📄 sec1-2.htm
字号:
12.0pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>关系式</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyTextIndent style='text-indent:125.4pt;tab-stops:122.55pt'><span
lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt'>WRITE(*,*)<span style='mso-tab-count:1'> </span></span><span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>变量或常数</span><span lang=EN-US
style='font-size:12.0pt'>,</span><span lang=ZH-CN style='font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>关系式</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='tab-stops:65.55pt'><span lang=ZH-CN style='font-size:
12.0pt;font-family:宋体;color:#CC00FF'>赋值语句</span><span lang=ZH-CN
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体'>：</span><span lang=EN-US
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'> </span></span><span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体'>将等式右边的变量取值赋予左边的变量。</span><span
lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyTextIndent style='text-indent:125.4pt;tab-stops:122.55pt'><span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体'>变量</span><span lang=EN-US
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体'> = </span><span lang=ZH-CN
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体'>变量、常数、关系式</span><span lang=EN-US
style='font-size:12.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyTextIndent style='text-indent:125.4pt;tab-stops:122.55pt'><span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>例：</span><span lang=EN-US
style='font-size:12.0pt'>sum = sum + x<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=ZH-CN style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;
color:#CC00FF'>算术运算</span><span lang=ZH-CN style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:
宋体'>： </span><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyTextIndent style='text-indent:125.4pt;tab-stops:122.55pt'><span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体'>２项运算：加</span><span
lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体'>(+)</span><span lang=ZH-CN
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体'>，减</span><span lang=EN-US
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体'>(-)</span><span lang=ZH-CN
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体'>，乘</span><span lang=EN-US
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体'>(*)</span><span lang=ZH-CN
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体'>，除</span><span lang=EN-US
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体'>(/)</span><span lang=ZH-CN
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体'>，乘方</span><span lang=EN-US
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体'>(**)</span><span lang=ZH-CN
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体'>。</span><span lang=EN-US
style='font-size:12.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyTextIndent style='text-indent:125.4pt;tab-stops:122.55pt'><span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>运算的优先顺序：加，减</span><span lang=ZH-CN
style='font-size:12.0pt'> </span><span lang=ZH-CN style='font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>＜</span><span lang=ZH-CN style='font-size:12.0pt'> </span><span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>乘，除</span><span lang=ZH-CN
style='font-size:12.0pt'> </span><span lang=ZH-CN style='font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>＜</span><span lang=ZH-CN style='font-size:12.0pt'> </span><span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>乘方，括号中优先</span><span lang=EN-US
style='font-size:12.0pt'>(</span><span lang=ZH-CN style='font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'> </span><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt'>)</span><span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>。</span><span lang=EN-US
style='font-size:12.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyTextIndent style='text-indent:125.4pt;tab-stops:122.55pt'><span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>单项运算：（例 </span><span lang=EN-US
style='font-size:12.0pt'>-a</span><span lang=ZH-CN style='font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>）</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='tab-stops:65.55pt'><span lang=ZH-CN style='font-size:
12.0pt;font-family:宋体;color:#CC00FF'>数据类型</span><span lang=ZH-CN
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体'>：</span><span lang=EN-US
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'> </span></span><span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体'>按定义有整数、实数、复数、双精度数等。</span><span
lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm;mso-list:l1 level1 lfo2;tab-stops:
list 18.0pt;text-autospace:none'><a name="第1_2_1b"><![if !supportLists]><span
lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;color:red'><span
style='mso-list:Ignore'>a)<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
</span></span></span><![endif]><span lang=ZH-CN style='font-family:宋体;
color:red'>输出字符</span></a><span style='mso-bookmark:第1_2_1b'><span lang=EN-US
style='font-family:宋体;color:red'><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<span style='mso-bookmark:第1_2_1b'></span>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;
color:#333399'>[</span><span lang=ZH-CN style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:
宋体;color:#333399'>例</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:
宋体;color:#333399'>1.2] </span><span lang=ZH-CN style='font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:宋体;color:#333399'>输入圆錐底面半径</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:
12.0pt;font-family:宋体;color:#333399'>r</span><span lang=ZH-CN style='font-size:
12.0pt;font-family:宋体;color:#333399'>和高</span><span lang=EN-US
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;color:#333399'>h</span><span lang=ZH-CN
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;color:#333399'>，求体积和表面积。</span><span
lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体'>[<a
href="example/e_121_02.f90">e_121_02.f90</a>]</span><span lang=EN-US
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-font-kerning:
0pt'>[</span><span lang=ZH-CN style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;
mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-font-kerning:0pt'>计算例</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;
mso-font-kerning:0pt'>]<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体'>Input
radius r and height h ?<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span></span><span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体'>← 提示待输入数据的物理含义</span><span
lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体'><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>3.0<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>
</span>5.2<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体'><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>Volume =<span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>49.00885<span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>
</span></span><span lang=ZH-CN style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体'>← 打印计算值</span><span
lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体'><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>Area<span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>=<span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>84.85442 <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='tab-stops:102.6pt'><span lang=ZH-CN style='font-size:
12.0pt;font-family:宋体;color:#CC00FF'>数据的输入</span><span lang=ZH-CN
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体'>：</span><span lang=EN-US
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体'>READ * </span><span lang=ZH-CN
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体'>语句执行时进入等待数据输入的状态。数个数据输入时以英文逗号、空格或换行符作区别，单个数据中间不能有空格。</span><span
lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:71.15pt;text-indent:-71.15pt;mso-char-indent-count:
-5.93;tab-stops:102.6pt'><span lang=ZH-CN style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:
宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
color:#CC00FF'>字符的输出</span><span lang=ZH-CN style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:
宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>：在执行</span><span
lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt'>READ</span><span lang=ZH-CN
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>语句时，计算机已经进入等待数据输入的状态，但它不会给出任何提示。除了程序员以外，谁也不会知道需要输入什么数据，即使是程序员自己可能也会忘记。另外，</span><span
lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt'>PRINT</span><span lang=ZH-CN
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>语句打印的数据到到底是什么物理含义也需指明。因此，需要输出文字内容。</span><span
lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-font-kerning:0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyTextIndent style='text-indent:125.4pt;tab-stops:190.95pt'><span
lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-language:JA'>PRINT
*,</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体'><span
style='mso-tab-count:1'> </span></span><span lang=ZH-CN
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体'>字符常量</span><span lang=EN-US
style='font-size:12.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyTextIndent style='text-indent:125.4pt;tab-stops:190.95pt'><span
lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt'>WRITE(*,*)<span style='mso-tab-count:1'> </span></span><span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>字符常量</span><span lang=EN-US
style='font-size:12.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:71.25pt;text-indent:-71.25pt'><span
lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt;
mso-fareast-language:JA'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:71.15pt;text-indent:-71.15pt;mso-char-indent-count:
-5.93;tab-stops:102.6pt'><span lang=ZH-CN style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:
宋体;color:#CC00FF'>字符常量</span><span lang=ZH-CN style='font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>：</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt'><span
style='mso-tab-count:1'> </span></span><span lang=ZH-CN
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体'>用</span><span lang=EN-US
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体'>'</span><span lang=ZH-CN
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体'> </span><span lang=EN-US
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体'>'</span><span lang=ZH-CN
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体'>或</span><span lang=EN-US
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体'>"</span><span lang=ZH-CN
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体'> </span><span lang=EN-US
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体'>"</span><span lang=ZH-CN
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体'>括起来的文字字符。</span><span lang=EN-US
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<pre><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:宋体'><o:p> </o:p></span></pre>
<p class=MsoNormal style='tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><span
lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;color:#333399'>[</span><span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;color:#333399'>例</span><span
lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;color:#333399'>1.3] </span><span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;color:#333399'>已知放射性元素的半衰期，求给定时间后的衰减量。</span><span
lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体'>[<a
href="example/e_121_03.f90">e_121_03.f90</a>]</span><span lang=EN-US
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><span
lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;color:#333399'>[</span><span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;color:#333399'>例</span><span
lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;color:#333399'>1.4] </span><span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;color:#333399'>给定一整数，求其自平方至５次乗方的各次乘方。</span><span
lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体'>[<a
href="example/e_121_04.f90">e_121_04.f90</a>]</span><span lang=EN-US
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt'><span
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