📄 sec1-2.htm
字号:
21.0pt;text-justify-trim:punctuation'>
<div class=Section1 style='layout-grid:15.6pt'>
<p align=center style='margin:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:center'><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:22.0pt;
font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-font-family:华文细黑;color:#333399'>Fortran</span></b><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span lang=ZH-CN style='font-size:22.0pt;
font-family:华文细黑;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:#333399'>程序简例</span></b><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:22.0pt;
font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-font-family:华文细黑;color:#333399'><o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class=MsoNormal align=center style='margin-top:15.6pt;margin-right:0cm;
margin-bottom:15.6pt;margin-left:0cm;mso-para-margin-top:1.0gd;mso-para-margin-right:
0cm;mso-para-margin-bottom:1.0gd;mso-para-margin-left:0cm;text-align:center;
mso-char-indent-size:12pt'><a name="第1_2_1"><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:
16.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:楷体_GB2312'>1.2.1</span></a><span
style='mso-bookmark:第1_2_1'></span><span lang=ZH-CN style='font-size:16.0pt;
mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:楷体_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
color:red'>编程实例</span><b><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:16.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:
12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:楷体_GB2312'><o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:24.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;
mso-char-indent-size:10.5pt'><span lang=ZH-CN style='font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:宋体'>为了对</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:
宋体'>Fortran</span><span lang=ZH-CN style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体'>程序有一个初步了解，下面先介绍几个简单的</span><span
lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体'>Fortran</span><span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体'>源程序。</span><span lang=EN-US
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='margin-left:0cm;text-indent:0cm;mso-list:l1 level1 lfo2;tab-stops:
list 18.0pt;text-autospace:none'><a name="第1_2_1a"><![if !supportLists]><span
lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;color:red'><span
style='mso-list:Ignore'>a)<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
</span></span></span><![endif]><span lang=ZH-CN style='font-family:宋体;
color:red'>基本语句</span></a><span style='mso-bookmark:第1_2_1a'><span lang=EN-US
style='font-family:宋体;color:red'><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<span style='mso-bookmark:第1_2_1a'></span>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;
color:#333399'>[</span><span lang=ZH-CN style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:
宋体;color:#333399'>例</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:
宋体;color:#333399'>1.1] </span><span lang=ZH-CN style='font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:宋体;color:#333399'>输入两个数，求算数平均和几何平均值。</span><span lang=EN-US
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体'>[<a href="example/e_121_01.f">e_121_01.f</a>][<a
href="example/e_121_01.f90">e_121_01.f90</a>]<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-font-kerning:
0pt'>[</span><span lang=ZH-CN style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;
mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-font-kerning:0pt'>计算例</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;
mso-font-kerning:0pt'>]<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体'><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>1.0<span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>2.0<span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>
</span></span><span lang=ZH-CN style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体'>←键盘输入</span><span
lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体'>(a,b)</span><span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体'>值</span><span lang=EN-US
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体'><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>1.500000<span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>1.414214<span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>
</span></span><span lang=ZH-CN style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体'>←计算结果输出至屏幕</span><span
lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:24.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;
tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;
mso-char-indent-size:12pt'><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:
宋体'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=ZH-CN style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;
mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>程序説明：</span><span
lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-font-kerning:0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:24.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;
tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;
mso-char-indent-size:12pt'><span lang=ZH-CN style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:
宋体'>程序中第</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体'>1</span><span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体'>行是注释行，对程序起说明作用。</span><span
lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体'>F77</span><span lang=ZH-CN
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体'>注释行是以“</span><span lang=EN-US
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体'>C</span><span lang=ZH-CN
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体'>”或“</span><span lang=EN-US
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体'>*</span><span lang=ZH-CN
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体'>”作为该行第一个字符的，</span><span lang=EN-US
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体'>F90</span><span lang=ZH-CN
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体'>可在任意一行末以“</span><span lang=EN-US
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体'>!</span><span lang=ZH-CN
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体'>”开始作为注释符。第</span><span lang=EN-US
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体'>2</span><span lang=ZH-CN
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体'>行是主程序名，第</span><span lang=EN-US
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体'>3</span><span lang=ZH-CN
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体'>行是变量类型定义，第</span><span lang=EN-US
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体'>4</span><span lang=ZH-CN
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体'>行是输入语句，第</span><span lang=EN-US
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体'>5</span><span lang=ZH-CN
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体'>－</span><span lang=EN-US
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体'>6</span><span lang=ZH-CN
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体'>行是赋值部分，第</span><span lang=EN-US
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体'>7</span><span lang=ZH-CN
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体'>行是打印输出语句，最后是程序结束。注意</span><span
lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体'>F77</span><span lang=ZH-CN
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体'>的固定书写格式和</span><span lang=EN-US
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体'>F90</span><span lang=ZH-CN
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体'>的自由格式。</span><span lang=EN-US
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体'>F90</span><span lang=ZH-CN
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体'>中用“；”将两行并为一行。</span><span lang=EN-US
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:24.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;
tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;
mso-char-indent-size:12pt'><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:
宋体'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='tab-stops:102.6pt'><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:
12.0pt;color:#CC00FF;mso-fareast-language:JA'>PROGRAM</span><span lang=JA
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:#CC00FF;mso-fareast-language:
JA'>语句</span><span lang=JA style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-language:
JA'>：</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt'><span style='mso-tab-count:
1'> </span></span><span lang=JA style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;
mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-language:JA'>宣布程序开始，</span><span lang=ZH-CN style='font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>其后跟程序名。</span><span lang=JA style='font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-language:JA'>可省略。</span><span lang=EN-US
style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-language:JA'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='tab-stops:102.6pt'><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:
12.0pt;color:#CC00FF'>REAL</span><span lang=ZH-CN style='font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman";color:#CC00FF'>语句</span><span lang=ZH-CN style='font-size:
12.0pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>：</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt'><span
style='mso-tab-count:1'> </span></span><span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>定义</span><span lang=EN-US
style='font-size:12.0pt'>a,b,...</span><span lang=ZH-CN style='font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>等变量为实数型数据。如为整数型，则用</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:
12.0pt'>INTEGER</span><span lang=ZH-CN style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:
宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>定义。</span><span
lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-language:JA'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='tab-stops:102.6pt'><span lang=ZH-CN style='font-size:
12.0pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman";color:#CC00FF'>变量名</span><span lang=ZH-CN style='font-size:
12.0pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>：</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt'><span
style='mso-tab-count:1'> </span></span><span
lang=JA style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-language:JA'>可用</span><span
lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-language:JA'>a,b</span><span
lang=JA style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-language:JA'>等无具体意义的文字，或用</span><span
lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-language:JA'>average_value</span><span
lang=JA style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-language:JA'>等英文缩写。使用的字符和文字长度有具体规定。</span><span
lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-language:JA'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='tab-stops:102.6pt'><span lang=ZH-CN style='font-size:
12.0pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman";color:#CC00FF'>输入输出语句</span><span lang=JA style='font-size:
12.0pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-language:JA'>：</span><span lang=EN-US
style='font-size:12.0pt'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'> </span></span><span
lang=JA style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-language:JA'>可以用以下任一种默认格式，注意星号</span><span
lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-language:JA'>(*)</span><span
lang=JA style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-language:JA'>和逗号</span><span
lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-language:JA'>(,)</span><span
lang=JA style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-language:JA'>。星号意指</span><span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体'>默认的输入输出硬件</span><span
lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体'>(</span><span lang=ZH-CN
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体'>键盘和屏幕</span><span lang=EN-US
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体'>)</span><span lang=ZH-CN
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体'>及格式。</span><span lang=EN-US
style='font-size:12.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyTextIndent style='text-indent:125.4pt;tab-stops:122.55pt'><span
lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-language:JA'>READ *,</span><span
lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'> </span></span><span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>变量名</span><span lang=EN-US
style='font-size:12.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyTextIndent style='text-indent:125.4pt;tab-stops:122.55pt'><span
lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-language:JA'>READ(*,*)</span><span
lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'> </span></span><span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>变量名</span><span lang=EN-US
style='font-size:12.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyTextIndent style='text-indent:125.4pt;tab-stops:122.55pt'><span
lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-language:JA'>PRINT *,</span><span
lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt'><span style='mso-tab-count:1'> </span></span><span
lang=JA style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-language:JA'>变量或常数</span><span
lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt'>,</span><span lang=ZH-CN style='font-size:
⌨️ 快捷键说明
复制代码
Ctrl + C
搜索代码
Ctrl + F
全屏模式
F11
切换主题
Ctrl + Shift + D
显示快捷键
?
增大字号
Ctrl + =
减小字号
Ctrl + -