refcard.tex

这个是LINUX下的GDB调度工具的源码

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% gdb-refcard.tex %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

%This file is TeX source for a reference card describing GDB, the GNU debugger.
%Copyright 1991, 1992, 1993, 1996, 1998, 1999, 2000
%Free Software Foundation, Inc.
%Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of
%this reference provided the copyright notices and permission notices
%are preserved on all copies.
%
%TeX markup is a programming language; accordingly this file is source
%for a program to generate a reference.
%
%This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
%it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
%the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
%any later version.
%
%This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
%WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
%MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
%General Public License for more details.
%
%You can find a copy of the GNU General Public License at the URL
%http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html; or write to the Free Software
%Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.
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%You can contact the maintainer at:  [e-mail]
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%
% 22-AUG-1993 Andreas Vogel
%
%   Modifications made in order to handle different papersizes correctly.
%   You only have to set the total width and height of the paper, the
%   horizontal and vertical margin space measured from *paper edge*
%   and the interline and interspec spacing.
%   In order to support a new papersize, you have to fiddle with the
%   latter four dimensions. Just try out a few values.
%   All other values will be computed at process time so it should be
%   quite easy to support different paper sizes - only four values to
%   guess :-)
%
%   To find the configuration places, just search for the string
%   "CONFIGURATION".
%
%   Andreas Vogel ([e-mail])
%
%
%
% Uncomment the following `magnification' command if you want to print
% out in a larger font.  Caution!  You may need larger paper.  You had
% best avoid using 3-column output if you try this.  See the ``Three
% column format'' section below if you want to print in three column
% format.
%
%\magnification=\magstep 1
%
% NOTE ON INTENTIONAL OMISSIONS: This reference card includes most GDB
% commands, but due to space constraints there are some things I chose
% to omit.  In general, not all synonyms for commands are covered, nor
% all variations of a command.
% The GDB-under-Emacs section omits gdb-mode functions without default
% keybindings.  GDB startup options are not described.
% set print sevenbit-strings, set symbol-reloading omitted.
% printsyms, printpsyms, omitted since they're for GDB maintenance primarily
% share omitted due to obsolescence
% set check range/type omitted at least til code is in GDB.
%
%-------------------- Three column format -----------------------

%%%% --- To disable three column format, comment out this entire section

% Three-column format for landscape printing

%-------- Papersize defs:

\newdimen\totalwidth \newdimen\totalheight
\newdimen\hmargin    \newdimen\vmargin
\newdimen\secskip    \newdimen\lskip
\newdimen\barwidth   \newdimen\barheight
\newdimen\intersecwidth

%%
%%  START CONFIGURATION - PAPERSIZE DEFINITIONS
%------- Papersize params:
%%  US letter paper (8.5x11in)
%%
\totalwidth=11in    % total width of paper
\totalheight=8.5in  % total height of paper
\hmargin=.25in      % horizontal margin width
\vmargin=.25in      % vertical margin width
\secskip=1pc        % space between refcard secs
\lskip=2pt          % extra skip between \sec entries
%------- end papersize params
%%
%%  change according to personal taste, not papersize dependent
%%
\barwidth=.1pt       % width of the cropmark bar
\barheight=2pt       % height of the cropmark bar
\intersecwidth=0.5em % width between \itmwid and \dfnwid
%%
%%  END CONFIGURATION - PAPERSIZE DEFINITIONS
%%

%%
%%  values to be computed - nothing to configure
%%
\newdimen\fullhsize     % width of area without margins
\newdimen\itmwid        % width of item column
\newdimen\dfnwid        % width of definition column
\newdimen\temp          % only for temporary use

%%
%%  adjust the offsets so the margins are measured *from paper edge*
%%
\hoffset=-1in \advance \hoffset by \hmargin
\voffset=-1in \advance \voffset by \vmargin

%%
%%  fullhsize = totalwidth - (2 * hmargin)
%%
\fullhsize=\totalwidth
\temp=\hmargin \multiply \temp by 2 \advance \fullhsize by -\temp

%%
%%  hsize = (fullhsize - (4 * hmargin) - (2 * barwidth)) / 3
%%
\hsize=\fullhsize
\temp=\hmargin \multiply \temp by 4 \advance \hsize by -\temp
\temp=\barwidth \multiply \temp by 2 \advance \hsize by -\temp
\divide \hsize by 3

%%
%%  vsize = totalheight - (2 * vmargin)
%%
\vsize=\totalheight
\temp=\vmargin \multiply \temp by 2 \advance \vsize by -\temp

%%
%%  itmwid = (hsize - intersecwidth) * 1/3
%%  dfnwid = (hsize - intersecwidth) * 2/3
%%
\temp=\hsize \advance \temp by -\intersecwidth \divide \temp by 3
\itmwid=\temp
\dfnwid=\hsize \advance \dfnwid by -\itmwid

%-------- end papersize defs


\def\fulline{\hbox to \fullhsize}
\let\lcr=L \newbox\leftcolumn\newbox\centercolumn
\output={\if L\lcr
            \global\setbox\leftcolumn=\columnbox \global\let\lcr=C
	 \else
            \if C\lcr
               \global\setbox\centercolumn=\columnbox \global\let\lcr=R
            \else \tripleformat \global\let\lcr=L
            \fi
         \fi
%         \ifnum\outputpenalty>-20000 \else\dosupereject\fi
      }

%%
%%  START CONFIGURATION - ALTERNATIVE FOLDING GUIDES
%%
%%  For NO printed folding guide,
%%  comment out other \def\vdecor's and uncomment:

%\def\vdecor{\hskip\hmargin plus1fil\hskip\barwidth plus1fil\hskip\hmargin plus1fil}

%%  For SOLID LINE folding guide,
%%  comment out other \def\vdecor's and uncomment:

%\def\vdecor{\hskip\hmargin plus1fil \vrule width \barwidth \hskip\hmargin plus1fil}

%%  For SMALL MARKS NEAR TOP AND BOTTOM as folding guide,
%%  comment out other \def\vdecor's and uncomment:

\def\vdecor{\hskip\hmargin plus1fil
\vbox to \vsize{\hbox to \barwidth{\vrule height\barheight width\barwidth}\vfill
\hbox to \barwidth{\vrule height\barheight width\barwidth}}%THIS PERCENT SIGN IS ESSENTIAL
\hskip\hmargin plus1fil}

%%
%%  END CONFIGURATION - ALTERNATIVES FOR FOLDING GUIDES
%%

\def\tripleformat{\shipout\vbox{\fulline{\box\leftcolumn\vdecor
					 \box\centercolumn\vdecor
					 \columnbox}
			       }
                 \advancepageno}
\def\columnbox{\leftline{\pagebody}}
\def\bye{\par\vfill
         \supereject
         \if R\lcr \null\vfill\eject\fi
         \end}

%-------------------- end three column format -----------------------

%-------------------- Computer Modern font defs: --------------------
\font\bbf=cmbx10
\font\vbbf=cmbx12
\font\smrm=cmr6
\font\brm=cmr10
\font\rm=cmr7
\font\it=cmti7
\font\tt=cmtt8
%-------------------- end font defs ---------------------------------

%
\hyphenpenalty=5000\tolerance=2000\raggedright\raggedbottom
\normalbaselineskip=9pt\baselineskip=9pt
%
\parindent=0pt
\parskip=0pt
\footline={\vbox to0pt{\hss}}
%
\def\ctl#1{{\tt C-#1}}
\def\opt#1{{\brm[{\rm #1}]}}
\def\xtra#1{\noalign{\smallskip{\tt#1}}}
%
\long\def\sec#1;#2\endsec{\vskip \secskip
\halign{%
%COL 1 (of halign):
\vtop{\hsize=\itmwid\tt
##\par\vskip \lskip }\hfil
%COL 2 (of halign):
&\vtop{\hsize=\dfnwid\hangafter=1\hangindent=\intersecwidth
\rm ##\par\vskip \lskip}\cr
%Tail of \long\def fills in halign body with \sec args:
\noalign{{\bbf #1}\vskip \lskip}
#2
}
}

{\vbbf GDB QUICK REFERENCE}\hfil{\smrm GDB Version 5}\qquad

\sec Essential Commands;
gdb {\it program} \opt{{\it core}}&debug {\it program} \opt{using
coredump {\it core}}\cr
b \opt{\it file\tt:}{\it function}&set breakpoint at {\it function} \opt{in \it file}\cr
run \opt{{\it arglist}}&start your program \opt{with {\it arglist}}\cr
bt& backtrace: display program stack\cr
p {\it expr}&display the value of an expression\cr
c &continue running your program\cr
n &next line, stepping over function calls\cr
s &next line, stepping into function calls\cr
\endsec

\sec Starting GDB;
gdb&start GDB, with no debugging files\cr
gdb {\it program}&begin debugging {\it program}\cr
gdb {\it program core}&debug coredump {\it core} produced by {\it
program}\cr
gdb --help&describe command line options\cr
\endsec

\sec Stopping GDB;
quit&exit GDB; also {\tt q} or {\tt EOF} (eg \ctl{d})\cr
INTERRUPT&(eg \ctl{c}) terminate current command, or send to running process\cr
\endsec

\sec Getting Help;
help&list classes of commands\cr
help {\it class}&one-line descriptions for commands in {\it class}\cr
help {\it command}&describe {\it command}\cr
\endsec

\sec Executing your Program;
run {\it arglist}&start your program with {\it arglist}\cr
run&start your program with current argument list\cr
run $\ldots$ <{\it inf} >{\it outf}&start your program with input, output
redirected\cr
\cr
kill&kill running program\cr
\cr
tty {\it dev}&use {\it dev} as stdin and stdout for next {\tt run}\cr
set args {\it arglist}&specify {\it arglist} for next
{\tt run}\cr
set args&specify empty argument list\cr
show args&display argument list\cr
\cr
show env&show all environment variables\cr
show env {\it var}&show value of environment variable {\it var}\cr
set env {\it var} {\it string}&set environment variable {\it var}\cr
unset env {\it var}&remove {\it var} from environment\cr
\endsec

\sec Shell Commands;
cd {\it dir}&change working directory to {\it dir}\cr
pwd&Print working directory\cr
make $\ldots$&call ``{\tt make}''\cr
shell {\it cmd}&execute arbitrary shell command string\cr
\endsec

\vfill
\line{\smrm \opt{ } surround optional arguments \hfill $\ldots$ show
one or more arguments}
\vskip\baselineskip
\centerline{\smrm \copyright 1998,2000 Free Software Foundation, Inc.\qquad Permissions on back}
\eject
\sec Breakpoints and Watchpoints;
break \opt{\it file\tt:}{\it line}\par
b \opt{\it file\tt:}{\it line}&set breakpoint at {\it line} number \opt{in \it file}\par 
eg:\quad{\tt break main.c:37}\quad\cr
break \opt{\it file\tt:}{\it func}&set breakpoint at {\it
func} \opt{in \it file}\cr
break +{\it offset}\par
break -{\it offset}&set break at {\it offset} lines from current stop\cr
break *{\it addr}&set breakpoint at address {\it addr}\cr
break&set breakpoint at next instruction\cr
break $\ldots$ if {\it expr}&break conditionally on nonzero {\it expr}\cr
cond {\it n} \opt{\it expr}&new conditional expression on breakpoint
{\it n}; make unconditional if no {\it expr}\cr
tbreak $\ldots$&temporary break; disable when reached\cr
rbreak {\it regex}&break on all functions matching {\it regex}\cr