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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/loose.dtd"><HTML><HEAD><TITLE>Josh's Linux Guide - Setting Up Netscape Navigator</TITLE> <META NAME="Author" CONTENT="Joshua Go"> <META NAME="Description" CONTENT="A Linux guide on setting up Netscape Navigator for Linux/X11 from the viewpoint of a beginner."> <META NAME="keywords" CONTENT="beginners, Linux, help, #LinuxHelp, X, window, system, Netscape, netscape, navigator, Navigator, Mozilla, Java, java, helper, applications"><BASE TARGET="_top"></HEAD><LINK REL="stylesheet" TYPE="text/css" HREF="default.css"><BODY BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" TEXT="#000000" LINK="#0000FF" VLINK="#7F007F"><H2><A NAME="0">Setting Up Netscape Navigator</A></H2><FONT SIZE="-1"><B>Last modified: November 15, 1998</B></FONT><BR><FONT SIZE="-1"><B>Development stage: Alpha</B></FONT><BR><P>If you're trying to keep your computer free of any and all Microsoftsoftware, it's really easy with Linux. Netscape Communicator is availablefor Linux and Unix systems. Some systems (such as Red Hat 5.1) mightalready have this, because Netscape made the browser free and even openedup <A HREF="http://www.mozilla.org">Mozilla to open development</A>.</P><H3><A NAME="1">Simple Red Hat Installation</A></H3><P>If you're using Red Hat, you can simply download Netscape 4 asCommunicator or Navigator (standalone). For Red Hat 5, you can go to theupdates directory at <AHREF="http://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/distributions/redhat/current/updates/i386/">SunSITE</A>and get the entire Netscape Communicator suite or just Navigator. For RedHat 4.x, you can get it at <AHREF="http://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/distributions/redhat/redhat-4.2/updates/i386">SunSITE</A>as well. The filename will be something like<TT>netscape-communicator-4.06-2.i386.rpm</TT>, if you're downloading theentire Communicator suite. If you want to get both Communicator andNavigator standalone, I think you'll have to get the netscape-commonpackage as well.</P><P>Then to install the file(s) that you downloaded, go to the directorywhere it was downloaded, and as the root user, type:</P><PRE>rpm -ivh netscape-communicator-4.06-2.i386.rpm</PRE><P>And that should set everything else up in a snap. You should then beable to type "netscape" in an xterm or add it to the *.rc ormenu file for your window manager. You won't need to read any further.:-)</P><P>There might be a later version of the browser after you read this.</P><H3><A NAME="2">The Hard Way</A></H3><P>I'm not sure where Netscape keeps the Navigator 3 that still works withLinux 2, but the file to download for Netscape 4 is right <AHREF="ftp://ftp3.netscape.com/pub/communicator/4.04/shipping/english/unix/linux20/base_install/communicator-v404-export.x86-unknown-linux2.0.tar.gz">here</A>. It's pretty easy to install.</P><P><A HREF="mailto:asmith@hsonline.net">Andy Smith</A> suggested that youput the Netscape binary in <TT>/usr/bin/</TT> or <TT>/usr/sbin/</TT> sothat you can just type "netscape" from the xterm window, insteadof specifying the entire path. Or, you can add it to your window manager'smenu file, usually the .*rc file in your home directory (.steprc forAfterStep, .fvwm95rc for fvwm95, etc.).</P><P>A more appropriate place to put it would probably be in<TT>/usr/local/bin/</TT> so that it would not clutter <TT>/usr/bin</TT>(which already has a lot of programs that were installed with yourdistribution). If you have access to the root user on the system, youshould install it in those directories; if not, then you'll have to keepthem in directories that you have permission to write to (such as<TT>~/bin/</TT>, which is the <TT>bin/</TT> subdirectory in your user'shome directory).</P><P>As you may see, this is different from a lot of Linux programs and isalready in a binary executable. No compiling is necessary.</P><H3><A NAME="3">Java Problems with Netscape 3.x</A></H3><P>I now use the newer Netscape Communicator, but in case you preferNetscape Navigator 3, Java setup was one problem that I faced until Ifinally decided to ask questions in #Linux on the Efnet IRC network. Ifound out that I was supposed to put java_301 in<TT>/usr/local/lib/netscape/</TT> or <TT>$HOME/.netscape</TT>. As youprobably know by now, the <TT>$HOME</TT> variable represents your homedirectory. <B>The file <TT>java_301</TT> goes in a <TT>netscape</TT>directory!</B></P><PRE>netscape: '/usr/local/lib/netscape/plugins/java_301' is not an ELF fileERROR: Not an ELF fileCant load plugin /usr/local/lib/netscape/plugins/java_301. Ignored.</PRE><P>If your console/terminal screen gives this error when you're startingNavigator, that doesn't necessarily mean that your Java isn't loaded. Anything you put in <TT>whatever/directory/.netscape/plugins</TT> is to beread as a plug-in, so then Netscape thinks that the <TT>java_301</TT> fileis an executable, which it isn't. If you don't want to see this error, Isuggest that you remove <TT>java_301</TT> from the incorrect directory andplace it in the correct one. That file is just a compressed archive thatis "unzipped" when you are going to use it. I might have misreadthe README file that came with Netscape after I extracted it, and thatcould be the cause of my troubles. Oh well, if any of you have troublewith Java in Netscape, this might be the solution. If not, <AHREF="mailto:jgo@local.net">send me</A> the error message and I'll tryto help, despite my limitations as a mere mortal.</P><P>I've heard some reports that confirmed that there was a bug with LinuxNetscape 3.0 and Java. When encountered with most Java applets, Netscape3.0 just shuts down, no error message, nothing. It just closes. The fix isto download <AHREF="http://www.blackdown.org/java-linux/downloads/gnumalloc.tar.gz">thislibrary</A> (gnumalloc.so) and put it [<TT>gnumalloc.so</TT>] in</TT>/lib</TT>. Then put the following lines into a script, make thescript executable (<B>chmod 755 scriptname</B>). Make sure you don'toverwrite the <TT>netscape</TT> executable.</P><PRE>#!/bin/shexport CLASSPATH="/usr/local/netscape/java/classes/java_301:."export LD_PRELOAD="/lib/gnumalloc.so"exec /usr/local/bin/netscape "$@"</PRE><P>I have that written to a text file as <TT><AHREF="netscape.script">netscape.script</A></TT>. I put that script in<TT>/usr/local/bin</TT> so that I could execute it from X. After puttingit there, edit the rc file of the window manager you're using in your homedirectory (or the system-wide window manager rc file if you please). Makewhichever references to the <TT>netscape</TT> executable point to<TT>netscape.script</TT> or whatever you named it as. Also, if you want toload Netscape Navigator manually, just type <TT>netscape.script</TT> in an<B>xterm</B> window. More information on Java and Linux is available at <AHREF="http://www.blackdown.org">http://www.blackdown.org</A>.</P><H3><A NAME="4">Plugins</A></H3><P>Netscape doesn't distribute plugins with Navigator for Linux/X11 due tosome restrictions about using commercial libraries (Motif). So, you'llhave to get separate plugins by downloading from people other thanNetscape. This way, you'll be able to hear embedded sounds in webpagesthat have become so popular. One such program that I got to work is <AHREF="http://www.hubbe.net/~hubbe/plugger.html">Plugger</A>. All I did wasextract the .tar.gz file, modify some source code (to point to where the.h files were), and put it in <TT>/usr/local/netscape/plugins</TT>. Thefile you put in your Netscape plugins directory should be something like<TT>mimeplugin.so</TT>. That was a while ago; you might not even have tomodify source code.</P><P>To set it up, in Netscape, just click on the MIME types it supports bygoing to the <B>Options</B> menu and going to <B>General Preferences</B>. Click on <TT>audio/x-midi</TT> in <B>Helpers</B> as an example and youwill see an option to use "Generic Linux Plug-in". Enable usingthe plugin so that you can hear embedded sounds in a page. On my system,when I used a standalone helper application such as <B>wavplay</B> or<B>playmidi</B>, I could hear sounds if I went directly to a sound file,but not if it was embedded as a background sound in a webpage.</P><H3><A NAME="5">Additional Stuff</A></H3><P>I am surprised by the response of people to this page! Everyone canpitch in and help, like <A HREF="mailto:marox@cris.com">markmohr</A>. Herewas the message he gave, stating his self-found solution:</P><PRE>Well I finally figured out what was wrong and how to install Netscape. After transferring the file over to the Linux Partition, I told you that Iused gunzip to unzip it, and what I got from that was just a file callednetscape.Well I opened that file in vi and started to read it, and init, it tells you the commands you need to use to unzip it and have all thefiles you unzip in the directory you have it in. So I transferred it backover in its zipped up state and unzipped this time using this command<B>"#gzip -dc netscape.gz | tar -xvf- "</B> it work all the files came upand when I typed #netscape from the xterm window bing, bang boom up poppedNetscape Navigator. Now I'll I have to figure out is how to dial out with my modem and use the darn thing.Thanks for all your help and you might want to add to our web page thecommand to unzip the zip file.Keep in touchMark</PRE><P><A HREF="mailto:randy.conn@usa.net">Randy Conn</A> wrote in to say,"<I><A HREF="http://www.fortify.net">http://www.fortify.net</A> has apatching program that will convert the freely downloadable 56 bit versionof Netscape into 128 bit operation. Then, you don't have to put your nameand address into the government database the way you do if you want todirectly download the 128 bit version. I have successfully used fortify toupgrade Netscape Communicator 4.06 running under Debian 2.0/Linux2.0.34&5. A few weeks after using fortify, I found that it exists as aDebian package in the unstable/web section near the end.</I>".</P><H3><A NAME="6">Author's Notes</A></H3><P>Many of the problems with Navigator 3 have been fixed in Communicator.Of course, no software is perfect, so there are still bugs lying around.It's especially hard to find and maintain a program as large asCommunicator.</P><HR><P>Comments, questions, suggestions, corrections? Send them all to <AHREF="mailto:jgo@local.net">jgo@local.net</A>.</P><HR><P><B><FONT SIZE="-1">Copyright © 1997-1999 <AHREF="mailto:jgo@local.net">Joshua Go (jgo@local.net)</A>. Allrights reserved. Permission to use, distribute, and copy this document ishereby granted. You may modify this document as long as credit to me isgiven.</FONT></B></P></BODY></HTML>⌨️ 快捷键说明
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