="ch9.htm#Globbing">

Globbing</A>

<UL>

<LI><A HREF="ch9.htm#ExampleAssigningaGlobtoanArray">

Example: Assigning a Glob to an Array</A>

</UL>

<LI><A HREF="ch9.htm#UsingDataStructureswithFiles">

Using Data Structures with Files</A>

<UL>

<LI><A HREF="ch9.htm#ExampleSplittingaRecordintoFields">

Example: Splitting a Record into Fields</A>

</UL>

<LI><A HREF="ch9.htm#Summary">

Summary</A>

<LI><A HREF="ch9.htm#ReviewQuestions">

Review Questions</A>

<LI><A HREF="ch9.htm#ReviewExercises">

Review Exercises</A>

</UL>



<H2><I><FONT SIZE=5 COLOR=#FF0000>Chapter </FONT></I><FONT SIZE=5 COLOR=#FF0000>10

</FONT><FONT SIZE=5>&nbsp;&nbsp;Regular Expressions</FONT></H2>

<UL>

<LI><A HREF="ch10.htm#PatternDelimiters">

Pattern Delimiters</A>

<LI><A HREF="ch10.htm#TheMatchingOperatorm">

The Matching Operator (m//)</A>

<UL>

<LI><A HREF="ch10.htm#TheMatchingOptions">

The Matching Options</A>

</UL>

<LI><A HREF="ch10.htm#TheSubstitutionOperators">

The Substitution Operator (s///)</A>

<UL>

<LI><A HREF="ch10.htm#TheSubstitutionOptions">

The Substitution Options</A>

</UL>

<LI><A HREF="ch10.htm#TheTranslationOperatortr">

The Translation Operator (tr///)</A>

<UL>

<LI><A HREF="ch10.htm#TheTranslationOptions">

The Translation Options</A>

</UL>

<LI><A HREF="ch10.htm#TheBindingOperatorsand">

The Binding Operators (=~ and !~)</A>

<LI><A HREF="ch10.htm#HowtoCreatePatterns">

How to Create Patterns</A>

<UL>

<LI><A HREF="ch10.htm#ExampleCharacterClasses">

Example: Character Classes</A>

<LI><A HREF="ch10.htm#ExampleQuantifiers">

Example: Quantifiers</A>

<LI><A HREF="ch10.htm#ExamplePatternMemory">

Example: Pattern Memory</A>

<LI><A HREF="ch10.htm#ExamplePatternPrecedeNCe">

Example: Pattern PrecedeNCe</A>

<LI><A HREF="ch10.htm#ExampleExtensionSyntax">

Example: Extension Syntax</A>

</UL>

<LI><A HREF="ch10.htm#PatternExamples">

Pattern Examples</A>

<UL>

<LI><A HREF="ch10.htm#ExampleUsingtheMatchOperator">

Example: Using the Match Operator</A>

<LI><A HREF="ch10.htm#ExampleUsingtheSubstitutionOperator">

Example: Using the Substitution Operator</A>

<LI><A HREF="ch10.htm#ExampleUsingtheTranslationOperator">

Example: Using the Translation Operator</A>

<LI><A HREF="ch10.htm#ExampleUsingtheISplitIFuNCtion">

Example: Using the <I>Split()</I> FuNCtion</A>

</UL>

<LI><A HREF="ch10.htm#Summary">

Summary</A>

<LI><A HREF="ch10.htm#ReviewQuestions">

Review Questions</A>

<LI><A HREF="ch10.htm#ReviewExercises">

Review Exercises</A>

</UL>



<H2><I><FONT SIZE=5 COLOR=#FF0000>Chapter </FONT></I><FONT SIZE=5 COLOR=#FF0000>11

</FONT><FONT SIZE=5>&nbsp;&nbsp;Creating Reports</FONT></H2>

<UL>

<LI><A HREF="ch11.htm#WhatsaFormatStatement">

What's a Format Statement?</A>

<UL>

<LI><A HREF="ch11.htm#ExampleUsingFieldLines">

Example: Using Field Lines</A>

<LI><A HREF="ch11.htm#ExampleReportHeadings">

Example: Report Headings</A>

<LI><A HREF="ch11.htm#ExampleUsingFuNCtionsintheValueLine">

Example: Using FuNCtions in the Value Line</A>

<LI><A HREF="ch11.htm#ExampleChangingFormats">

Example: Changing Formats</A>

<LI><A HREF="ch11.htm#ExampleUsingLongPiecesofTextinReports">

Example: Using Long Pieces of Text in Reports</A>

<LI><A HREF="ch11.htm#ExampleWritingtoaFileInsteadofISTDOUTI">

Example: Writing to a File Instead of <I>STDOUT</I></A>

</UL>

<LI><A HREF="ch11.htm#Summary">

Summary</A>

<LI><A HREF="ch11.htm#ReviewQuestions">

Review Questions</A>

<LI><A HREF="ch11.htm#ReviewExercises">

Review Exercises</A>

</UL>



<H2><I><FONT SIZE=5 COLOR=#FF0000>Chapter </FONT></I><FONT SIZE=5 COLOR=#FF0000>12

</FONT><FONT SIZE=5>&nbsp;&nbsp;Using Special Variables</FONT></H2>

<UL>

<LI><A HREF="ch12.htm#WhatAretheSpecialVariables">

What Are the Special Variables?</A>

<UL>

<LI><A HREF="ch12.htm#ExampleUsingtheTTFONTSIZEFACECourierDATAFONTTTFONTSIZEFileHandleFONT">

Example: Using the <TT>DATA </TT>File

Handle</FONT></A>

</UL>

<LI><A HREF="ch12.htm#Summary">

Summary</A>

<LI><A HREF="ch12.htm#ReviewQuestions">

Review Questions</A>

<LI><A HREF="ch12.htm#ReviewExercises">

Review Exercises</A>

</UL>



<H2><I><FONT SIZE=5 COLOR=#FF0000>Chapter </FONT></I><FONT SIZE=5 COLOR=#FF0000>13

</FONT><FONT SIZE=5>&nbsp;&nbsp;Handling Errors and Signals</FONT></H2>

<UL>

<LI><A HREF="ch13.htm#CheckingforErrors">

Checking for Errors</A>

<LI><A HREF="ch13.htm#ExampleUsingtheTTFONTSIZEFACECouriererrnoFONTTTFONTSIZEVariableFONT">

Example: Using the <TT>errno</TT>

Variable</FONT></A>

<UL>

<LI><A HREF="ch13.htm#ExampleUsingtheTTFONTSIZEFACECourierorFONTTTFONTSIZELogicalOperatorFONT">

Example: Using the <TT>or</TT>

Logical Operator</FONT></A>

<LI><A HREF="ch13.htm#ExampleUsingtheTTFONTSIZEFACECourierdieFONTTTFONTSIZEFuNCtionFONT">

Example: Using the <TT>die()</TT>

FuNCtion</FONT></A>

<LI><A HREF="ch13.htm#ExampleUsingtheTTFONTSIZEFACECourierwarnFONTTTFONTSIZEFuNCtionFONT">

Example: Using the <TT>warn()</TT>

FuNCtion</FONT></A>

</UL>

<LI><A HREF="ch13.htm#TrappingFatalErrors">

Trapping Fatal Errors</A>

<UL>

<LI><A HREF="ch13.htm#ExampleUsingtheTTFONTSIZEFACECourierevalFONTTTFONTSIZEFuNCtionFONT">

Example: Using the <TT>eval()</TT>

FuNCtion</FONT></A>

</UL>

<LI><A HREF="ch13.htm#WhatIsaSignal">

What Is a Signal?</A>

<UL>

<LI><A HREF="ch13.htm#ExampleHowtoHandleaSignal">

Example: How to Handle a Signal</A>

</UL>

<LI><A HREF="ch13.htm#Summary">

Summary</A>

<LI><A HREF="ch13.htm#ReviewQuestions">

Review Questions</A>

<LI><A HREF="ch13.htm#ReviewExercises">

Review Exercises</A>

</UL>



<H2><I><FONT SIZE=5 COLOR=#FF0000>Chapter </FONT></I><FONT SIZE=5 COLOR=#FF0000>14

</FONT><FONT SIZE=5>&nbsp;&nbsp;What Are Objects?</FONT></H2>

<UL>

<LI><A HREF="ch14.htm#LearningaboutClasses">

Learning about Classes</A>

<LI><A HREF="ch14.htm#AbstractThinking">

Abstract Thinking</A>

<LI><A HREF="ch14.htm#OverridingMethodswithPolymorphism">

Overriding Methods with Polymorphism</A>

<LI><A HREF="ch14.htm#KeepingCodeandDataTogetherwithENCapsulation">

Keeping Code and Data Together with ENCapsulation</A>

<LI><A HREF="ch14.htm#HowPerlHandlesObjects">

How Perl Handles Objects</A>

<UL>

<LI><A HREF="ch14.htm#ExampleBlesstheHashandPasstheRefereNCe">

Example: Bless the Hash and Pass the RefereNCe</A>

<LI><A HREF="ch14.htm#ExampleInitializingProperties">

Example: Initializing Properties</A>

<LI><A HREF="ch14.htm#ExampleUsingNamedParametersinConstructors">

Example: Using Named Parameters in Constructors</A>

<LI><A HREF="ch14.htm#ExampleInheritaNCePerlStyle">

Example: InheritaNCe, Perl Style</A>

<LI><A HREF="ch14.htm#ExamplePolymorphism">

Example: Polymorphism</A>

<LI><A HREF="ch14.htm#ExampleHowOneClassCanContainAnother">

Example: How One Class Can Contain Another</A>

</UL>

<LI><A HREF="ch14.htm#StaticVersusRegularMethodsandVariables">

Static Versus Regular Methods and Variables</A>

<LI><A HREF="ch14.htm#Summary">

Summary</A>

<LI><A HREF="ch14.htm#ReviewQuestions">

Review Questions</A>

<LI><A HREF="ch14.htm#ReviewExercises">

Review Exercises</A>

</UL>



<H2><I><FONT SIZE=5 COLOR=#FF0000>Chapter </FONT></I><FONT SIZE=5 COLOR=#FF0000>15

</FONT><FONT SIZE=5>&nbsp;&nbsp;Perl Modules</FONT></H2>

<UL>

<LI><A HREF="ch15.htm#ModuleConstructorsandDestructors">

Module Constructors and Destructors</A>

<UL>

<LI><A HREF="ch15.htm#TheTTFONTSIZEFACECourierBEGINFONTTTFONTSIZEBlockFONT">

The <TT>BEGIN </TT>Block</FONT>

</A>

<LI><A HREF="ch15.htm#TheTTFONTSIZEFACECourierENDFONTTTFONTSIZEBlockFONT">

The <TT>END</TT>

Block</FONT></A>

</UL>

<LI><A HREF="ch15.htm#SymbolTables">

Symbol Tables</A>

<LI><A HREF="ch15.htm#TheTTFONTSIZEFACECourierrequireFONTTTFONTSIZECompilerDirectiveFONT">

The <TT>require</TT>

Compiler Directive</FONT></A>

<LI><A HREF="ch15.htm#TheTTFONTSIZEFACECourieruseFONTTTFONTSIZECompilerDirectiveFONT">

The <TT>use</TT>

Compiler Directive</FONT></A>

<LI><A HREF="ch15.htm#WhatsaPragma">

What's a Pragma?</A>

<LI><A HREF="ch15.htm#TheTTFONTSIZEFACECourierstrictFONTTTFONTSIZEPragmaFONT">

The <TT>strict</TT>

Pragma</FONT></A>

<LI><A HREF="ch15.htm#TheStandardModules">

The Standard Modules</A>

<LI><A HREF="ch15.htm#TTFONTSIZEFACECourierstrictmyFONTTTFONTSIZEandModulesFONT">

<TT>strict, my() </TT>and

Modules</FONT></A>

<LI><A HREF="ch15.htm#ModuleExamples">

Module Examples</A>

<UL>

<LI><A HREF="ch15.htm#ExampleTheTTFONTSIZEFACECourierCarpFONTTTFONTSIZEModuleFONT">

Example: The <TT>Carp</TT>

Module</FONT></A>

<LI><A HREF="ch15.htm#ExampleTheTTFONTSIZEFACECourierEnglishFONTTTFONTSIZEModuleFONT">

Example: The <TT>English</TT>

Module</FONT></A>

<LI><A HREF="ch15.htm#ExampleTheTTFONTSIZEFACECourierEnvFONTTTFONTSIZEModuleFONT">

Example: The <TT>Env </TT>Module</FONT>

</A>

</UL>

<LI><A HREF="ch15.htm#Summary">

Summary</A>

<LI><A HREF="ch15.htm#ReviewQuestions">

Review Questions</A>

<LI><A HREF="ch15.htm#ReviewExercises">

Review Exercises</A>

</UL>



<H2><I><FONT SIZE=5 COLOR=#FF0000>Chapter </FONT></I><FONT SIZE=5 COLOR=#FF0000>16

</FONT><FONT SIZE=5>&nbsp;&nbsp;Debugging Perl</FONT></H2>

<UL>

<LI><A HREF="ch16.htm#SyntaxErrors">

Syntax Errors</A>

<LI><A HREF="ch16.htm#CommonSyntaxErrors">

Common Syntax Errors</A>

<LI><A HREF="ch16.htm#LogicErrors">

Logic Errors</A>

<UL>

<LI><A HREF="ch16.htm#UsingtheTTFONTSIZEFACECourierwFONTTTFONTSIZECommandLineOptionFONT">

Using the <TT>-w</TT>

Command-Line Option</FONT></A>

<LI><A HREF="ch16.htm#BeingStrictwithYourVariables">

Being Strict with Your Variables</A>

<LI><A HREF="ch16.htm#SteppingThroughYourScript">

Stepping Through Your Script</A>

<LI><A HREF="ch16.htm#ExamplesDisplayingInformation">

Examples: Displaying Information</A>

<LI><A HREF="ch16.htm#ExamplesUsingtheFONTSIZEFACELBIHelveticaBlackObliquenFONTFONTSIZECommandFONT">

Examples: Using the n

Command</A>

<LI><A HREF="ch16.htm#ExamplesUsingBreakpoints">

Examples: Using Breakpoints</A>

<LI><A HREF="ch16.htm#ExamplesCreatingCommandAliases">

Examples: Creating Command Aliases</A>

<LI><A HREF="ch16.htm#ExamplesUsingtheDebuggerasanInteractiveInterpreter">

Examples: Using the Debugger as an Interactive Interpreter

</A>

</UL>

<LI><A HREF="ch16.htm#Summary">

Summary</A>

<LI><A HREF="ch16.htm#ReviewQuestions">

Review Questions</A>

<LI><A HREF="ch16.htm#ReviewExercises">

Review Exercises</A>

</UL>



<H2><I><FONT SIZE=5 COLOR=#FF0000>Chapter </FONT></I><FONT SIZE=5 COLOR=#FF0000>17

</FONT><FONT SIZE=5>&nbsp;&nbsp;Using Command-Line Options</FONT></H2>

<UL>

<LI><A HREF="ch17.htm#HowAretheOptionsSpecified">

How Are the Options Specified?</A>

<LI><A HREF="ch17.htm#WhatAretheOptions">

What Are the Options?</A>

<UL>

<LI><A HREF="ch17.htm#ExampleUsingtheTTFONTSIZEFACECourierFONTTTFONTSIZEOptionFONT">

Example: Using the <TT>-0</TT>

Option</FONT></A>

<LI><A HREF="ch17.htm#ExampleUsingtheTTFONTSIZEFACECouriernFONTTTFONTSIZEandFONTTTFONTSIZEFACECourierpFONTTTFONTSIZEOptionsFONT">

Example: Using the <TT>-n</TT>

and </FONT><TT>-p</TT>

Options</FONT></A>

<LI><A HREF="ch17.htm#ExampleUsingtheTTFONTSIZEFACECourieriFONTTTFONTSIZEOptionFONT">

Example: Using the <TT>-i</TT>

Option</FONT></A>

<LI><A HREF="ch17.htm#ExampleUsingtheTTFONTSIZEFACECouriersFONTTTFONTSIZEOptionFONT">

Example: Using the <TT>-s</TT>

Option</FONT></A>

</UL>

<LI><A HREF="ch17.htm#Summary">

Summary</A>

<LI><A HREF="ch17.htm#ReviewQuestions">

Review Questions</A>

<LI><A HREF="ch17.htm#ReviewExercises">

Review Exercises</A>

</UL>



<H2><I><FONT SIZE=5 COLOR=#FF0000>Chapter </FONT></I><FONT SIZE=5 COLOR=#FF0000>18

</FONT><FONT SIZE=5>&nbsp;&nbsp;Using Internet Protocols</FONT></H2>

<UL>

<LI><A HREF="ch18.htm#Sockets">

Sockets</A>

<UL>

<LI><A HREF="ch18.htm#TheServerSideofaConversation">

The Server Side of a Conversation</A>

<LI><A HREF="ch18.htm#TheClientSideofaConversation">

The Client Side of a Conversation</A>

</UL>

<LI><A HREF="ch18.htm#UsingtheTimeService">

Using the Time Service</A>

<LI><A HREF="ch18.htm#SendingMailSMTP">

Sending Mail (SMTP)</A>

<UL>

<LI><A HREF="ch18.htm#TheTTFONTSIZEFACECourierMAILFONTTTFONTSIZECommandFONT">

The <TT>MAIL</TT>

Command</FONT></A>

<LI><A HREF="ch18.htm#TheTTFONTSIZEFACECourierRCPTFONTTTFONTSIZECommandFONT">

The <TT>RCPT </TT>Command</FONT>

</A>

<LI><A HREF="ch18.htm#TheTTFONTSIZEFACECourierDATAFONTTTFONTSIZECommandFONT">

The <TT>DATA</TT>

Command</FONT></A>

<LI><A HREF="ch18.htm#ReportingUndeliverableMail">

Reporting Undeliverable Mail</A>

<LI><A HREF="ch18.htm#UsingPerltoSendMail">