📄 sec6-1.htm
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mso-char-indent-size:0cm'><span lang=ZH-CN>块数据单元</span><span lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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mso-char-indent-size:0cm'><span lang=ZH-CN>在命名的公共块中提供变量初始值的程序单元</span></p>
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mso-char-indent-size:0cm'><span lang=ZH-CN>模块</span><span lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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mso-char-indent-size:0cm'><span lang=ZH-CN>包含数据对象定义、类型定义、函数或子程序接口和其它程序可访问的函数或子程序</span></p>
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<p class=MsoBodyTextIndent2 style='margin-top:6.0pt;line-height:17.0pt;
mso-line-height-rule:exactly'><span lang=ZH-CN>程序单元之间的关系有：</span><span
lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyTextIndent2 style='margin-left:49.65pt;text-indent:-24.0pt;
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mso-char-indent-size:0cm'><![if !supportLists]><span lang=EN-US
style='font-size:10.5pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Symbol;
mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family:Symbol'><span
style='mso-list:Ignore'><img width=13 height=13 src="Sec6-1.files/image001.gif"
alt="*"><span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
</span></span></span><![endif]><span lang=ZH-CN style='color:fuchsia'>联合</span><span
lang=ZH-CN>：这种机制允许不同的程序单元共享变量，从而不用重新定义变量就可以以不同的名字处理同一数据。</span><span
lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyTextIndent2 style='margin-left:49.65pt;text-indent:-24.0pt;
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mso-char-indent-size:0cm'><![if !supportLists]><span lang=EN-US
style='font-size:10.5pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Symbol;
mso-fareast-font-family:Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family:Symbol'><span
style='mso-list:Ignore'><img width=13 height=13 src="Sec6-1.files/image001.gif"
alt="*"><span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
</span></span></span><![endif]><span lang=ZH-CN style='color:fuchsia'>范围</span><span
lang=ZH-CN>：它描述的是一个名称</span><span lang=EN-US>(</span><span lang=ZH-CN>或者是全局的或者是局部的</span><span
lang=EN-US>)</span><span lang=ZH-CN>作用的范围。</span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal align=center style='margin-top:15.6pt;margin-right:0cm;
margin-bottom:15.6pt;margin-left:0cm;mso-para-margin-top:1.0gd;mso-para-margin-right:
0cm;mso-para-margin-bottom:1.0gd;mso-para-margin-left:0cm;text-align:center'><a
name="第6_1_2"><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:16.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
mso-fareast-font-family:楷体_GB2312'>6.1.2</span></a><span lang=EN-US
style='font-size:16.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:楷体_GB2312'>
</span><span lang=ZH-CN style='font-size:16.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:楷体_GB2312;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:red'>主程序</span><b><span
lang=EN-US style='font-size:16.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:
楷体_GB2312'><o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class=MsoBodyTextIndent2 style='line-height:17.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:
exactly'><span lang=ZH-CN>程序的执行始终是开始于主程序的第一条可执行语句，所以每个完整的</span><span
lang=EN-US>Fortran</span><span lang=ZH-CN>程序<span class=GramE>必须有且仅有</span>一个主程序。其形式为：</span><span
lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyTextIndent2 style='text-indent:73.45pt;mso-char-indent-count:
6.12;line-height:15.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;mso-char-indent-size:12pt'><span
lang=EN-US style='color:#FF9900'>[PROGRAM [</span><span lang=ZH-CN
style='color:#FF9900'>程序名</span><span lang=EN-US style='color:#FF9900'>]]<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyTextIndent2 style='text-indent:99.85pt;mso-char-indent-count:
8.32;line-height:15.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;mso-char-indent-size:12pt'><span
lang=EN-US style='color:#FF9900'>[</span><span lang=ZH-CN style='color:#FF9900'>说明部分</span><span
lang=EN-US style='color:#FF9900'>]<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyTextIndent2 style='text-indent:99.85pt;mso-char-indent-count:
8.32;line-height:15.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;mso-char-indent-size:12pt'><span
lang=EN-US style='color:#FF9900'>[</span><span lang=ZH-CN style='color:#FF9900'>可执行部分</span><span
lang=EN-US style='color:#FF9900'>]<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyTextIndent2 style='text-indent:73.45pt;mso-char-indent-count:
6.12;line-height:15.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;mso-char-indent-size:12pt'><span
lang=EN-US style='color:#FF9900'>[CONTAINS<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyTextIndent2 style='text-indent:99.85pt;mso-char-indent-count:
8.32;line-height:15.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;mso-char-indent-size:12pt'><span
lang=ZH-CN style='color:#FF9900'>内部过程</span><span lang=EN-US style='color:#FF9900'>]<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyTextIndent2 style='text-indent:73.45pt;mso-char-indent-count:
6.12;line-height:15.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;mso-char-indent-size:12pt'><span
lang=EN-US style='color:#FF9900'>END [PROGRAM[</span><span lang=ZH-CN
style='color:#FF9900'>程序名</span><span lang=EN-US style='color:#FF9900'>]]</span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyTextIndent2 style='line-height:17.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:
exactly'><span lang=ZH-CN>可以看到，主程序单元中允许包含内部过程。主程序名和外部过程名和公共块名都被认为是<span
style='color:fuchsia'>全局名称</span>。全局名称在一个程序中必须是唯一的。</span><span lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyTextIndent2 style='text-indent:50.4pt;mso-char-indent-count:
4.2;line-height:15.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;mso-char-indent-size:12pt'><span
lang=ZH-CN>例：</span><span lang=EN-US>PROGRAM </span><st1:place><span
lang=EN-US>MAIN</span></st1:place><span lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyTextIndent2 style='text-indent:99.85pt;mso-char-indent-count:
8.32;line-height:15.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;mso-char-indent-size:12pt'><span
lang=EN-US>REAL <span class=GramE>X(</span>10),A(10,10),B(10)<span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>!</span><span lang=ZH-CN>说明部分</span><span
lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyTextIndent2 style='text-indent:99.85pt;mso-char-indent-count:
8.32;line-height:15.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;mso-char-indent-size:12pt'><span
lang=ZH-CN>…</span><span lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyTextIndent2 style='text-indent:99.85pt;mso-char-indent-count:
8.32;line-height:15.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;mso-char-indent-size:12pt'><span
lang=EN-US>CALL <span class=GramE>GAUSS(</span>A,B,X)<span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>
</span>!</span><span lang=ZH-CN>执行部分，调用内部过程</span><span lang=EN-US>GAUSS<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyTextIndent2 style='text-indent:73.45pt;mso-char-indent-count:
6.12;line-height:15.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;mso-char-indent-size:12pt'><span
lang=EN-US>CONTAINS<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyTextIndent2 style='text-indent:99.85pt;mso-char-indent-count:
8.32;line-height:15.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;mso-char-indent-size:12pt'><span
lang=EN-US>SUBROUTINE GAUSS(R<span class=GramE>,S,T</span>)<span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>!</span><span
lang=ZH-CN>内部过程的开始</span><span lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyTextIndent2 style='text-indent:99.85pt;mso-char-indent-count:
8.32;line-height:15.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;mso-char-indent-size:12pt'><span
lang=ZH-CN>…</span><span lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyTextIndent2 style='text-indent:99.85pt;mso-char-indent-count:
8.32;line-height:15.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;mso-char-indent-size:12pt'><span
lang=EN-US>END SUBROUTINE GAUSS<span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>!</span><span
lang=ZH-CN>内部过程的结束</span><span lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoBodyTextIndent2 style='text-indent:73.45pt;mso-char-indent-count:
6.12;line-height:15.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;mso-char-indent-size:12pt'><span
lang=EN-US>EHD PROGRAM </span><st1:place><span lang=EN-US>MAIN</span></st1:place></p>
<p class=MsoBodyTextIndent2 style='line-height:17.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:
exactly'><span lang=ZH-CN>下图显示的是一个</span><span lang=EN-US>F90</span><span
lang=ZH-CN>程序的标准结构。<span class=GramE>每个框都可以</span>是一个独立的源文件：</span><span
lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:6.0pt'><span lang=EN-US
style='font-size:12.0pt'>Program A1<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:6.0pt;text-indent:20.4pt'><span
lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt'>Use module A<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:6.0pt;text-indent:20.4pt'><span
lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt'>Call B<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:6.0pt'><span lang=EN-US
style='font-size:12.0pt'>Contains<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:6.0pt;text-indent:20.4pt'><span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>内部子程序</span><span
lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:6.0pt;text-indent:20.4pt'><span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>或内部函数</span><span
lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:6.0pt'><span lang=EN-US
style='font-size:12.0pt'>End Program A1<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:6.0pt'><span lang=EN-US
style='font-size:12.0pt'>Module A<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:6.0pt'><span lang=EN-US
style='font-size:12.0pt'>Contains<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:6.0pt;text-indent:27.0pt'><span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>模块子程序</span><span
lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:6.0pt;text-indent:27.0pt'><span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>或函数</span></p>
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<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:6.0pt'><span lang=EN-US
style='font-size:12.0pt'>Subroutine B<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:6.0pt'><span lang=EN-US
style='font-size:12.0pt'>(</span><span lang=ZH-CN style='font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>外部子程序</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt'>)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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