name-based.html.en

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        <br />
        &lt;VirtualHost *:80&gt;<br />
        <span class="indent">ServerName www.otherdomain.tld<br />
            DocumentRoot /www/otherdomain<br />
        </span>
        &lt;/VirtualHost&gt;<br />
    </code></p></div>

    <p>You can alternatively specify an explicit IP address in place of the
    <code>*</code> in both the <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#namevirtualhost">NameVirtualHost</a></code> and <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#virtualhost">&lt;VirtualHost&gt;</a></code> directives. For example, you might want to do this
    in order to run some name-based virtual hosts on one IP address, and either
    IP-based, or another set of name-based virtual hosts on another address.</p>

    <p>Many servers want to be accessible by more than one name. This is
    possible with the <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#serveralias">ServerAlias</a></code>
    directive, placed inside the <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#virtualhost">&lt;VirtualHost&gt;</a></code> section. For example in the first <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#virtualhost">&lt;VirtualHost&gt;</a></code> block above, the
    <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#serveralias">ServerAlias</a></code> directive indicates that
    the listed names are other names which people can use to see that same
    web site:</p>

    <div class="example"><p><code>
        ServerAlias domain.tld *.domain.tld
    </code></p></div>

    <p>then requests for all hosts in the <code>domain.tld</code> domain will
    be served by the <code>www.domain.tld</code> virtual host. The wildcard
    characters <code>*</code> and <code>?</code> can be used to match names.
    Of course, you can't just make up names and place them in <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#servername">ServerName</a></code> or <code>ServerAlias</code>. You must
    first have your DNS server properly configured to map those names to an IP
    address associated with your server.</p>

    <p>Finally, you can fine-tune the configuration of the virtual hosts
    by placing other directives inside the <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#virtualhost">&lt;VirtualHost&gt;</a></code> containers. Most directives can be
    placed in these containers and will then change the configuration only of
    the relevant virtual host. To find out if a particular directive is allowed,
    check the <a href="../mod/directive-dict.html#Context">Context</a> of the
    directive. Configuration directives set in the <em>main server context</em>
    (outside any <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#virtualhost">&lt;VirtualHost&gt;</a></code>
    container) will be used only if they are not overridden by the virtual host
    settings.</p>

    <p>Now when a request arrives, the server will first check if it is using
    an IP address that matches the <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#namevirtualhost">NameVirtualHost</a></code>. If it is, then it will look at each <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#virtualhost">&lt;VirtualHost&gt;</a></code> section with a matching
    IP address and try to find one where the <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#servername">ServerName</a></code> or <code>ServerAlias</code> matches the requested
    hostname. If it finds one, then it uses the configuration for that server.
    If no matching virtual host  is found, then <strong>the first listed virtual
    host</strong> that matches the IP address will be used.</p>

    <p>As a consequence, the first listed virtual host is the <em>default</em>
    virtual host.  The <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#documentroot">DocumentRoot</a></code> from
    the <em>main server</em> will <strong>never</strong> be used when an IP
    address matches the <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#namevirtualhost">NameVirtualHost</a></code> 
    directive. If you would like to have a special configuration for requests 
    that do not	match any particular virtual host, simply put that configuration
    in a <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#virtualhost">&lt;VirtualHost&gt;</a></code>
    container and list it first in the configuration file.</p>

</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="section">
<h2><a name="compat" id="compat">Compatibility with Older Browsers</a></h2>

    <p>As mentioned earlier, there are some clients
    who do not send the required data for the name-based virtual
    hosts to work properly. These clients will always be sent the
    pages from the first virtual host listed for that IP address
    (the <cite>primary</cite> name-based virtual host).</p>

    <div class="note"><h3>How much older?</h3>
    <p>Please note that when we say older, we really do mean older. You are
    very unlikely to encounter one of these browsers in use today. All
    current versions of any browser send the <code>Host</code> header as
    required for name-based virtual hosts.</p>
    </div>

    <p>There is a possible workaround with the <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#serverpath">ServerPath</a></code>
    directive, albeit a slightly cumbersome one:</p>

    <p>Example configuration:</p>

    <div class="example"><p><code>
        NameVirtualHost 111.22.33.44<br />
        <br />
        &lt;VirtualHost 111.22.33.44&gt;<br />
        <span class="indent">
            ServerName www.domain.tld<br />
            ServerPath /domain<br />
            DocumentRoot /web/domain<br />
        </span>
        &lt;/VirtualHost&gt;<br />
    </code></p></div>

    <p>What does this mean? It means that a request for any URI
    beginning with "<code>/domain</code>" will be served from the
    virtual host <code>www.domain.tld</code>. This means that the
    pages can be accessed as <code>http://www.domain.tld/domain/</code> 
    for all clients, although clients sending a <code>Host:</code> header 
    can also access it as <code>http://www.domain.tld/</code>.</p>

    <p>In order to make this work, put a link on your primary
    virtual host's page to
    <code>http://www.domain.tld/domain/</code>. Then, in the virtual
    host's pages, be sure to use either purely relative links
    (<em>e.g.</em>, "<code>file.html</code>" or
    "<code>../icons/image.gif</code>") or links containing the
    prefacing <code>/domain/</code> (<em>e.g.</em>,
    "<code>http://www.domain.tld/domain/misc/file.html</code>" or
    "<code>/domain/misc/file.html</code>").</p>

    <p>This requires a bit of discipline, but adherence to these
    guidelines will, for the most part, ensure that your pages will
    work with all browsers, new and old.</p>

</div></div>
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