lilo.8

LINUX lilo-22.7.1 源代码。

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.\" @(#)lilo.8 1.0 950728 aeb
.\" This page is based on the lilo docs, which carry the following
.\" COPYING condition:
.\"
.\" LILO program code, documentation and auxiliary programs are
.\" Copyright 1992-1998 Werner Almesberger.
.\" Extensions to LILO, documentation and auxiliary programs are
.\" Copyright 1999-2004 John Coffman.
.\" All rights reserved by the respective copyright holders.
.\" 
.\" Redistribution and use is subject to the terms set forth in
.\" the file COPYING in the source directory.
.\"
.\" Original version, Andries Brouwer ([e-mail]), 950728
.\" Added t directive, as Daniel Quinlan asked, 950824
.\" Added L switch, John Coffman, 991118
.\" Added T switch, John Coffman, 001001
.\" Added p switch, John Coffman, 010402
.\" Added x switch, John Coffman, 010409
.\" Added A switch, John Coffman, 010417
.\" Added M switch, John Coffman, 010417
.\" Added g switch, John Coffman, 010526
.\" Added z switch, John Coffman, 010829
.\" Added E switch, John Coffman, 020409
.\" Added B,F & X switches, John Coffman, 020418
.\" Added "k" option to I switch, John Coffman, 020609
.\" Added Z switch, John Coffman, 030314
.\" Added I switch options "D" and "a", John Coffman, 030513
.\" Added I switch option "R", John Coffman, 041116
.\"
.TH LILO 8 "16 Nov 2004"
.SH NAME
lilo \- install boot loader
.SH SYNOPSIS
Main function:
.LP
.B " /sbin/lilo"
\- install boot loader
.LP
Auxiliary uses:
.LP
.B " /sbin/lilo -A"
\- activate/show active partition
.br
.B " /sbin/lilo -E"
\- edit header or update a bitmap file
.br
.B " /sbin/lilo -I"
\- inquire path name of current kernel
.br
.B " /sbin/lilo -M "
\- write a Master Boot Loader on a device
.br
.B " /sbin/lilo -q"
\- query map
.br
.B " /sbin/lilo -R"
\- set default command line for next reboot
.br
.B " /sbin/lilo -T"
\- tell more about specified topic
.br
.B " /sbin/lilo {-u|-U}"
\- uninstall LILO boot loader
.SH DESCRIPTION
.LP
.B lilo
installs a boot loader that will be activated the next time you boot your
system. The default configuration file
.I "/etc/lilo.conf"
(see 'man lilo.conf') will contain most options, but many, including
those which override the
configuration file, may be specified on the command line.
.LP
.TP
.BI "\-\^A " "master-device [ N ]"
Used with a single argument, inquire of active partition on device
.IR master-device ;
e.g., \fI/dev/hda\fP.  With N==0, deactivate all partitions on the device.  With
N in the range [1..n], activate the specified partition and deactivate all
others.  Normally, only primary partitions [1..4] may be activated, but if
the Extended Master Boot Loader is present on the Master Boot Record
of the device
(see the \fI-M\fP option), any partition may be made active.  Whether the
actual OS in the partition will boot from an extended partition depends on
the characteristics of the OS.  LILO boot records for Linux
may be booted from an extended partition.
.TP
.BI "\-\^b " bootdev
Specify the boot device; i.e., where the boot loader will be installed.
"-b /dev/hda" specifies the Master Boot Record; "-b /dev/sdb5" specifies
the first extended partition on the second SCSI disk.
.TP
.BI "\-\^B " bitmap-file
Specify a bitmap file for the boot-time graphics screen, preferably one
already pre-processed with the 'lilo -E' command.
.TP
.B "\-\^c"
Enable map compaction. This will merge read requests from adjacent
sectors. Speeds up the booting (especially from floppy).
.TP
.BI "\-\^C " config-file
.B lilo
Specify an alternate pathname for the configuration file.
This option overrides the use of the default configuration file,
.IR "/etc/lilo.conf" .
.TP
.BI "\-\^d " delay
Specifies the delay time in tenths of a second (20 = 2 sec) before
automatically booting the first image.  Gives you time to interrupt the
automatic boot process with Shift, Alt, Ctrl, ScrollLock, or CapsLock.  If
interrupted, the `boot:' prompt is displayed.  This switch is overriden by
the appearance of
.I prompt
in the configuration file.
.TP
.BI "\-\^D " label
Use the kernel with the given label, instead of the first one
in the list, as the default kernel to boot.
.TP
.BI "\-\^E " filename.ext
If \fB.ext\fP is \fB.bmp\fP, then take the file to be a bitmap graphic file
for use in the "bitmap=" configuration file directive.  Enter an interactive
editor to create or update the color/placement information in the
bitmap file LILO header.  (see 'bmp-colors', 'bmp-table', and 'bmp-timer'
on the man page for 'lilo.conf(5)'.)
.sp
If \fB.ext\fP is \fB.dat\fP, then take the file to be a configuration file which
specifies bitmap graphic parameters, which are transferred into the LILO
header in the bitmap file of the same name.
.sp
When a \fB.bmp\fP file is modified using a graphics editor (e.g., GIMP), the
LILO header will be lost.  It can be restored using the \fB.dat\fP file,
which is used as a text-based backup for the LILO header information.
.TP
.BI "\-\^f " disk-tab
Specify disk geometry parameter file. (The default is
.IR /etc/disktab .)
.TP
.BI "\-\^F"
Override boot sector check for filesystems (e.g., swap, XFS, ...) which might be
destroyed by the installation of the LILO boot sector on the first sector of
the partition.  These filesystems use the first sector as a superblock.

Compare with "-P ignore", which bypasses certain partition table checks.
.TP
.BI "\-\^g"
Generate cylinder/head/sector (geometric) disk addresses.  Limited to
cylinders up to 1023.  Forces compatibility with older versions of LILO.
.TP
.BI "\-\^i " boot-loader
Specify a file to be used as the new boot loader. (The default is
.IR /boot/boot.b .)
.TP
.BI "\-I " "label [D|a|i|k|r|R]"
.B label
is taken to be the name of an image specified in the configuration file.
This command will print the path name of the corresponding kernel file, keytable
file, initial ramdisk file, root specification, or "append="
string ("i", "k", "r", "R", or "a" option). 
The "D" option ignores the
.B label
parameter, and prints the default "image=" label, or first "image=" label
if no default
.BI image
is specified.
.TP
.BI "\-\^l"
Generate 24-bit linear sector addresses instead of cylinder/head/sector
addresses.
.TP
.BI "\-\^L"
Generate 32-bit Logical Block Addresses instead of cylinder/head/sector
addresses, allowing
access to all partitions on disks with more than 1024 cylinders.
.TP
.BI "\-\^m " map-file
Use specified map file instead of the default.
.TP
.BI "\-\^M " "master-device " "[mbr|ext]"
Install a Master Boot Record on the device specified as
.IR master-device ,
selecting the Standard or Extended Master Boot Loader per the option.
The primary partition table on
.I master-device
is undisturbed.  If no valid Volume-ID (serial number)
is present, then generate one
and write it to the MBR.  If \fBmbr\fP is specified, the Standard Master
Boot Loader
will search partitions 1-4 for an active flag, and boot the flagged
partition.  Only one active flag is allowed.  If \fBext\fP is specified, the
search for an active partition will include extended partitions as well. 
The presence of the Extended Master Boot Loader on the
Master Boot Record (MBR = sector 0) of a disk
affects the operation of the \fI-A\fP option.
.TP
.BI "\-\^p"
Require interactive entry of all passwords specified as
.B """""" 
in the configuration file.
.TP
.BI "\-\^P " "{fix|ignore|\<global-option\>}"
Fix or ignore `corrupt' partition tables, i.e., partition tables
with linear and cylinder/head/sector addresses that do not correspond.
Always try
.I -P ignore
first, as
.I -P fix
will re-write the partition table, possibly destroying all partitions
on the disk.

.I -P ignore
is also used to bypass the partition table check for partition types within
the partition table which
might not allow the installation of a LILO boot sector.  Compare with the
"-F" flag, which overrides the check of the actual boot sector.

.I "-P <global-option>"
allows the passing of any global option which may appear in the global
section (top) of the configuration file (/etc/lilo.conf).  For instance,
.I -P nowarn
will pass the "nowarn" option, just as though "nowarn" appeared in the
configuration file (same as the "-w" switch).  Similarly,
.I -P timeout=50
will add or override the "timeout=" line in the configuration file.  Note
that the general
.I -P
switch actually duplicates a number of command line option switches. 
However, it is not strictly the same as some switches whick cause an
override of other options; e.g., "-g" (-P geometric), "-L" (-P lba32).
.TP
.B \-\^q
List the currently mapped files.
.B lilo
maintains a file, by default
.IR "/boot/map" ,
containing the name and location of the kernel(s) to boot.
This option will list the names therein.  Use with \fB-v\fP for
more detailed information about the installed boot loader.
.TP
.BI "\-\^r " root-directory
Before doing anything else, do a \fIchroot\fP to the indicated
directory. The new root directory must contain a
.I /dev
directory, and may need a