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<body bgcolor="#DDFFEE" lang=ZH-CN link=blue vlink=purple style='tab-interval:
21.0pt;text-justify-trim:punctuation'>
<div class=Section1 style='layout-grid:15.6pt'>
<p class=MsoNormal align=center style='margin-bottom:15.6pt;mso-para-margin-bottom:
1.0gd;text-align:center'><b><span style='font-size:22.0pt;font-family:华文细黑;
color:navy'>过程<a name="第6_2"></a><span lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></span></b></p>
<p class=MsoNormal align=center style='margin-top:15.6pt;margin-right:0cm;
margin-bottom:15.6pt;margin-left:0cm;mso-para-margin-top:1.0gd;mso-para-margin-right:
0cm;mso-para-margin-bottom:1.0gd;mso-para-margin-left:0cm;text-align:center'><a
name="第6_2_1"><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:16.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
mso-fareast-font-family:楷体_GB2312'>6.2.1</span></a><span lang=EN-US
style='font-size:16.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:楷体_GB2312'>
</span><span style='font-size:16.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:
楷体_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:red'>什么是过程</span><span
lang=EN-US style='font-size:16.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:
楷体_GB2312;color:red'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyTextIndent2 style='line-height:17.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:
exactly'><span lang=EN-US>Fortran编译系统提供内在函数，可以在任意程序单元中引用。但是在许多时候仅仅使用系统的内在函数并不能满足程序设计的需要，因此就需要自行编制相应的函数或子程序来扩充程序的处理能力。</span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyTextIndent2 style='line-height:17.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:
exactly'>过程是在程序的执行中可被直接调用的、封装在一起的、进行计算或处理的语句序列。它是任何一种过程型程序设计语言的重要组成部分，对<span
lang=EN-US>Fortran语言也不例外。F90中，一个过程的定义就是指它是一个函数或是一个子程序。</span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyTextIndent2 style='line-height:17.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:
exactly'>过程的引用就是调用一个过程。建立过程的目的就是建立可多次重复执行的程序段，以便多次调用它们。通常过程是带有参数的，在<span
lang=EN-US>Fortran中把参数称为变元（实元或哑元），过程定义中的变元<span class=GramE>是哑元</span>，过程引用中的变元是实元。在调用过程时，要用实元<span
class=GramE>代替哑元</span>，这<span class=GramE>就是哑实结合</span>。</span><b><span
lang=EN-US style='font-size:16.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-font-family:楷体_GB2312'><o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p style='margin-left:18.0pt;text-indent:-18.0pt;mso-list:l14 level1 lfo2;
tab-stops:list 18.0pt'><a name="第6_2_1a"></a><![if !supportLists]><span
lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;color:red'><span
style='mso-list:Ignore'>a)<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
</span></span></span><![endif]><span style='font-family:宋体;color:red'>分类<span
lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyTextIndent2 style='line-height:17.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:
exactly'>过程包括下面几种类型：<span lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyTextIndent2 style='margin-left:103.5pt;text-indent:-79.4pt;
mso-char-indent-count:0;line-height:17.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;
mso-list:l1 level1 lfo4;tab-stops:42.55pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;
mso-char-indent-size:0cm'><![if !supportLists]><span lang=EN-US
style='font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family:
Symbol'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'><img width=13 height=13
src="Sec6-2.files/image001.gif" alt="*"><span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
</span></span></span><![endif]><span style='color:fuchsia'>外部过程</span>：它是在某个外部程序单元中定义的独立过程，或是用非<span
lang=EN-US>Fortran语言编写的过程。<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyTextIndent2 style='margin-left:103.5pt;text-indent:-79.4pt;
mso-char-indent-count:0;line-height:17.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;
mso-list:l17 level1 lfo6;tab-stops:42.55pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;
mso-char-indent-size:0cm'><![if !supportLists]><span lang=EN-US
style='font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family:
Symbol'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'><img width=13 height=13
src="Sec6-2.files/image001.gif" alt="*"><span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
</span></span></span><![endif]><span style='color:fuchsia'>内部过程</span>：在程序单元内部定义而且只能被该程序单元调用。<span
lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyTextIndent2 style='margin-left:103.5pt;text-indent:-79.4pt;
mso-char-indent-count:0;line-height:17.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;
mso-list:l17 level1 lfo6;tab-stops:42.55pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;
mso-char-indent-size:0cm'><![if !supportLists]><span lang=EN-US
style='font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family:
Symbol'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'><img width=13 height=13
src="Sec6-2.files/image001.gif" alt="*"><span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
</span></span></span><![endif]><span style='color:fuchsia'>内在过程</span>：由编译系统内部定义，不用任何附加声明或说明就可以可直接引用。<span
lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyTextIndent2 style='margin-left:103.5pt;text-indent:-79.4pt;
mso-char-indent-count:0;line-height:17.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;
mso-list:l17 level1 lfo6;tab-stops:42.55pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;
mso-char-indent-size:0cm'><![if !supportLists]><span lang=EN-US
style='font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family:
Symbol'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'><img width=13 height=13
src="Sec6-2.files/image001.gif" alt="*"><span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
</span></span></span><![endif]><span style='color:fuchsia'>模块过程</span>：它在模块中定义，可以被所有使用该模块的程序调用。包含过程的模块称为宿主。<span
lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyTextIndent2 style='margin-left:103.5pt;text-indent:-79.4pt;
mso-char-indent-count:0;line-height:17.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;
mso-list:l17 level1 lfo6;tab-stops:42.55pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;
mso-char-indent-size:0cm'><![if !supportLists]><span lang=EN-US
style='font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family:
Symbol'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'><img width=13 height=13
src="Sec6-2.files/image001.gif" alt="*"><span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
</span></span></span><![endif]><span class=GramE><span style='color:fuchsia'>哑</span></span><span
style='color:fuchsia'>过程</span><span lang=EN-US><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>：如果<span class=GramE>一个哑元被</span>指明为过程或作为过程名出现在过程引用中，那么该哑元代表的过程为一个<span
class=GramE>哑</span>过程。<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyTextIndent2 style='margin-left:103.5pt;text-indent:-79.4pt;
mso-char-indent-count:0;line-height:17.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;
mso-list:l17 level1 lfo6;tab-stops:42.55pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;
mso-char-indent-size:0cm'><![if !supportLists]><span lang=EN-US
style='font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family:
Symbol'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'><img width=13 height=13
src="Sec6-2.files/image001.gif" alt="*"><span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
</span></span></span><![endif]><span style='color:fuchsia'>语句函数</span>：它是由单个语句定义的函数，其形式为：<span
style='color:#FF9900'>函数名<span lang=EN-US>([<span class=GramE>哑元名表</span>])＝标量表达式</span></span>。<span
lang=EN-US>F90不推荐使用，因为它不符合过程的一般规则。</span></p>
<p style='margin-left:18.0pt;text-indent:-18.0pt;mso-list:l14 level1 lfo2;
tab-stops:list 18.0pt'><a name="第6_2_1b"></a><![if !supportLists]><span
lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;color:red'><span
style='mso-list:Ignore'>b)<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
</span></span></span><![endif]><span style='font-family:宋体;color:red'>特性<span
lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyTextIndent2 style='line-height:17.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:
exactly'>过程的特性包括，将过程分为函数和子程序的分类特性和它<span class=GramE>的哑元的</span>特性，对于函数还包括有结果的特性。</p>
<p class=MsoBodyTextIndent2 style='line-height:17.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:
exactly'>一个<span class=GramE>哑元可以</span>是一个虚拟数据对象、<span class=GramE>哑过程</span>或作为选择返回<span
class=GramE>指示符的星号</span>。当一个<span class=GramE>哑元不是</span>星号时，它可有<span
lang=EN-US>OPTIONAL属性，表示对该过程引用时不需要有实元与该<span class=GramE>哑元结合</span>。一个<span
class=GramE>哑</span>元数据对象的主要特性包括它的类型、种别值、形状、输入输出意向(INTENT)、是否可选(OPTIONAL)、是否一个指针(POINTER)或目标(TARGET)。<span
class=GramE>哑</span>过程的特性包括其接口是否显式给出、作为过程的特性(如果其接口显式给出)以及它是否可选。函数结果的主要特性包括它的类型、类别值、<span
class=GramE>秩</span>以及是否指针等。</span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal align=center style='margin-top:15.6pt;margin-right:0cm;
margin-bottom:15.6pt;margin-left:0cm;mso-para-margin-top:1.0gd;mso-para-margin-right:
0cm;mso-para-margin-bottom:1.0gd;mso-para-margin-left:0cm;text-align:center'><a
name="第6_2_2"><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:16.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
mso-fareast-font-family:楷体_GB2312'>6.2.2</span></a><span style='mso-bookmark:
第6_2_2'></span><span style='font-size:16.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:楷体_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:red'>外部过程</span><b><span
lang=EN-US style='font-size:16.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:
楷体_GB2312'><o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class=MsoBodyTextIndent2 style='line-height:17.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:
exactly'>外部过程是程序员编写的函数或子程序，它独立于主程序外部。外部过程可以单独以源文件存储和编译，也可以包括在主程序源代码的<span
lang=EN-US>END语句后。外部过程本身也可以包含有内部函数或内部子程序。</span></p>
<p style='margin-left:18.0pt;text-indent:-18.0pt;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo8;
tab-stops:list 18.0pt'><a name="第6_2_2a"></a><![if !supportLists]><span
lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;color:red'><span
style='mso-list:Ignore'>a)<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
</span></span></span><![endif]><span lang=JA style='font-family:宋体;color:red;
mso-fareast-language:JA'>子程序</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体;
color:red'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyTextIndent2 style='line-height:17.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:
exactly'>子程序以<span lang=EN-US>SUBROURTINE语句开始，END语句结束的过程。其一般形式为：<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyTextIndent2 style='text-indent:72.85pt;mso-char-indent-count:
6.07;line-height:15.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;mso-char-indent-size:12pt'><span
lang=EN-US style='color:#FF9900'>[前缀]</span><span lang=EN-US style='color:#FF9900;
mso-fareast-language:JA'>SUBROUTINE</span><span style='color:#FF9900'>子程序</span><span
lang=JA style='color:#FF9900;mso-fareast-language:JA'>名</span><span lang=EN-US
style='color:#FF9900;mso-fareast-language:JA'>[(</span><span class=GramE><span
style='color:#FF9900'>哑元列表</span></span><span lang=EN-US style='color:#FF9900;
mso-fareast-language:JA'>)]<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyTextIndent2 style='text-indent:99.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:
8.25;line-height:15.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;mso-char-indent-size:12pt'><span
lang=EN-US style='color:#FF9900'>...<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyTextIndent2 style='text-indent:72.85pt;mso-char-indent-count:
6.07;line-height:15.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;mso-char-indent-size:12pt'><span
lang=EN-US style='color:#FF9900'>END [SUBROUTINE[子程序名]]</span><span lang=EN-US
style='color:#FF6600'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyTextIndent2 style='line-height:17.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:
exactly'>其中，<span class=GramE>哑元可以</span>是变量名、数组名、过程名、<span class=GramE>指针名等均</span>可<span
class=GramE>作为哑元</span>。<span class=GramE>哑元表内</span>列出本程序体内要用到的<span
class=GramE>全部哑元</span>，列在括号内，彼此用逗号分隔（哑元都要在说明语句中说明类型）。<span style='color:fuchsia'>前缀</span>是<span
lang=EN-US>F90中新增的，它可以是：<span style='color:#FF9900'>类型说明 [关键词]</span>或<span
style='color:#FF9900'>关键词 [类型说明]</span>。<span style='color:fuchsia'>关键词</span>是下面之一：<span
style='color:#FF9900'>RECURSIVE</span>(F90)，<span style='color:#FF9900'>PURE</span>(F95)，<span
style='color:#FF9900'>ELEMENTAL</span>(F95)。RECURSIVE表示过程时可以直接或间接地调用自身，即递归调用，其过程是递归过程。</span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyTextIndent2 style='line-height:17.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:
exactly'>子程序<span class=GramE>名只是</span>用<span class=GramE>来作</span>标识，不代表任何值。<span
class=GramE><span style='color:fuchsia'>哑元列表</span></span>是子程序与调用单元之间进行数据传送的主要渠道，当有一个<span
class=GramE>以上哑元时</span>，它们之间用逗号隔开，如果<span class=GramE>没有哑元</span>，则一对括号可以省略。从<span
lang=EN-US>SUBROUTINE语句后面一直到END语句则是子程序体。它的说明部分应包括对哑元和子程序中所用变量、数组等的说明，它的执行语句部分完成运算和操作功能。其中的END语句或RETURN语句使执行流程返回到调用单元。</span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyTextIndent2 style='line-height:17.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:
exactly'><span class=GramE>哑元表中的哑元个数</span>，理论上不受限制，但从软件工程观点看，不宜过多，一般不应超过六、七个。如果太多，意味着该子程序的算法较复杂，应该把该过程再分解为几个子功能分别编写成几个子程序。</p>
<p class=MsoBodyTextIndent2 style='line-height:17.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:
exactly'>调用子程序时必须用一条独立的<span lang=EN-US>CALL语句，其形式为：<span style='color:#FF9900'>CALL子程序名[(实元列表)]</span></span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyTextIndent2 style='line-height:17.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:
exactly'>例：读入<span lang=EN-US>3个整数，按大小順序重排。<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyTextIndent2 style='text-indent:73.45pt;mso-char-indent-count:
6.12;line-height:15.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;mso-char-indent-size:12pt'><span
class=GramE><span lang=EN-US>INTEGER :</span></span><span lang=EN-US>: <span
class=SpellE>i,j,k</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyTextIndent2 style='text-indent:73.45pt;mso-char-indent-count:
6.12;line-height:15.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;mso-char-indent-size:12pt'><span
lang=EN-US>READ *, <span class=SpellE>i<span class=GramE>,j,k</span></span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyTextIndent2 style='text-indent:73.45pt;mso-char-indent-count:
6.12;line-height:15.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;mso-char-indent-size:12pt'><span
class=GramE><span lang=EN-US>IF(</span></span><span class=SpellE><span
lang=EN-US>i</span></span><span lang=EN-US><j) CALL swap(<span class=SpellE>i,j</span>)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyTextIndent2 style='text-indent:73.45pt;mso-char-indent-count:
6.12;line-height:15.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;mso-char-indent-size:12pt'><span
class=GramE><span lang=EN-US>IF(</span></span><span lang=EN-US>j<k) CALL
swap(<span class=SpellE>j,k</span>)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyTextIndent2 style='text-indent:73.45pt;mso-char-indent-count:
6.12;line-height:15.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;mso-char-indent-size:12pt'><span
class=GramE><span lang=EN-US>IF(</span></span><span class=SpellE><span
lang=EN-US>i</span></span><span lang=EN-US><j) CALL swap(<span class=SpellE>i,j</span>)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyTextIndent2 style='text-indent:73.45pt;mso-char-indent-count:
6.12;line-height:15.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;mso-char-indent-size:12pt'><span
lang=EN-US>PRINT *<span class=GramE>,<span class=SpellE>i,j,k</span></span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyTextIndent2 style='text-indent:73.45pt;mso-char-indent-count:
6.12;line-height:15.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;mso-char-indent-size:12pt'><span
lang=EN-US>END<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyTextIndent2 style='text-indent:73.45pt;mso-char-indent-count:
6.12;line-height:15.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;mso-char-indent-size:12pt'><span
lang=EN-US style='mso-fareast-language:JA'>!</span><span lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyTextIndent2 style='text-indent:73.45pt;mso-char-indent-count:
6.12;line-height:15.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;mso-char-indent-size:12pt'><span
lang=EN-US>SUBROUTINE <span class=GramE>swap(</span><span class=SpellE>p,q</span>)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyTextIndent2 style='text-indent:95.4pt;mso-char-indent-count:
7.95;line-height:15.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;mso-char-indent-size:12pt'><span
class=GramE><span lang=EN-US>INTEGER :</span></span><span lang=EN-US>: <span
class=SpellE>p,q,r</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyTextIndent2 style='text-indent:95.4pt;mso-char-indent-count:
7.95;line-height:15.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;mso-char-indent-size:12pt'><span
lang=EN-US>r=<span class=SpellE>p<span class=GramE>;p</span></span>=<span
class=SpellE>q;q</span>=r<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyTextIndent2 style='text-indent:73.45pt;mso-char-indent-count:
6.12;line-height:15.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;mso-char-indent-size:12pt'><span
lang=EN-US>RETURN<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyTextIndent2 style='text-indent:73.45pt;mso-char-indent-count:
6.12;line-height:15.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;mso-char-indent-size:12pt'><span
lang=EN-US>END</span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyTextIndent2 style='line-height:17.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:
exactly'>调用子程序时的实元是<span class=GramE>和哑元相同</span>类型的变量、数组元素、数组和常数。当用<span
lang=EN-US>CALL语句予以调用时，哑元和实元才按列表顺序一一对应，取得同一数值。但使用常数时要避免下例中的常数替换式，否则将导致不可预料的错误，应尽可能用变量作实元。<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyTextIndent2 style='text-indent:49.45pt;mso-char-indent-count:
4.12;line-height:15.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;mso-char-indent-size:12pt'>例：<span
lang=EN-US>SUBROUTINE <span class=SpellE>bai</span>(x)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyTextIndent2 style='text-indent:95.4pt;mso-char-indent-count:
7.95;line-height:15.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;mso-char-indent-size:12pt'><span
class=GramE><span lang=EN-US>REAL :</span></span><span lang=EN-US>: x<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyTextIndent2 style='text-indent:95.4pt;mso-char-indent-count:
7.95;line-height:15.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;mso-char-indent-size:12pt'><span
lang=EN-US>x = 2. * <span class=GramE>x</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyTextIndent2 style='text-indent:73.45pt;mso-char-indent-count:
6.12;line-height:15.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;mso-char-indent-size:12pt'><span
lang=EN-US>END<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyTextIndent2 style='text-indent:73.45pt;mso-char-indent-count:
6.12;line-height:15.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;mso-char-indent-size:12pt'><span
lang=EN-US><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyTextIndent2 style='text-indent:73.45pt;mso-char-indent-count:
6.12;line-height:15.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;mso-char-indent-size:12pt'><span
lang=EN-US>s=1.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyTextIndent2 style='text-indent:73.45pt;mso-char-indent-count:
6.12;line-height:15.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;mso-char-indent-size:12pt'><span
lang=EN-US>CALL <span class=SpellE><span class=GramE>bai</span></span><span
class=GramE>(</span>1.)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyTextIndent2 style='text-indent:73.45pt;mso-char-indent-count:
6.12;line-height:15.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;mso-char-indent-size:12pt'><span
lang=EN-US>PRINT*<span class=GramE>,s</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyTextIndent2 style='text-indent:73.45pt;mso-char-indent-count:
6.12;line-height:15.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;mso-char-indent-size:12pt'><span
lang=EN-US>END</span></p>
<p style='margin-left:18.0pt;text-indent:-18.0pt;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo8;
tab-stops:list 18.0pt'><a name="第6_2_2b"></a><![if !supportLists]><span
lang=EN-US style='font-family:宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;color:red'><span
style='mso-list:Ignore'>b)<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
</span></span></span><![endif]><span style='font-family:宋体;color:red'>函数<span
lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyTextIndent2 style='line-height:17.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:
exactly'>自定义函数和子程序比较相近，共同的特征是作为过程的集合，子程序的很多规则也可应用。两者的不同之处在于函数返回一个值，且通常不<span
class=GramE>改变哑元的</span>值，因此，它代表数学上的一个函数。而子程序通常完成一项更为复杂的任务，通过变元或其他手段返回几个结果。函数的一般形式为：<span
lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyTextIndent2 style='text-indent:72.85pt;mso-char-indent-count:
6.07;line-height:15.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;mso-char-indent-size:12pt'><span
lang=EN-US style='color:#FF9900'>[前缀] FUNCTION函数</span><span lang=JA
style='color:#FF9900;mso-fareast-language:JA'>名</span><span lang=EN-US
style='color:#FF9900;mso-fareast-language:JA'>([</span><span class=GramE><span
style='color:#FF9900'>哑元列表</span></span><span lang=EN-US style='color:#FF9900;
mso-fareast-language:JA'>])</span><span lang=EN-US style='color:#FF9900'>[RESULT(结果名)]<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyTextIndent2 style='text-indent:99.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:
8.25;line-height:15.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;mso-char-indent-size:12pt'><span
lang=EN-US style='color:#FF9900'>...<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyTextIndent2 style='text-indent:72.85pt;mso-char-indent-count:
6.07;line-height:15.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;mso-char-indent-size:12pt'><span
lang=EN-US style='color:#FF9900'>END [FUNCTION函数</span><span lang=JA
style='color:#FF9900;mso-fareast-language:JA'>名</sp⌨️ 快捷键说明
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