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<title>Stopping and Restarting - Apache HTTP Server</title>
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<p class="menu"><a href="./mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="./mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="./faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="./glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="./sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p>
<p class="apache">Apache HTTP Server Version 2.0</p>
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<a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">HTTP Server</a> > <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/">Documentation</a> > <a href="./">Version 2.0</a></div><div id="page-content"><div id="preamble"><h1>Stopping and Restarting</h1>
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<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="./de/stopping.html" hreflang="de" rel="alternate" title="Deutsch"> de </a> |
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<p>This document covers stopping and restarting Apache on
Unix-like systems. Windows NT, 2000 and XP users should see
<a href="platform/windows.html#winsvc">Running Apache as a
Service</a> and Windows 9x and ME users should see <a href="platform/windows.html#wincons">Running Apache as a
Console Application</a> for information on how to control
Apache on those platforms.</p>
</div>
<div id="quickview"><ul id="toc"><li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#introduction">Introduction</a></li>
<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#term">Stop Now</a></li>
<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#graceful">Graceful Restart</a></li>
<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#hup">Restart Now</a></li>
<li><img alt="" src="./images/down.gif" /> <a href="#race">Appendix: signals and race conditions</a></li>
</ul><h3>See also</h3><ul class="seealso"><li><code class="program"><a href="./programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code></li><li><code class="program"><a href="./programs/apachectl.html">apachectl</a></code></li></ul></div>
<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="introduction" id="introduction">Introduction</a></h2>
<p>In order to stop or restart Apache, you must send a signal to
the running <code class="program"><a href="./programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code> processes. There are two ways to
send the signals. First, you can use the unix <code>kill</code>
command to directly send signals to the processes. You will
notice many <code class="program"><a href="./programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code> executables running on your system,
but you should not send signals to any of them except the parent,
whose pid is in the <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mpm_common.html#pidfile">PidFile</a></code>. That is to say you
shouldn't ever need to send signals to any process except the
parent. There are three signals that you can send the parent:
<code><a href="#term">TERM</a></code>,
<code><a href="#hup">HUP</a></code>, and
<code><a href="#graceful">USR1</a></code>, which
will be described in a moment.</p>
<p>To send a signal to the parent you should issue a command
such as:</p>
<div class="example"><p><code>kill -TERM `cat /usr/local/apache2/logs/httpd.pid`</code></p></div>
<p>The second method of signaling the <code class="program"><a href="./programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code> processes
is to use the <code>-k</code> command line options: <code>stop</code>,
<code>restart</code>, and <code>graceful</code>,
as described below. These are arguments to the <code class="program"><a href="./programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code> binary, but we recommend that
you send them using the <code class="program"><a href="./programs/apachectl.html">apachectl</a></code> control script, which
will pass them through to <code class="program"><a href="./programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code>.</p>
<p>After you have signaled <code class="program"><a href="./programs/httpd.html">httpd</a></code>, you can read about
its progress by issuing:</p>
<div class="example"><p><code>tail -f /usr/local/apache2/logs/error_log</code></p></div>
<p>Modify those examples to match your <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/core.html#serverroot">ServerRoot</a></code> and <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mpm_common.html#pidfile">PidFile</a></code> settings.</p>
</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="term" id="term">Stop Now</a></h2>
<dl><dt>Signal: TERM</dt>
<dd><code>apachectl -k stop</code></dd>
</dl>
<p>Sending the <code>TERM</code> or <code>stop</code> signal to
the parent causes it to immediately attempt to kill off all of its
children. It may take it several seconds to complete killing off
its children. Then the parent itself exits. Any requests in
progress are terminated, and no further requests are served.</p>
</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="./images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="graceful" id="graceful">Graceful Restart</a></h2>
<dl><dt>Signal: USR1</dt>
<dd><code>apachectl -k graceful</code></dd>
</dl>
<p>The <code>USR1</code> or <code>graceful</code> signal causes
the parent process to <em>advise</em> the children to exit after
their current request (or to exit immediately if they're not
serving anything). The parent re-reads its configuration files and
re-opens its log files. As each child dies off the parent replaces
it with a child from the new <em>generation</em> of the
configuration, which begins serving new requests immediately.</p>
<div class="note">On certain platforms that do not allow <code>USR1</code> to
be used for a graceful restart, an alternative signal may be used (such
as <code>WINCH</code>). The command <code>apachectl graceful</code>
will send the right signal for your platform.</div>
<p>This code is designed to always respect the process control
directive of the MPMs, so the number of processes and threads
available to serve clients will be maintained at the appropriate
values throughout the restart process. Furthermore, it respects
<code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mpm_common.html#startservers">StartServers</a></code> in the
following manner: if after one second at least <code class="directive"><a href="./mod/mpm_common.html#startservers">StartServers</a></code> new children have not
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