📄 linux-mail-client-setup.html
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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/loose.dtd"><HTML><HEAD><TITLE>Josh's Linux Guide - Setting Up E-mail</TITLE> <META NAME="author" CONTENT="Joshua Go"> <META NAME="description" CONTENT="How to set up mail clients on your Linux box with POP3 retrieval software and PINE. Also includes IMAP setup information."> <META NAME="keywords" CONTENT="Linux, install, Install, pine, new, fetchmail, POP3, PINE, IMAP linux"><BASE TARGET="_top"></HEAD><LINK REL="stylesheet" TYPE="text/css" HREF="default.css"><BODY BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" TEXT="#000000" LINK="#0000FF" VLINK="#7F007F"><H2><A NAME="0">Setting Up E-mail</A></H2><FONT SIZE="-1"><B>Last updated: February 23, 2000</B></FONT><BR><FONT SIZE="-1"><B>Development stage: Beta</B></FONT><P>E-mail is probably one of the most important parts of using theInternet, so it only makes sense that Linux lets you use your preciouse-mail.</P><P>Your ISP <I>probably</I> uses a POP3 server for your e-mail. Theprogram <B>pine</B> is an e-mail client that enables you to read,send, reply, sort, delete, forward, and do a lot more to youre-mail. That's what I use, although you might want to try other mailprograms such as <B>mutt</B> or <B>elm</B>.</P><P>Then again, you may also have IMAP available. IMAP keeps themailbox on the ISP so you don't really have to download it to yourbox, but read it and allow yourself to make changes that are savedonto the server later on. To my knowledge, not a lot of ISPs do this,but your company might use it. In a lot of ways, it's a lot moreconvenient.</P><H3><A NAME="1">Downloading Your E-mail</A></H3><P>To download whatever e-mail you have onto your system, you shoulduse a program called <B>fetchmail</B>. It handles POP3 (probably whatyou use), IMAP, and a bunch of other protocols for e-mailtransfer. For IMAP you probably want to use <B>pine</B>.</P><H4><A NAME="2">Set Up Your ".fetchmailrc" File</A></H4><P>To use fetchmail, you should set up a file in your home directorycalled <TT>.fetchmailrc</TT>. It probably doesn't exist yet, so create itby typing <B><TT>pico ~/.fetchmailrc</TT></B>. Here's what mine looks like:</P><PRE>poll pop.netaddress.com proto POP3 fetchall</PRE><P>That will tell fetchmail to check the server <B>pop.netaddress.com</B>using the <B>POP3</B> protocol. Since USA.net/NetAddress marks themessages as already being seen, I have to put in the "fetchall" part to tell it to get the messages no matter what.</P><P>Note that all the options for the server are on one line.</P><!--Information about including passwords in the .fetchmailrc file wasincluded on February 5, 1999.--><P>If you want to, you can also put your password in the .fetchmailrcfile. Use the "pass" option. For example, if my password were"barrel", my sample <TT>.fetchmailrc</TT> file would looklike this:</P><PRE>poll pop.netaddress.com proto POP3 pass barrel fetchall</PRE><P>In the event that your password has strange characters in it, you willwant to put it in quotation marks. I would not recommend putting yourpassword in your <TT>.fetchmailrc</TT> file, because if anybody ever getsthe root account on your system, they will also be able to get yourpassword. If you're not worried about the security of your machine, andjust want to get your mail with the least hassle possible, then includeit.</P><P>Fill in your <TT>.fetchmailrc</TT> file with the options you need to(there are tons more options that you can view by typing <TT><B>manfetchmail</B></TT>). You should have at least the "poll" andthe "proto" fields. Then save the file and exit. Once you'reback at the prompt, type <TT><B>chmod 600 ~/.fetchmailrc</B></TT>.</P><H4><A NAME="3">Using Fetchmail</A></H4><P>Now all you have to do is type <TT><B>fetchmail</B></TT> and it shouldprompt you for the password. It takes your username on your own machineand uses it as the login name for the account on the POP3 server. If youneed to change it to get your e-mail, add the "-u" flag and thenyour username. So if I had to use the username jgo instead of joshuago todownload my mail, my fetchmail command line would be <TT><B>fetchmail -ujgo</B></TT> instead. If you want to keep it in your .fetchmailrc file,use the option <TT>user [name]</TT>.</P><H3><A NAME="4">Reading Mail</A></H3><P>There are four major programs that I know of that you can use toread your e-mail. One is <B>pine</B>, the second is <B>mutt</B>, thethird is <B>mail</B>, and the last is <B>elm</B>. I have experiencethrough normal use only with PINE (although I like Mutt a little bittoo), so that's what I'll give instructions on.</P><P>Start up PINE by typing <B><TT>pine</TT></B> at the command prompt (itworks in an xterm window as well). If this is the first time that you'vestarted up PINE, you'll have to go through the setup procedure by typingthe following keys once you're in the main PINE menu: <B>S, C</B>. Thiswill take you to a screen that looks like this:</P><PRE> PINE 3.95 SETUP CONFIGURATION Folder: INBOX 42 Messagespersonal-name = <Put your name here>user-domain = <Part after the @ in the return address>smtp-server = <SMTP server>nntp-server = <News Server></PRE><P>The rest you can leave blank if you want. This is how mine lookslike:</P><PRE> PINE 3.95 SETUP CONFIGURATION Folder: INBOX 42 Messagespersonal-name = Joshua Gouser-domain = local.netsmtp-server = mail.local.netnntp-server = news.local.netinbox-path = <No Value Set: using "inbox">folder-collections = <No Value Set: using "mail/[]">news-collections = <No Value Set: using "*{news.local.net/nntp}[]">incoming-archive-folders = <No Value Set>pruned-folders = <No Value Set>default-fcc = <No Value Set: using "sent-mail">default-saved-msg-folder = <No Value Set: using "saved-messages">postponed-folder = <No Value Set: using "postponed-msgs">read-message-folder = <No Value Set>signature-file = <No Value Set: using ".signature">global-address-book = <No Value Set>address-book = <No Value Set: using ".addressbook">feature-list = Set Feature Name --- ---------------------- [ ] allow-talk? Help E Exit Config P Prev - PrevPage A Add Value Y prYnt C [Change Val] N Next Spc NextPage D Delete Val W WhereIs</PRE><P>The "user-domain" part is the part that appears after the"@" in your e-mail address. In my configuration it's configuredto show my e-mail address as "jgo@local.net". As far as I know,that will just make your e-mail address appear a certain way so thatpeople can reply. It doesn't actually use that server to send or receivemail.</P><P>Make sure the username you are using on your Linux machine is the sameas the username you have on the ISP or mail provider. If you don't havethat, make sure you know how to use the <AHREF="linux-adduser.html">adduser</A> shell script (it's a text file withcommands to give to Linux to add a new user). I only use "root"to take care of local system tasks, to dial in, and to startpoint-to-point protocol (PPP).</P><H3>Using PINE with IMAP</H3><P>For the longest time, I did not know how to use PINE with IMAPbecause I really never saw a need for it. Then Josh Myer, theco-author of this guide, just kind of blurted it out, and I tried iton his server. It worked.</P><P>The setup is really basic. In PINE setup (<TT><B>S, C</B></TT>after entering the program), fill in the <TT>inbox-path</TT> fieldwith <TT>{mail.isp.net}inbox</TT>, where "mail.isp.net" isthe hostname of the IMAP server.</P><P>The next time you enter PINE, your inbox will be the one stored on the server via IMAP.</P><HR><P>Comments, questions, suggestions, corrections? Send them all to <AHREF="mailto:jgo@local.net">jgo@local.net</A>. You can also tryusing the <A HREF="help.html">help form</A> or the <AHREF="guestbook.html">guestbook</A>, which is actually a feedbackform.</P><HR><P><B><FONT SIZE="-1">Copyright © 1997-1999 <AHREF="mailto:jgo@local.net">Joshua Go (jgo@local.net)</A>. Allrights reserved. Permission to use, distribute, and copy this document ishereby granted. You may modify this document as long as credit to me isgiven.</FONT></B></P></BODY></HTML>⌨️ 快捷键说明
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